4PIC’S ONE WORD
__ __ _R_ __ __ _T_ __ __ __ __ __ __
CHRISTIANITY
__ __ __ __ __ _P_ __ __ __ __
DISCIPLINE
__ __ __ _I_ __ _A_ __ __ __ __
MEDITATION
__ __ __ __ __
LABOR
The Monastic
Education
(Monasticism)
ORIGIN:
ST. PATRICK:
Who converted Irish people to Christianity, probably found first
monasticism monasteries in Ireland.
ST. ANTHONY:
Founder of Christian monasticism, at age of 20, he sold his property,
gave proceeds to the poor, and became the a hermit near his home in
Egypt.
DEFINITION:
Greek word “monos”- ALONE
Sometimes “monarchism”- DWELLING ALONE
Is a special form of religious community life.
Men are called MONKS and women are called NUNS
AIMS:
1. SPIRITUAL:
The aim of monastic education is the salvation of individual souls, a kind
of moral and physical discipline based on bodily mortification and worldly
renunciation for the sake of moral improvement.
2. MORAL:
To attain the ideals of CHASTITY, they gave up family, relationship,
instead, adopted spiritual and religious relationship.
Attain the ideals of POVERTY, they renounced property, all inheritance
devoted to charity.
To attain the ideals of OBEDIENCE, they renounced all self power but
obeying the brother and the will of God.
3. SPIRITUAL KNOWLEDGE:
Attainthe highest spiritual knowledge and
purest satisfaction through meditation,
contemplation, inspiration, and asceticism.
4. VIRTUE:
Fasting, very little sleep, wearing coarse
clothing, and assuming painful bodily postures
measured the virtue of the monk.
AGENCIES OF EDUCATION AND
CONTENTS STUDIED:
Monasteries and monastic school- were the only agencies
for education aside from the parish and cathedral schools.
Seven liberal arts was the curriculum of the
monastic school. It was composed of the following:
The Trivium :(tres viae, three road)
Grammar- Language and Literature
Dialect- Logic or Reasoning
Rhetoric- Law and Composition
The Quadrivium:
Geometry- Geometry, geography, natural history
Arithmetic- Numbers and the study of the calendar
Music- Plain chant and harmony used in church
Astronomy- The heavenly bodies, chemistry and physics
TYPES OF EDUCATION:
1. MORAL AND RELIGIOUS TRAINING:
Monks engaged themselves in the religious contemplation, meditation,
asceticism, and religious reading and writing.
2. LITERACY EDUCATION:
Copying manuscripts with other monasteries, collecting manuscript in libraries.
3. MANUAL TRAINING:
Monks are skilled artisans in wood, leather, and metal, and skilled agriculturist
ASPECTS OF SOCIAL
ORGANIZATION:
1. THE DOMESTIC HOMES:
The strictest hermit live alone, in huts so placed that
their inmates could not see nor hear one another.
2. THE ECONOMIC STRUCTURE:
By the vows of poverty, monks promised not to possess
anything as his own
3. THE POLITICAL STATE
Monks lived the same type of life, they did not constitute
a formal community and commit themselves to obey
their superior
Methods Of Instruction
[Link] Method
The question and answer method was generally used as the
tool of teaching in monastic school.
2. Dictation
Heavily used due to scarcity of books.
[Link]
Pupils had to memorize what was distated to them.
4. Language
Latin was the only language for learning.
5. Discipline
Discipline was [Link] used the
rod to punish erring pupils.
[Link] and
Contemplation/Thoughtful Reflection
The monks believed that the deepedt
spiritual experience could be gained
only through devine inspiration.
Contribution to Education
[Link] and spreading learning and culture by the
christian monasteries.
[Link] monasteries opposed the vices and corruption of the
medieval world.
[Link] were an influence of training the warlike spirits and
refining the rustic customs of the teutonic people.
[Link] of Labor.
Scholasticism
What is Scholasticism?
Etymological Definition
It comes from the Latin word scholasticus, which means
"that [which] belongs to the school", and was a method
of learning taught by the academics (or schoolmen) of
medieval universities
Real Definition of Scholasticism
It is the system of theological and philosophical
teaching predominant in the Middle Ages, based
chiefly upon the authority of the church fathers and
of Aristotle and his commentators. A narrow
adherence to traditional teachings, doctrines, or
methods. It is the philosophy and theology of
Western Christendom in the Middle Ages of all
medieval philosophers of any significance were
theologians, and their philosophy is generally
embodied in their theological writings.
THEOLOGY
The term theology is derived from the Latin theologia (“study
[or understanding] of God [or the gods]”), which itself is
derived from the Greek theos (“God”) and logos (“reason”).
PHILOSOPHY
Quite literally, the term "philosophy" means, "love of
wisdom." In a broad sense, philosophy is an activity people
undertake when they seek to understand fundamental truths
about themselves, the world in which they live, and their
relationships to the world and to each other.
Scholastic method
The scholastics would choose a book by a renowned
scholar, called auctor (author),
as a subject of investigation. By reading the book
thoroughly and critically, the disciples learned to
appreciate the theories of the auctor. Then other
documents related to the source document would be
referenced. The points of disagreement and contention
between these multiple sources would be written down.
Through a series of dialectics the two sides of an argument
would be made whole so that they would be found to be in
agreement and not contradictory.
[Link] analysis, where words were
examined and it would be argued they could have
more than one meaning
2. Logical analysis which relied on the rules of
formal logic to show contradictions did not exist, but
were subjective to the reader.
Scholastic schools had two methods of teaching
1. Lectio a simple reading of a text, the instructors explained, and silence for
the students.
2. Disputatio the heart of the scholastic method
Influences on Scholasticism
St. Augustine, the greatest of earlier Christian philosophers who saw in Plato or
in Neoplatonism a system congenial with Christianity. The knowledge of ancient
philosophy came to the early scholastics through the writings of Boethius. John
Scotus Erigena continued the tradition of Neoplatonism in the 9th cent., adding
to it certain mystical notions of his [Link] following authors and works were
commonly used as auctores: Plato (specifically, the Timaeus) Aristotle
("The Philosopher") The Bible Saint Augustine Boethius and his
Consolation of Philosophy Avicenna (especially The Book of Healing)
Peter Lombard (specifically, his Sentences) Averroes ("The
Commentator")
The Golden Age 13th century- the golden age of medieval
philosophy. It was marked by two important developments:
1. The growth of universities, especially at Paris and Oxford
2. The introduction of Aristotle into the West.
Continuation of the Scholastic TraditionScholastic tradition and methods
continued to be followed in politics and lawin canon law, civil law, and common
law and, later, in the development of international law. In the late 15th century ,
the Dominicans began a Thomistic revival. Every Catholic university had
Thomists and Scotists in its theological faculty. After the 18th century, the
secularization of the universities resulted in the suppression of the theological
faculties, and the old tradition was broken. The Franciscan order undertook a
complete and authoritative edition of them.
-END-
ELVEN V. AMARO
MAED TLE
EDUC 212
