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Season and
Local Seasonal
Variation
Presented by: Bernardo L. Lobina
What is Season?
A season is a period of the year that is
distinguished by special climate conditions.
The four seasons—spring, summer, fall, and
winter—follow one another regularly. Each
has its own light, temperature, and weather
patterns that repeat yearly.
What causes Season?
• Season on earth changes every three (3)
months. There are two main causes for the
season to change:
• The axis of the earth is tilted 23.5 °
• The earth revolves around the sun once a
year
Types of Season
Spring
Spring is the season during which the natural
world revives and reinvigorates after the colder
winter months. During spring, dormant plants
begin to grow again, new seedlings sprout out of
the ground and hibernating animals awake.
Winter
Winter is the coldest season of the year in
polar and temperate climates. It occurs after
autumn and before spring. The tilt of Earth’s
axis causes seasons; winter occurs when a
hemisphere is oriented away from the Sun.
Summer
Summer is the hottest season of the year. The
temperature can stay warm, even after the sun has
gone down at night. There are plenty of leaves on
the trees and lots of plants are in flower. Many
trees and other plants produce fruit during
summer.
Autumn
Autumn, also known as fall in North American
English, is one of the four temperate seasons on
Earth. Outside the tropics, autumn marks the
transition from summer to winter, in September or
March. Autumn is the season when the duration of
daylight becomes noticeably shorter and the
temperature cools considerably.
Countries with 4 seasons
• Great Britain
• Ireland
• Spain
• Germany
• New Zealand
• United States
Seasons in the Philippines
The Philippines have a hot tropical monsoon climate
type, which is formed in the archipelago with two main
seasons: wet — with a relative time frame from may to
November and dry from November to April. Year round
weather characterized by high temperatures and a high
level of relative humidity, which with the advent of
summer months is virtually 100 percent.
In summary, because the Philippines is in the
tropical zone, the seasons are not determined
by the amount of daylight. Rather, they are
determined by the amount of rainfall, which
varies throughout the year and from one part
of the country to another because of seasonal
variations in the prevailing wind patterns.
Seasonal Variation
Seasonal variation is variation in a time series
within one year that is repeated more or less
regularly. Seasonal variation may be caused by
the temperature, rainfall, public holidays, cycles
of seasons or holidays.
The seasonal variations are as follows:
the DJF (December, January, February or
northeast monsoon locally known as
amihan) season. The MAM (March, April,
May or summer) season. The JJA (June,
July, August or southwest monsoon
season, or habagat) season.
Amihan
northeast monsoon
Amihan refers to the season dominated by
the trade winds, which are experienced in
the Philippines as a cool northeast wind. It is
characterized by moderate temperatures,
little or no rainfall in the central and western
part of Luzon and Visayas, and a prevailing
wind from the east.
Habagat
Southwest Monsoon
Habagat, on the other hand, is the southwest
wind characterized by frequent heavy rainfall
and humid weather. During Southwest monsoon
or hanging Habagat, the high-pressure area is at
the Australian continent, and the low-pressure
area is at North China, Mongolia, and Siberia.
Southwest Northeast
Monsoon Monsoon
