ORIGIN OF THE
SOLAR SYSTEM
THE NEBULAR THEORY
• The most generally accepted
evolutionary model for formation of the
solar system from a cloud of gas and
dust particles.
• The word “nebula” is Latin for “cloud”,
and according to the explanation, stars
are born from clouds of interstellar gas
and dust.
DYNAMIC ENCOUNTER THEORY
• This theory believes that the earth was
formed by materials from the sun.
• Proposed by George Buffon.
PLANETESIMAL THEORY
•Suggests that a cloud of dust
and gas condensed to form our
sun and planets.
•Scientists have observed such
clouds in the Milky Way.
BIG BANG THEORY
• A cosmological theory holding that the
universe originated approximately 20
billion years ago from the violent explosion
of a very small agglomeration of matter of
extremely high density and temperature.
CAPTURE THEORY
• This theory is a version of Jean’s
Theory in which the Sun interacts
with a nearby proto star dragging
a filament of materials from the
proto star.
THE SUN
• The sun is a star made of hydrogen and
helium.
• Located at the center of the solar
system and is also the largest object.
• Sun’s color is white although from the
surface of the Earth it may appear
yellow because of atmospheric
scattering.
THE SIZE AND DISTANCE OF THE SUN
• The sun is an average size star and the largest object in
the solar system.
• The sun is 110 times the diameter of earth (10 times the
diameter of the Jupiter.)
• Over 1,000,000 earths could fit inside the sun.
• The sun is 150 million kilometers away from the earth.
• 390 times farther from the Moon.
• It takes light 8 minutes to travel to earth from the Sun.
HOW DOES OUR SUN COMPARE TO OTHER
STARS?
• Active stars range in size from super
giants to dwarfs.
• Stars range from very bright ( super
Giants) to very dim ( dwarfs)
• Stars range from very hot blue on the
outside ( O class ) to cool red on the
WHAT ARE PARTS OF THE SUN?
• 71 % of the sun’s mass is Hydrogen
• 27 % of the sun’s mass is helium
• 2 % is oxygen and carbon
INTERIOR LAYER OF THE SUN
• The Core
• Radiation Layer
• Convection Layer
THE CORE
• Most of the energy that the sun produces
is formed in its core.
• The core’s temperature is 10 million to
20 million degrees Celsius.
• The pressure is more than 1 billion times
greater than the air pressure of the Earth.
RADIATION LAYER
• It takes million years for energy to move out of
this layer.
CONVECTION LAYER
• Next to the radiation layer Gasses
with different energies move in
circles in a way similar to air with
different densities.
• Energy moves out of this layer in
about a week.
THE OUTER LAYER OF THE SUN
• Photosphere
• Chromo sphere
• The Corona
• Solar flares
• Aurora borealis
• Suns spots
THE PHOTOSPHERE
• Is the visible surface of the sun.
• It is not solid surface, but rather a
layer of gasses.
• It is cooler than the core with a
temperature of 10, 346 F
CHROMO SPHERE
• Is the inner layer of the sun’s
atmosphere
• When it can be seen it looks like a red
circle around the sun.
THE CORONA
• The outermost layer of the sun’s atmosphere.
• The corona takes on different shapes around
the sun depending on changes in the
temperature of the photosphere.
SOLAR FLARES
• Are burst of heat and energy that stretch out from
the corona and chromospheres into space.
• Sometimes the energy disrupts satellites,
interfering with Tv, radio and cell phone
communication systems.
AURORA BOREALIS
• Also called the Northern Lights energy
from the solar flares also causes displays
of different-colored lights in the upper
atmosphere.
• Most often seen in Alaska, Canada, and
Northern United States.
SUN SPOTS
• Are dark spots on the sun.
• They are the regions of the photosphere
that have a lower temperature then the
surrounding regions.
