Future of Design

The sustainable engineering studio

FPT HOA LAC

PROJECT

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Preliminary 3D physical thermal model

The model is used to check the whole air conditioner design

It is being implemented at an initial preliminary level
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Leed green building requirements

The main requirements

Energy, ozone
Using effectively water
Quality indoor environment

Additional elements
Integrated design
Location and Transportation
The sustainability of the construction area
Materials and Resources
Innovation
Local priority features

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Good buildings need to strictly control environmental
and energy factors before adding green criteria

Factors required to calculate in detail when designing

works in Europe to be licensed for construction

- Guaranteed thermal comfort

- The air environment has low enough CO2 concentration
- Use energy efficiently
- Natural lighting design in combination with (intelligent) lamp
- Noise control in main usage spaces

The content above is the core of good work and should be

done whether or not you get a green certificate

Then add the green elements

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There are many elements that are overlooked when
designed common in Vietnam
Evaluate common design ground
- Thermal comfort: only design the capacity of the air conditioner, do
not check the air temperature condition, mean temperature,
PMV ...

- Air environment with low enough CO2 concentration: only supply

fresh air as standard, do not design quantitative natural ventilation

- Use energy effectively: Qualitative, guessing, no data, not

quantitative to advise on equipment selection

- Design of natural lighting in combination with lights (smart): No

design, no dimming control (curtain blinds, lighting)

- Noise control in main use spaces: Not caculated

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Good buildings need to strictly control environmental
and energy factors before adding green criteria

It is necessary to strictly control the design elements that have not been done
well
- Especially avoid the redundant design of the HVAC system. A common
situation in Vietnam which can be redundant to over 200%, so that there is
cost to compensate for other green elements
- When designing the details, it is necessary to find every possible way to
reduce HVAC capacity as much as possible
- Redundancy of HVAC will lead to an increase in the continuity of other
systems: generators, transformers, pumps, fans, wires, pipelines, installed
areas, increase long-term energy use, etc

230% 170% 200%

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INPUT DATA AMONG THE
CURRENT DESIGN AND
EDEEC’S SIMULATION

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Current Design
Laboratory 1
88m2

20828 W

Area: 88 m2
Occ: SH 1365 W – LH 1575 W ~ 21 pers ~ 4.2 m2/per
Lighting: 2042 W ~ 23.2 W/m2
Equip: 1000 W ~ 11.4 W/m2
Peak load: 20828 W
The density of lighting is 23.2 W/m2 which is higher
than the Viet Nam building energy code (09:2017)
and is unrealistic. With current LEDs technology, this
value should be 4-5.5 W/m2 for office space 8.07 W/m2
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Current Design
Laboratory 1
88m2

20828 W

Peak load: 20828 W = 20.83

kW
Drawing: 2 x 14kW = 28 kW ~ 318
W/m2

The total load in the drawing is higher than

the peak load. Is there any additional
reserve factor?

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 Current Design Equiment

Office1-A1: 3000 W

Office2-A1: 5000 W

Office3-A1: 10000 W

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Current Design
Office2,3-A3 at 2nd floor: Equipment load is zero

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Current Design
200 m2
Office1,2,3-A5 at
2nd floor: Equipment
load is 1000 W
although there are
many difference area
rooms
172 m2

620 m2

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Current Design
Room Area Lighting Equip Occ Tải Bản vẽ Mật độ
(m2) (W/m2) (W/m2) (m2/per) đỉnh (kW) CS
(kW) (W/m2)
Lab 1 88 23.2 11.36 4.2 20.83 28 318
Lab 2 173 23.2 5.78 3.9 49.29 42 243
Lab 3 141 23.2 7.09 3.4 37.33 28 199
Office1-A1 209 17.4 14.35 5.0 59.28 284
Office2-A1 216 23.2 23.15 4.9 53.11 231.5 246
Office3-A1 588 23.2 17.01 5.8 119.34 202

231.7 kW
Lighting: Most rooms have a density of 23.2 W/m2 – too high for the
standard of Viet Nam 09:2017 (LPD for office is 11 W/m2)
Equip: Equipment load in rooms with the same function is uneven. There is no
facility to get such equipment load
Occ: The density of people in the same function rooms also differs quite a lot.
Cooling capacity: Some rooms are overloaded (Lab 2 & 3). Some rooms are lacking (Lab1

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Current Design

No caculated heat transfer through the roof of the A2 office at 2nd floor, the
conferencen room and the A3, A1 office at 3rd floor and the canteen at 4th
floor.

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Current Design

Strong thermal
fluctuations
Thermal stability zone
02F
zone
The FCUs are arranged in
the way that smaller FCU
cooling power are located
at outer zones which have
intense thermal fluctuation.
Higher FCUs cooling
power are located at inner
Thermal
zones which have more
fluctuations
stable thermal fluctuation
zone

Moreover, the supply grills are arranged inside, the extracly grills are outside
>> This is unreasonable
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Current Design

PNNL guideline

Thermal zones virtual divided is mandatory to have a good building

A large zone which is not divided into thermal zones will be underestimated of the cooling
load causing thermal inconveniences. This problem is very popular in Viet Nam
Therefore, most of glass building in VN has problem of thermal comfort, hot in the areas near
window but cold in the core
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Current Design

Office areas and Canteen

at 4th floor are large zones

Effect of thermal zone (about calculate solar gain)

Current design has not divided large space into thermal zones
makes underestimated load and energy use

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Thermal quality of the building shell

Elements are neglected when designing in Vietnam, mainly focused on form and
safety standards

Air-conditioning design often ignores the importance of the quality of the building
shell, glass, walls, roof ... and ignores the sun-shading factors created by the
building itself.

The old approach often causes unnecessary system capacity increase

Energy simulation modeling

Energy simulation model on June 06 at 15:00

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Edeec Simulation’s Case

Indoor
Temperature: 25 độ C
Relative humidity: 65%

Input data

Wall: Uv = 1.8 W/m2.K

Glass: SHGC 0.44
Occ: 5 m2/ng
Lighting: 8.1 W/m2
Equip: 67 W/1 computer/1 per and 100 m2/ 1 water filter (580W)
Fresh air: 25 m3/h/per
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Energy simulation
Case 1: Supply fresh air for air-conditioned spaces

Hiện trạng Edeec

Lighting (W/m2) 23.2 8.1
Occ (m2/ng) 5.0 5.0
Equipment (W/m2) 3.02 23.14

This air-conditioned case is the same as the current design

In general, the total cooling capacity of A5 office area at 2th floor is the same in both
cases (216.5 kW và 221.4 kW)
Can see the difference in lighting and equipment are compensating for each other

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Energy simulation

Case 2: Using heat recovery

Including the capacity of PAU (15.31 kW)

The difference in total cooling capacity of A5 office at the 2th floor between
simulation and current design is up to 69.9 kW (31.59%)

>> The effect of heat recovery

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Checking the current calculation
The conditioning caculation is an important first step and need to check carefully
before making drawings

Calculating details with 3D

physical thermal model,
parameters of outer shell and
glass universal, cheap materials.

The number of people, fresh air

supply, equipment is in
accordance with the current
design

Not done searching optimization of heat and energy

As a result, the total required cooling load is about 3800 kW, down by 23%,
significantly lower than 4933 kW of current design
Reduce costs by about 8 -12 billion VNĐ

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 Environment
The air conditioning design
need to control strict
environmental

Detailed thermal zoning

according to use space
Office temperature for 1 year
The calculated cooling load is much lower than
Checking operating temperature the current cooling load
and humidity throughout the Total:
4993 vs 3800 kW
year

Choosing glass for the best

thermal comfort and combined
with comfortable audio
calculations

Different glasses will give different mean temperature

even at the same air temperature
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 Environment
The air conditioning design need
to control strict environmental

Supplying fresh air according to

TCVN 25m3 / h may not be
sufficient for crowded office areas
to maintain levels below 1000ppm
CO2.

For direct air supply solution,

without preliminary treatment, it
will create relatively high humidity
in the office

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Checking the current calculation
The conditioning caculation is an important first step and need to check carefully
before making drawings

Current design ~ 5000 kW

Office area ~ 25000 m2

>> 250 W/m2

This is the common refrigeration density used in Vietnam to make sure it's cool.

This type of design does not guarantee optimal system cost and certainly large overload,
resulting in redundancy of electrical systems (transformers, backup generators, wires, …)

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Checking the current calculation
Current spreadsheets have many
unreasonable figures, ignoring heat
absorption through the roof ....

The cooling load on the spreadsheet and

the drawing cooling load do not match

The daikin heatload software does not

account for shading factors due to the
building itself
Checking the current calculation
Current cooling load ~ 5000 kW

Recalculate ~ 3800 kW

Preliminary cooling load when

adding heat recovery ~ 3100 kW

There are much potential for

optimization to reduce capacity
deeply and reduce system costs

Further research is needed

Note: The current cost for MEP is only 20.4

billion VNĐ. Provisional 2/3 for air conditioner
is less than 14 billion VNĐ.
At 5000 kW, 40-45 billion VNĐ is needed. We
need to find a way to reduce the maximum to
reduce the maximum system to meet Reducing the system will also help to
reduce long-term energy using
There are expensive building which is not green
And there are also green building which is not expensive

It is all about the way the building is designed and built, not
about high tech or green trees put into the roofs and balconies
www.edeec.com

“Design is not just what it looks like and feels like.

Design is how it works.“
Steve Jobs, Former CEO & Co-Founder, Apple Inc.

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2F Agohub, 12 Hoa Ma Str. HN
[email protected]

www.edeec.com

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