INFRARED BASED
VISITOR COUNTER
INTRODUCTION
A people counter is a device used to measure the
number and direction of people traversing a certain
passage or entrance per unit time.
The resolution of the measurement is entirely
dependent on the sophistication of the technology
employed.
The device is often used at the entrance of a building
so that the total number of visitors can be recorded.
Many different technologies are used in people
counter devices, such as infrared beams, computer
vision , thermal imaging and pressure-sensitive mats.
CONTAINTS
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVE
CURRENT TECHNOLOGY
FINDING ANALYSIS
Working
CONCLUSION
APPLICTION
LIMITATION
REFRENCE
CONTAINTS
[Link]
2Introduction
[Link]
[Link] Diagram
[Link] Detail
[Link]
[Link] status and development
[Link] potential
[Link] & Limitations
[Link]
BLOCK DIAGRAM
TECHNICAL DETAIL
PARTS OF VISITOR COUNTER
INFRARED SENSER(TRANSMITTER , RECEIVER)
LM7805C IC (VOLTAGE REGULATOR IC)
LM324N IC (COMPARATOR IC)
DM74LS190N IC(BCD COUNTER IC)
SN74LS47N IC(BCD TO 7-SEGMENT IC)
7 SEGMENT DISPLAY
INFRARED SENSER(TRANSMITTER ,RECEIVER)
IRemitter and IR phototransistor
An infrared emitter is an LED made
from gallium arsenide, which emits
near-infrared energy at about 880nm.
The infrared phototransistor acts
as a transistor with the base
voltage determined by the amount
of light hitting the transistor.
Hence it acts as a variable current
source. Greater amount of IR light
cause greater currents to flow
through the collector-emitter
leads.
INFRARED SENSER
LM7805C IC (voltage regulator)
Output current in excess of
1A
Internal thermal overload
protection
No external components
required
Output transistor safe area
protection Internal short
circuit
current limit Available in the
aluminum TO-3 package
LM7805C IC
LM324N IC (COMPARATOR IC)
Internally frequency compensated for
unity gain
Large DC voltage gain 100 dB
Wide bandwidth (unity gain) 1 MHz
(temperature compensated)
Wide power supply range: Single
supply 3V to 32V or dual supplies
±1.5V to ±16V
Very low supply current drain (700
µA)-essentially independent of supply
voltage
Differential input voltage range equal
to the power supply voltage
Large output voltage swing 0V to V+ -
1.5V
LM324N IC
DM74LS190N IC (BCD COUNTER IC)
Features
Counts 8-4-2-1 BCD or binary
Single down/up count control line
Count enable control input
Ripple clock output for cascading
Asynchronously presettable with
load control
Parallel outputs
Cascadable for n-bit applications
Average propagation delay 20 ns
Typical clock frequency 25 MHz
Typical power dissipation 100 mW
DM74LS190N IC
SN74LS47N IC (BCD TO 7-SEGMENT IC)
Open collector output
drives indicator directly
Lamp test provision
Leading /trailing zero
suppression
SN74LS47N IC
7 SEGMENT DISPLAY
seven-segment display,
or indicator, is a form of
electronic display device for
displaying decimal numerals
that is an alternative to the
more complex dot-matrix
displays.
Seven-segment displays are
widely used in digital clocks,
electronicmeters, and other
electronic devices for displaying
numerical information.
7 SEGMENT DISPLAY
INTRODUCTION
A people counter is a device used to measure the
number and direction of people traversing a certain
passage or entrance per unit time.
The resolution of the measurement is entirely
dependent on the sophistication of the technology
employed.
The device is often used at the entrance of a building
so that the total number of visitors can be recorded.
Many different technologies are used in people
counter devices, such as infrared beams, computer
vision , thermal imaging and pressure-sensitive mats.
OBJECTIVE
To provide the counting solution of entities
by infrared beam.
Accurate and precise counting can be
possible through this technology.
When ir beam obstructed then other part of
circuitry start working of counting.
CURRENT TECHNOLOGY
1 Technologies
◦ 1.1 Tally counter
◦ 1.2 Infrared beams
◦ 1.3 Computer vision
◦ 1.4 Thermal imaging
◦ [Link] intelligence
FINDING ANALYSIS
Counters detection are useful for counting of objects or people moving
along a predefined path. These may find application as visitor counters
and also for counting of objects both the directions.
The counter section consists of two IR LEDS, three photodiode detectors.
The movement of objects including the direction of their movement is
detected by the arrangement of the IR LED and photodiode detector
pairs.
The photodiode of each pair is mounted opposite to its corresponding IR
LED fall directly on the photodiode detector.
When any person or object interrupts the light path of the first IR LED-
photodiode pair, the IR signal will be interrupted from falling on IR
receiver.
Now when the same person/object interrupts the second pair of IR LED2
and photodiode, the signal at the second IR pair will be disturbed.
WORKING
Conclusion
This system employs multiple IR transceivers to create
a count zone at ankle height.
The artificial intelligence counters function in a similar
way to the human brain, in other words, each event is
evaluated in terms of features to determine the correct
outcome i.e. count per direction.
As a person passes the count zone a pattern is
generated.
The onboard processor extracts the features of the
pattern and based on what it has been taught makes a
decision regarding the event by brute force calculation.
APPLICATION
High accuracy, in correct conditions
sometimes over 98%.
Directional information
Flexible in customization
Highly scalable when embedded in IP cameras
Integration with other systems
LIMITATION
Accuracy can be affected by differing light levels
Cannot be used with ceiling heights below 2.2m
Most basic beam sensors are limited to non-
directional counts
Can't discern people walking side-by-side
Cannot count high volume, uninterrupted traffic
High potential to become blocked by people standing
in an entrance or by merchandise or displays
Infra-red beam counters may be negatively affected
when subject to direct sunlight
REFRENCE
[Link]
AMAAJ
,
Manual of traffic engineering studies,
[Link]
