EVENT DRIVEN
PROGRAMMING
Unit -V
Graphics programming-Frame-Components-
working with 2D shapes-Using color, fonts,
and images-Basics of event Handling-event
handlers-adapter classes-actions mouse
events-AWT event hierarchy-Introduction to
Swing-layout management-Swing
Components-Text Fields, Text Areas-Buttons-
Check Boxes-Radio Buttons-Lists-choices-
Scrollbars-windows-Menus-Dialog Boxes and
Interfaces, Exception handling, Multithreaded
programming, Strings, Input/output
Graphics programming
Java contains support for graphics that enable
programmers to visually enhance
applications.
Java contains many more sophisticated
drawing capabilities as part of the Java 2D API
AWT
Java AWT (Abstract Window Toolkit) is an API to
develop GUI or window-based applications in java.
Java AWT components are platform-dependent i.e.
components are displayed according to the view
of operating system.
AWT is heavyweight i.e. its components are using
the resources of [Link] [Link] package provides
classes for AWT api such as TextField, Label,
TextArea, RadioButton, CheckBox, Choice, List etc.
Java AWT Hierarchy
Container
The Container is a component in AWT that can contain another components
like buttons, textfields, labels etc. The classes that extend Container class
are known as container such as Frame, Dialog and Panel. Window
The window is the container that has no borders and menu bars. You must
use frame, dialog or
another window for creating a window.
Panel
The Panel is the container that doesn't contain title bar and menu bars. It can
have other components like button, textfield etc.
Frame
The Frame is the container that contain title bar and can have menu bars. It
can have other components like button, textfield etc.
There are two ways to create a Frame. They are,
◦ By Instantiating Frame class
◦ By extending Frame class
Example
import [Link].*; import [Link].*;
class MyLoginWindow extends Frame
{
TextField name,pass; Button b1,b2; MyLoginWindow()
{
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
[Link](null);
Label n=new Label("Name:",[Link]);
Label p=new Label("password:",[Link]);
name=new TextField(20);
pass=new TextField(20);
[Link]('#');
b1=new Button("submit"); b2=new Button("cancel");
[Link](n); [Link](name);
[Link](p);
[Link](pass);
[Link](b1);
[Link](b2);
[Link](70,90,90,60); [Link](70,130,90,60);
[Link](200,100,90,20);
[Link](200,140,90,20);
[Link](100,260,70,40);
[Link](180,260,70,40);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
MyLoginWindow ml=new MyLoginWindow();
[Link](true);
[Link](400,400); [Link]("my login window");
}}
Output
Event Handling
Changing the state of an object is known as an
event. For example, click on button, dragging
mouse etc. The [Link] package provides
many event classes and Listener interfaces for
event handling.
Event handling has three main components,
◦ Events : An event is a change in state of an object.
◦ Events Source : Event source is an object that generates
an event.
◦ Listeners : A listener is an object that listens to the event.
A listener gets notified when an event occur
How Events are handled ?
A source generates an Event and send it to
one or more listeners registered with the
source. Once event is received by the listener,
they process the event and then return.
Events are supported by a number of Java
packages, like [Link], [Link] and
[Link].
Important Event Classes and Interface
Steps to handle events:
Implement appropriate interface in the class.
Register the component with the listener.
How to implement Listener
Declare an event handler class and specify
that the class either implements an
ActionListener(any listener) interface or
extends a class that implements an
ActionListener interface.
Example
public class MyClass implements ActionListener
{
// Set of Code
}
Register an instance of the event handler class as a listener
on one or more components.
For example:
[Link](instanceOfMyClass);
Include code that implements the methods in listener
interface. For example: public void
actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//code that reacts to the action
}
Mouse Listener
package Listener; import [Link]; import
[Link];
import [Link];
import [Link]; import
[Link];
public class Mouse implements MouseListener { TextArea s;
public Mouse()
{
Frame d=new Frame("kkkk"); s=new TextArea(""); [Link](s);
[Link](this); [Link](190, 190);
[Link]();
}
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { [Link]("MousePressed");
int a=[Link]();
int b=[Link](); [Link]("X="+a+"Y="+b);
}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) { [Link]("MouseReleased");
}
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) { [Link]("MouseEntered");
}
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) { [Link]("MouseExited");
}
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { [Link]("MouseClicked");
}
public static void main(String arg[])
{
Mouse a=new Mouse();
}
}
Mouse Motion Listener
package Listener;
import [Link];
import [Link]; import
[Link];
import [Link]; import [Link];
public class MouseMotionEventDemo extends JPanel
implements MouseMotionListener { MouseMotionEventDemo()
{
JTextArea a=new JTextArea(); [Link](this);
JFrame b=new JFrame(); [Link](a);
[Link](true);
}
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e)
{ [Link]("Mouse is Moving");
}
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e)
{ [Link]("MouseDragged");
}
public static void main(String arg[])
{
MouseMotionEventDemo a=new
MouseMotionEventDemo();
}
}
KEY LISTENER
package Listener;
import [Link]; import [Link]; import
[Link];
import [Link];
public class KeyEventDemo implements KeyListener
{
public KeyEventDemo()
{
JFrame s=new JFrame("hai");
JTextField typingArea = new JTextField(20); [Link](this);
[Link](typingArea);
[Link](true);
}
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { [Link]("KeyTyped");
}
/** Handle the key-pressed event from the text field. */ public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e)
{
[Link]("KeyPressed");
}
/** Handle the key-released event from the
text field. */ public void keyReleased(KeyEvent
e) {
[Link]("Keyreleased");
}
public static void main(String g[])
{
KeyEventDemo a=new KeyEventDemo();
}
}
ITEM LISTENER
package Listener;
import [Link]; import
[Link]; import
[Link]; import
[Link]; import
[Link];
import [Link]; import
[Link]; import
[Link];
public class itemlistener implements ItemListener
{
public itemlistener()
{
JFrame s=new JFrame("hai");
JCheckBox a=new JCheckBox("Ok"); [Link](this);
[Link](a); [Link](true);
}
public static void main(String g[])
{
itemlistener l=new itemlistener();
}
public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent arg0)
{ [Link]("State changed");
}
}
Window Listener
package Listener;
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link]; import
[Link];
import [Link]; import
[Link];
public class window extends JPanel implements
WindowListener { window()
{
JFrame b=new JFrame(); [Link](this); [Link](true);
}
public static void main(String arg[])
{
window a=new window();
}
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent arg0) { [Link]("Window activated");
}
public void windowClosed(WindowEvent arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub [Link]("Window closed");
}
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub [Link]("Window closing");
}
public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
[Link]("Window deactivated");
}
public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
[Link]("Window deiconified");
}
public void windowIconified(WindowEvent arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
[Link]("Window Iconified");
}
public void windowOpened(WindowEvent arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
[Link]("Window opened");
}}
WINDOW FOCUS LISTENER
package Listener;
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
public class window1 extends JPanel implements
WindowFocusListener { window1()
{
JFrame b=new JFrame(); [Link](this);
[Link](true);
}
public static void main(String arg[])
{
window1 b=new window1();
}
public void windowGainedFocus(WindowEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
[Link]("Window gained");
}
public void windowLostFocus(WindowEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
[Link]("Windowlostfocus");
}}
WindowStateListener
package Listener;
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link]; import [Link];
public class window2 extends JPanel implements
WindowStateListener { window2()
{
JFrame b=new JFrame(); [Link](this);
[Link](true);
}
public static void main(String arg[])
{
window2 b=new window2();
}
public void
windowStateChanged(WindowEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
[Link]("State Changed");
}}
ACTION LISTENER
import [Link].*;
import [Link].*;
import [Link].*;
import [Link].*;
public class A extends JFrame implements ActionListener { Scientific() {
JPanel buttonpanel = new JPanel(); JButton b1 = new JButton("Hai");
[Link](b1); [Link](this);
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { [Link](“Hai
button”);
}
public static void main(String args[]) { A f = new A();
[Link]("ActionListener"); [Link](500,500); [Link](true);
}}
Java adapter classes
Java adapter classes provide the default
implementation of listener interfaces. If you
inherit the adapter class, you will not be
forced to provide the implementation of all
the methods of listener interfaces. So it saves
code.
The adapter classes are found in
[Link], [Link] and
[Link] packages.
Java Adapter Class
Java WindowAdapter Example
import [Link].*;
import [Link].*;
public class AdapterExample
{ Frame f;
AdapterExample(){
f=new Frame("Window Adapter");
[Link](new WindowAdapter(){
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
{ [Link]();
}
});
[Link](400,400);
[Link](null);
[Link](true);
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{ new AdapterExample();
}}
Java MouseAdapter Example
import [Link].*;
import [Link].*;
public class MouseAdapterExample extends MouseAdapter{
Frame f;
MouseAdapterExample(){
f=new Frame("Mouse Adapter");
[Link](this); [Link](300,300); [Link](null);
[Link](true); }
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e)
{ Graphics g=[Link]();
[Link]([Link]);
[Link]([Link](),[Link](),30,30);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MouseAdapterExample();
}}
AWT EVENT HIERARCHY
Swing
Java Swing tutorial is a part of Java Foundation
Classes (JFC) that is used to create window-
based applications. It is built on the top of AWT
(Abstract Windowing Toolkit) API and entirely
written in java.
Unlike AWT, Java Swing provides platform-
independent and lightweight components.
The [Link] package provides classes for
java swing API such as JButton, JTextField,
JTextArea, JRadioButton, JCheckbox, JMenu,
JColorChooser etc.
Hierarchy of Java Swing
Differentiate between Java AWT &
Java Swing
Layout management
Java Layout Managers
The LayoutManagers are used to arrange
components in a particular manner.
LayoutManager is an interface that is
implemented by all the classes of layout
managers.
There are following classes that represents
the layout managers:
AWT Layout Manager Classes
Following is the list of commonly used
controls while designing GUI using AWT
Border Layout Examples
import [Link].*;
import [Link].*;
public class Border
{ JFrame f;
Border(){
f=new JFrame();
JButton b1=new JButton("NORTH");;
JButton b2=new JButton("SOUTH");;
JButton b3=new JButton("EAST");;
JButton b4=new JButton("WEST");;
JButton b5=new JButton("CENTER");;
[Link](b1,[Link]);
[Link](b2,[Link]);
[Link](b3,[Link]); f
.add(b4,[Link]); [Link](b5,[Link]);
[Link](300,300);
[Link](true);
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{ new Border();
}}
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
public class ScrollPaneDemo extends JFrame
{
public ScrollPaneDemo() {
super("ScrollPane Demo");
ImageIcon img = new ImageIcon("[Link]");
JScrollPane png = new JScrollPane(new JLabel(img));
getContentPane().add(png);
setSize(300,250); setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) { new ScrollPaneDemo();
} }
ScrollPaneLayout:
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
public class ScrollPaneDemo extends JFrame
{
public ScrollPaneDemo()
{
super("ScrollPane Demo");
ImageIcon img = new ImageIcon("[Link]");
JScrollPane png = new JScrollPane(new JLabel(img)); getContentPane().add(png);
setSize(300,250); setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
new ScrollPaneDemo();
}}
BoxLayout
import [Link].*;
import [Link].*;
public class BoxLayoutExample1 extends Frame
{
Button buttons[];
public BoxLayoutExample1 () { buttons = new Button [5];
for (int i = 0;i<5;i++)
{
buttons[i] = new Button ("Button " + (i + 1));
add (buttons[i]);
}
setLayout (new BoxLayout (this, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
setSize(400,400);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
BoxLayoutExample1 b=new BoxLayoutExample1();
}
Group Layout
public class GroupExample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
JFrame frame = new JFrame("GroupLayoutExample");
[Link](JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
Container contentPanel = [Link]();
GroupLayout groupLayout = new GroupLayout(contentPanel); [Link](groupLayout);
JLabel clickMe = new JLabel("Click Here");
JButton button = new JButton("This Button");
[Link]( [Link]()
.addComponent(clickMe)
.addGap(10, 20, 100)
.addComponent(button));
[Link](
[Link]([Link])
.addComponent(clickMe)
.addComponent(button));
[Link](); [Link](true);
}}}
Swing Components
Text Fields
The object of a JTextField class is a text component that allows
the editing of a single line text. It inherits JTextComponent class.
Text Areas
The object of a JTextArea class is a multi line region that displays
text. It allows the editing of multiple line text. It inherits
JTextComponent class
Buttons
The JButton class is used to create a labeled button that has
platform independent implementation.
The application result in some action when the button is pushed.
It inherits AbstractButton class.
Buttons
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link];
import [Link]; public class
SwingFirstExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating instance of JFrame JFrame frame = new JFrame("My
First Swing Example");
// Setting the width and height of frame [Link](350,
200);
[Link](JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
// adding panel to frame [Link](panel);
/* calling user defined method for adding
components
to the panel.
*/ placeComponents(panel);
// Setting the frame visibility to true
[Link](true); }
private static void placeComponents(JPanel
panel) {
[Link](null);
// Creating JLabel
JLabel userLabel = new JLabel("User");
/* This method specifies the location and size
of component. setBounds(x, y, width, height)
here (x,y) are cordinates from the top left
corner and remaining two arguments are the width
and height of the component.
*/ [Link](10,20,80,25); [Link](userLabel);
[Link]
/* Creating text field where user is supposed to enter user name.
*/
JTextField userText = new JTextField(20);
[Link](100,20,165,25); [Link](userText);
// Same process for password label and text field. JLabel
passwordLabel = new JLabel("Password");
[Link](10,50,80,25); [Link](passwordLabel);
/*This is similar to text field but it hides the user
entered data and displays dots instead to protect
the password like we normally see on login screens.
*/
JPasswordField passwordText = new JPasswordField(20);
[Link](100,50,165,25);
[Link](passwordText);
// Creating login button
JButton loginButton = new JButton("login");
[Link](10, 80, 80, 25); [Link](loginButton);
}}
output
Check Boxes
The JCheckBox class is used to create a checkbox. It is used to turn an option on (true) or off (false). Clicking
on a CheckBox changes its state from "on" to "off" or from "off" to "on ".It inherits JToggleButton class.
Example:
import [Link].*;
public class CheckBoxExample
{
CheckBoxExample(){
JFrame f= new JFrame("CheckBox Example"); J
CheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("C++");
[Link](100,100, 50,50);
JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("Java", true);
[Link](100,150, 50,50); [Link](checkBox1);
[Link](checkBox2); [Link](400,400);
[Link](null); [Link](true);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
new CheckBoxExample();
}}
Radio Button
The JRadioButton class is used to create a
radio button. It is used to choose one option
from multiple options. It is widely used in
exam systems or quiz. It should be added in
ButtonGroup to select one radio button only.
