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Exploring Microscopes: Types & Uses

This document provides an introduction to microscopes used in biology labs. It discusses different types of microscopes including compound light microscopes, binocular dissecting microscopes, transmission electron microscopes, and scanning electron microscopes. Compound light microscopes use glass lenses and light to view small sections of objects at high magnifications, while binocular dissecting microscopes allow viewing entire small organisms at low magnifications using reflected light. Electron microscopes use electron beams to achieve much higher resolutions, with transmission electron microscopes viewing internal cell structures and scanning electron microscopes providing three-dimensional surface images. Micrographs are microscope images, such as one shown of a lymphocyte white blood cell.

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Satya Nadella
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101 views16 pages

Exploring Microscopes: Types & Uses

This document provides an introduction to microscopes used in biology labs. It discusses different types of microscopes including compound light microscopes, binocular dissecting microscopes, transmission electron microscopes, and scanning electron microscopes. Compound light microscopes use glass lenses and light to view small sections of objects at high magnifications, while binocular dissecting microscopes allow viewing entire small organisms at low magnifications using reflected light. Electron microscopes use electron beams to achieve much higher resolutions, with transmission electron microscopes viewing internal cell structures and scanning electron microscopes providing three-dimensional surface images. Micrographs are microscope images, such as one shown of a lymphocyte white blood cell.

Uploaded by

Satya Nadella
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

INTRODUCTION TO

MICROSCOPIC WORLD
• COURSE- BIO I LAB
• SESSION- FALL- 2021
• SECTION - 001
MICROSCOPE

• Cells vary in size. With few exceptions, individual cells cannot be seen with the
naked eye, so scientists use microscopes (micro = “small”; scope = “to look at”) to
study them.
• A microscope is an instrument that magnifies an object. Most photographs of cells
are taken with a microscope, and these images can also be called micrographs.
MICROSCO
PE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF MICROSCOPE

Compound Binocular Transmissio Scanning


light dissecting n electron electron
microscope microscope microscope microscope
LIGHT MICROSCOPES

• Uses light rays passing through to magnify the object.

Has two types

• 1. Binocular dissecting microscope(stereo microscope) 2. Compound light microscope

Used to examine small or thinly


Used to study entire object at low magnification sliced section of objects under
higher magnification
BINOCULAR DISSECTING MICROSCOPE

It allows you to view objects in three dimensions at low magnifications. It is used to study entire small organisms, any object requiring lower
magnification and opaque objects that can be viewed only by reflected light.

It is also called stereomicroscope because it produces three-dimensional image.

The stereo microscope is often used to study the surfaces of solid specimens or to carry out close work such as dissection, microsurgery, watch
making, circuit board  manufacture or inspection, and fracture surfaces as in fractography and forensic engineering. They are thus widely used
in manufacturing industry for manufacture, inspection and quality control. Stereo microscopes are essential tools in entomology.
Binocular Dissecting Microscope
Two sets of lenses
are ocular lenses
Uses two sets of
located near the eyes
lenses and light to
and the objective
view object
COMPOUND lenses located near
the object.

LIGHT
MICROSCOPE Illumination is from
used to examine
small or thinly sliced
sections of objects
below and the light
under high
passes through clear
magnification than
portions but does not
would be possible
pass through opaque
with the binocular
objects.
dissecting
microscope.
PARTS OF MICROSCOPE
1. Ocular lens (eye piece)
2. Body tube
3. Arm
4. Nosepiece
5. Objective lenses(objectives)
6. Scanning objective
7. Lower power objective
8. High power objective
9. Oil immersion objective
10. Coarse adjustment knob
11. Fine-adjustment knob
12. Condenser
PARTS OF MICROSCOPE

• Diaphragm or control lever


• Light source
• Base
• Stage
• Stage clips
• Mechanical stage
• Mechanical stage and control knob
ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE USES THE BEAMS ARE FOCUSED ON


BEAMS OF ELECTRON TO A PHOTOGRAPHIC PLATE BY
MAGNIFY OBJECT. MEANS OF
ELECTROMAGNETS.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

• A scanning electron • It is analogous to the dissecting


microscope (SEM) is a type light microscope . It gives an image
of electron microscope that of the surface and dimensions of an
produces images of a sample by object.
scanning the surface with a focused
beam of electron.
MICROGRAPH OF A LYMPHOCYTE, A WHITE
BLOOD CELL

a. showing less detail b. transmission electron microscope c. three dimensional structure of cell
Comparison Of The Compound Light Microscope And Transmission Electron Microscope

Compound Light Microscope Transmission Electron Microscope


1. Glass lenses 1. Electromagnetic lenses

2. illumination 2. Illumination due to beam of electrons

3. Resolution 200nm 3. Resolution 0.1 nm

4. Magnifies to 1500x 4. Magnifies to 100000x

5costs up to tens of thousands of dollars 5. Costs up to hundreds of thousands of dollars


Total Magnification

• It is calculated by multiplying the magnification of the ocular lens (eye piece) by the
magnification of the objective lens.

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