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Che 421 Tissue Engineering: Cevat Erişken, PHD

This study developed nanofiber scaffolds with gradients in mineral content to mimic the tendon-to-bone insertion site. A schematic shows generating a calcium phosphate gradient on electrospun nanofibers by adding simulated body fluid at a constant rate. SEM images show increasing mineral deposition moving from bottom to top. Characterization found a linear decrease in calcium content along the gradient direction. Mechanical testing showed a gradation in stiffness matching the mineral gradient. Cell culture demonstrated more cells on regions with lower mineral content. However, the 12mm gradient length was criticized as not physiologically relevant given the native 120 micron length. Future work aims to combine these scaffolds with stem cells to enhance tendon-bone healing.

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Azamat Toktarov
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51 views10 pages

Che 421 Tissue Engineering: Cevat Erişken, PHD

This study developed nanofiber scaffolds with gradients in mineral content to mimic the tendon-to-bone insertion site. A schematic shows generating a calcium phosphate gradient on electrospun nanofibers by adding simulated body fluid at a constant rate. SEM images show increasing mineral deposition moving from bottom to top. Characterization found a linear decrease in calcium content along the gradient direction. Mechanical testing showed a gradation in stiffness matching the mineral gradient. Cell culture demonstrated more cells on regions with lower mineral content. However, the 12mm gradient length was criticized as not physiologically relevant given the native 120 micron length. Future work aims to combine these scaffolds with stem cells to enhance tendon-bone healing.

Uploaded by

Azamat Toktarov
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CHE 421

TISSUE ENGINEERING
Nanofiber Scaffolds with Gradations in Mineral Content for
Mimicking the Tendon-to-Bone Insertion Site

Xiaoran Li, Jingwei Xie, Justin Lipner, Xiaoyan Yuan, Stavros


Thomopoulos* and Younan Xia *

Nano Letters, 2009

Cevat Erişken, PhD


Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
Nazarbayev University 1
Introduction

Provide function, structure, and


composition of native tissue in a few slides

Any references cited should be given at the bottom of each slide


2
Introduction
Problem:
1) The unique transitional (interface) tissue between
tendon and bone does not heal itself if injured.
2) Currently available clinical procedures are not optimal
in treating injuries
3) Therefore, regenerative engineering offers an
alternative solution
Hypothesis: The gradation in mineral content can
result in a spatial variation in the stiffness of the scaffold
and thus be potentially used for repairing the tendon-to-
bone insertion site via a tissue engineering approach.
3
Experimental:

• A schematic of the procedure


for generating a graded coating
of calcium phosphate on a
nonwoven mat of electrospun
nanofibers.
• Ten times concentrated
simulated body fluid was
added at a constant rate to
linearly reduce the deposition
time from the bottom to the
top end of the substrate.
• The parameter d refers to the
distance from the bottom edge
of the substrate

4
Results:

• SEM images of
calcium phosphate
coatings on a plasma-
treated nonwoven
mat of PLGA
nanofibers.
• The images were
taken from different
regions,
with d corresponding
to: (a) 0, (b) 6, (c) 9,
and (d) 11 mm.
• The scale bars in the
insets are 2 μm.

5
• Characterization of the
mineral content
• The plots show
average calcium
content as a function
of d along the
direction of gradient
for (a) plasma-treated
PLGA scaffolds and (b)
gelatin-coated PCL
respectively
6
• Mechanical testing of the graded scaffolds.
• There was a gradation in mechanical properties along the length of the
scaffolds (a representative PLGA scaffold is shown).
• (b) There was a linear decrease in calcium phosphate along the length of
the scaffold.
• (c) Young's modulus decreased with decreasing calcium phosphate
content.

7
• Cell culture data for the graded
scaffolds.
• Fluorescence micrographs of
MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on a
graded scaffold made of gelatin-
coated PCL nanofibers for 3 days
and the average cell density as a
function of d along the gradient.
• The images were taken from
different regions (as indicated
by d) along the gradient of
calcium phosphate.

8
Criticism:

• The study generates a graded structure at a


distance of 12mm, which is not physiologically
relevant. In native tendon-bone interface the
gradient occurs approximately within 120
microns.

9
Conclusions and Future Perspectives:

• The approach demonstrated here might offer


engineered scaffolds that can closely match the
tendon-to-bone insertion site

• In future studies, it is aimed to combine these


engineered scaffolds with mesenchymal stem
cells to enhance tendon-to-bone healing in a rat
rotator cuff injury and repair model
10

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