Bureau of fire protection
FIRE DISTRICT IV
SAN JUAN FIRE STATION
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS SEMINAR
FOR HEALTH CARE FACILITIES
is the application of science and engineering
principles to protect people, their properties
and environment from the destructive effects of
fire.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
The BFP envisions a world – class fire
protection agency working towards a
public safety conscious society.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
To prevent & suppress destructive fires;
enforce fire – related laws and provide
emergency medical & rescue services.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
The BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION shall be responsible for the prevention and
suppression of all destructive fires on:
Buildings, houses and other structures;
Forest;
Land transportation vehicles and equipment;
Ships or vessels docked at piers or wharves or anchored in major seaport;
Petroleum industry installation;
Plane crashes;
Other similar incidents.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
Signed by PGMA – Dec 19,2008
IRR signed by SILG – Jun 24, 2009
Publication – Oct 17, 2009
Implementation – Nov 18, 2009
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
RULE 1
It is the policy of the STATE to ensure public
safety, promote economic development
through the prevention and suppression of all
kinds of destructive fires.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
HOSPITAL
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 10.2.10.1
A. DEFINITIONS
HOSPITALS a bldg or part thereof used for the
medical, psychiatric, obstetrical or surgical care, on a
24 hr. basis, of 4 or more inpatients. Shall include
gen. hosp., mental hosp., tuberculosis hosp.,
children’s hosp., and any such facilities providing
inpatient care.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
RULE 9
COMPANY AND COMMUNITY VOLUNTEER FIRE
BRIGADES
SEC 9.102 Nature of Required Organization
• Every business establishment should provide an organization to
deal with fires and related emergencies when they occur.
• The head of the business establishment should evaluate the
potential magnitude of a fire emergency within the property or
of an exposure fire and the availability of fire fighting assistance
from a public fire department to determine the nature of the
organization to be established.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 6.0.2.1
REQUIREMENTS
The head of the company, through its duly
designated safety officer shall evaluate the potential
magnitude of a fire emergency w/in the company,
and the availability of firefighting assistance from the
BFP to determine the nature of the org. to be
established.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE BRIGADE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
FIRE LOSS PREVENTION
FIRE MARSHAL
MANAGEMENT
ASSISTANT
FIRE MARSHAL
COMMUNICATION FIRE FIGHTING RESCUE/EVACUATION SALVAGE/SECURITY
Team Team Team Team
TRAFFIC
Team
EMS/FIRST AID
Team
OBJECTIVES OF FIRE BRIGADE ORGANIZATION
1. To prevent fire from starting.
2. To prevent fire from spreading.
3. To confine fire from its point of origin.
4. To put out fire effectively.
5. To save life and property.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
DEFEND IN PLACE STRATEGY:
The basic features of healthcare fire protection,
therefore, involve a limited amount of patient
movement. In many cases, this defend-in-place
theory is not only desirable, it is necessary, especially
in hospital intensive care units, cardiac care units, and
operating room suites, where moving a patient could
result in major health complications or even death.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
R.A. 9514
SECTION 6.0.3.4
ASSISTANCE IN TRAINING PROGRAMS
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 6.0.3.2
TRAINING DESIGN
A training design shall be developed by the
BFP for fire brigades, fire safety practitioners
and fire volunteer organizations.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 6.0.2.2
COMPOSITION
In companies where more persons are available, they
must be organized into teams to functions as a fire
brigade established according to its needs. The
organization shall be such that a fire brigade is on duty
or on call at all times.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 6.0.2.2
COMPOSITION
The organization of company fire brigades shall
consist of the Fire Brigade Chief, w/c shall be
designated by the head of the company, and shall
be assisted by selected personnel.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
EMERGENCY SCENARIO
PROCEDURES
HOSPITAL EVACUATION
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
The primary concern in the event of any
emergency situation shall be protecting the
life and safety of the building occupants, with
the secondary concern being preservation of
property.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
Creating emergency plans and procedures
response to fire and other threats are needed to
make sure all losses will be minimal in the event
of a worst case scenario.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
“Lack of PLANS & PROCEDURES for EVAC can
lead to CONFUSION & PANIC among the
occupants in the event of large-scale-
evacuation”
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE DRILL
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 6.0.3.2
PRACTICE DRILLS
Practice Drills shall be held to check the ability of
members to perform the operations they are expected
to carry out. Drills shall be occasionally held under
adverse weather conditions to work on special
procedures needed under such circumstances.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
10 CHAPTER 2
in FIRE DRILLS required for all types of
occupancies to prevent PANIC in times
of emergencies.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 10.2.10.1
FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
All health care bldgs shall be so designed, constructed,
maintained, and operated as to minimize the possibility
of a fire emergency requiring the evacuation of
occupants.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 10.2.10.1
FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
Because the safety of occupants of health care bldgs cannot
be assured adequately by dependence on evacuation of the
bldg., their protection from the fire shall be provided by
appropriate arrangement of facilities, adequate staffing, and
careful dev’t. of operating & maintenance procedure
composed of the ff.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
a. Proper design, construction and compartmentation;
b. Provisions for detection, alarm, and
extinguishment; and
c. drilling in programs for the isolation of fire and
transfer of occupants to areas of refuge or evacuation
of the bldg.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 10.2.10.1
Para C. Emergency Rooms, Operating
Rooms, Intensive Care Units, Delivery
Rooms and other Similar Facilities
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
Shall not be located more than one (1) storey
above or below the floor of exit discharge. In
existing bldgs where any of the
aforementioned facilities are located above
or below the floor of exit discharge, same
shall be equipped with RAMPS.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
Ramps can be
helpful for
wheelchair users in
negotiating one or
two steps.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
Portable and lightweight
evacuating chairs enable trained
helpers to move people with
physical handicaps down a flight of
stairs much easily that might not
otherwise be possible.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
RES-Q-MAT/EVAC CHAIR
IMPLEMENTATION OF
EMERGENCY PLAN OR
EVACUATION PROTOCOL
The following are examples of what could lead to activation of any given hospital’s EP.
HEALTH CARE FACILITIES SHOULD BE DIVIDED INTO SMOKE
COMPARTMENTS
SMOKE BARRIER/ SMOKE COMPARTMENT DOORS
(BETWEEN COMPARTMENTS)
- DESIGNED TO SEGREGATE AN AREA OF A FACILITY SO
THAT SMOKE WILL BE TRAPPED IN A CERTAIN AREA
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
“FIRE EXTINGUISHER SHOULD ONLY
BE USED IN A SMALL CONTROLLABLE
FIRES ONLY. IF THE FIRE IS
UNCONTROLLABLE, CLOSE THE DOOR
AND EVACUATE!!!”
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
Patients should be evacuated only when absolutely necessary.
Situations worthy of evacuation include:
Danger posed by fire, heat & smoke
Flooding ,
Potential exposure to hazardous materials
Facility or structural damage
Where personnel and patients are in more danger w/in the
facility than any risks posed by evacuation
Unstable nature of the patients
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
PRIORITIZATION IN EVACUATION
1. AMBULATORY
2. PATIENT ON A WHEELCHAIR
3. PATIENT ON A STRETCHER
4. BEDRIDDEN OR VENTILATED
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
Hospital personnel in the vicinity of an incident requiring
immediate life saving action may order the partial evacuation
(either horizontal or vertical evacuation)
“The objective is to get patients and
personnel to safe refuge areas”
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
HORIZONTAL EVACUATION
This type of evacuation takes place when air contaminants, fire
or heavy smoke from a single room threatens to spread to
adjoining areas. All patients, personnel and visitors in the
affected areas should be moved laterally to the nearest area
that is protected by fire doors, smoke barriers and is adjacent to
an exterior exit way, (which includes enclosed stairwells).
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
> EVACUATE THE PATIENTS WHO ARE CLOSEST TO THE FIRE FIRST.
MOVE THEM HORIZONTALLY INTO ANOTHER SMOKE
COMPARTMENT.
> STAFF MEMBERS IN THE ADJACENT COMPARTMENT SHOULD BE
READY TO ASSIST EVACUATED PATIENTS.
> ALWAYS USE THE FASTEST, MOST CONVINIENT MEANS TO
EVACUATE THE PATIENT (WHEELCHAIRS, GOURNEYS, STRETCHERS)
> OFTEN, THE FASTEST AND BEST METHOD IS TO USE THE DRAGGING
AND CARRYING TECHNIQUES. (INLFUENTIAL FACTORS: NO. OF
PATIENTS AND STAFF AVAILABLE) FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
IF THE FIRE CONDITION OBSTRUCT
HORIZONTAL MOVEMENT, RESORT TO
VERTICAL EVACUATION.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
VERTICAL EVACUATION
The movement of patients in a downward direction.
Typically this should be the next step after horizontal
movement. Vertical movement of patients may become
necessary if a fire or smoke is threatening the floor, gases
makes the floor untenable, or structural conditions make
it unsafe to stay.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
VERTICAL EVACUATION IS ALWAYS THE
LAST RESORT!!!
(IF THE CONDITION ON THE ADJACENT SMOKE
COMPARTMENTS DETERIORATE)
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
PARTIAL EVACUATION
The removal of patients who are in immediate danger
to an area of relative safety. A single rescuer usually
accomplishes this. When assistance becomes available,
or as time permits, the patients can be relocated to an
area farther from the hazard or fire.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
TOTAL EVACUATION
This stage involves the complete evacuation of the
facility. It should be only initiated only as a last resort.
Patients should be transferred to alternate locations and
facilities. This decision should require coordination
between all Sections operating under the facility’s
Hospital Emergency Incident Program.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
TOTAL EVACUATION PROCEDURE
1. CALL OUT THE CODE WORD (CODE RED)
2. ACTIVATE THE FIRE ALARM
3. EVACUATE ANYONE IN IMMEDIATE DANGER
4. EXTIGUISH THE FIRE IF POSSIBLE
5. CLOSE DOORS TO CONTAIN SMOKE
6. EVACAUTE THE SMOKE COMPARTMENT
7. CHECK ALL ROOMS CAREFULLY
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
GENERAL EVACUATION
GUIDELINES
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
DURING AN EMERGENCY…
Initial evacuation of persons in immediate danger must
take precedence overall other actions.
Initial evacuation routes should be posted at the
hospital’s Nursing Stations.
Initiation of a vertical or complete evacuation of the
hospital
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
DIFFERENT SITUATIONS REQUIRES
DIFFERENT SOLUTIONS!!!
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
What if we are in the
middle of a patient
procedure when the
alarm sounds?
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
AREAS WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
(OPERATING ROOM)
1. BRING NECESSARY EQUIPMENT TO THE AREA OF REFUGE
2. UNPLUG ALL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS
3. SHUT OFF THE OXYGEN VALVE
4. SEAL THE ROOM WITH A DAMP TOWEL TO PREVENT THE
SPREAD OF SMOKE
5. HEAD COUNT
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
IF THE FIRE IS IN THE ROOM AND THERES OXYGEN
BEING USED WITHIN THE ROOM, YOU NEED TO
TURN OFF THE OXYGEN. IF THERE IS LARGE FIRE ON
THAT AREA, YOU NEED TO SHUT OFF THE ZONE
OXYGEN VALVE.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
EVACUATION
RESPONSIBILITIES
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
A. All Hospital Employees
if a fire occurs in a patient care area, or threatens a
patient care area, employees should remove
patients who are in imminent danger.
“DO NOT WAIT FOR INSTRUCTIONS”
(horizontal evacuation)
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
Do not leave patients unattended. It should be ensured
that hospital staff members assume responsibility for
patients under someone else’s care before they leave to
report to pre-assigned disaster response assignments. For
example, appropriate hand-off must be conducted before
leaving any patient.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
B. SECURITY DEPARTMENT
All members of a hospital’s Security Department should
immediately communicate with their department for a
head count and to receive emergency orders.
Communication should be done by radio or telephone.
They should be prepared to perform a variety of duties
including but not limited to:
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
· Ensure that an officer is dispatched to the front
entrance of the hospital to meet the emergency
responders and direct them to the scene of the
problem.
· Ensure that officers are dispatched as needed to
direct entrances/exits and activate
lock-down procedures for the facility. FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
• Security officers should follow their Security
Emergency Operations Procedures Manual.
• Security staff, using radios or an alternate
communications system, should be located at exit(s)
of patient care units to ensure that all patients,
visitors and staff are accounted for.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
C. BUILDING SERVICES
Building Services or other maintenance personnel should report to the leadership of their assigned
work unit. They should be prepared to perform a variety of duties including but not limited to:
· Help move patients, and assist as directed by the unit leadership
· Maintain staffing of elevators and coordinate support from Security as needed
· Ensure that hallways or traffic areas are clear of carts and equipment and be responsible for setting up
extra beds if needed.
· Transport storeroom supplies and bring in resources from other areas of the facility as requested.
· In the event of a facility wide evacuation, the representative should be expected to
help move patients and victims from patient rooms to refuge/treatment areas and then to ambulances
or other vehicles as appropriate. Canvass organization for existing patient transport equipment and
redirect as needed to critical areas. Ensure adequate number of stretchers and other equipment to
move patients.
· Perform other duties as requested or redeploy to provide labor resources asFIREneeded
SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 3.1601 DIV 16
FIRE EXIT DRILLS
A. 2. FIRE EXIT DRILLS were required, shall be
held with sufficient frequency to familiarize
all occupants with the drill procedures and
to have the conduct of the drill a matter of
established routine
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 3.1601 DIV 16
FIRE EXIT DRILLS
A. 5. in the conduct of drills emphasis shall be
placed upon orderly evacuation under proper
discipline rather than upon speed as such; no
running or horseplay shall be permitted.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
SECTION 3.1601 DIV 16
FIRE EXIT DRILLS
A. 7. Fire alarm facilities, where available, shall
be regularly use in the conduct of fire exits drill.
All fire exits drill alarms shall be sounded on the
fire alarm system
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
RIGHT-SIDE
WALKING
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
3 reasons for a right-side walking requirement:
1. right-side walking is consistent with the traffic rules in our
country with which people are familiar.
2. the staircase descends and rotates in clockwise direction, so
right-side walking is inner-side walking, which results in shorter
walking distance relative to left side walking.
3. for firefighters, adopting a right-side walking strategy will avoid
collisions with occupants. So both pedestrians and fire fighters
walk with a right-side
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
Go down the
nearest
STAIRWAY
holding the
railing.
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
FIRE SAFETY AWARENESS
“Preparedness in
evacuation is not a luxury
but a risks reduction
strategy”.
