ADITYA L1
INTRODUCTION
India's inaugural solar mission is Aditya
L1. The launch is planned for September
2, 2023, through ISRO's PSLV-XL launch
vehicle from the Satish Dhawan Space
Centre SHAR (SDSC SHAR) in Sriharikota.
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ABOUT ADITYA L1
Aditya L1 is the first space based
observatory class Indian solar mission
to study the Sun. The spacecraft is
planned to be placed in a halo orbit
around the Lagrangian point 1 (L1) of
the Sun-Earth system, which is about.
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Aditya L1 Mission Overview
Name of the Mission Aditya L1 Mission
Administered by ISRO
Duration of the Mission 5.2 years
Spacecraft Manufacturer ISRO, IIA, IUCAA
Payload Mass 244 kg
Launched by PSLV XL Rocket
Launch Site SDSC-SHAR
Launch Date September 2, 2023
Number of Payloads 7 (VELC, SUIT, HEL1OS, ASPEX, PAPA, SoLEXS, MAG)
For more information [Link]
ADITYA-L1 MISSION
The Aditya L1 mission will orbit the Lagrange point L1 in a halo formation, positioned approximately 1.5 million
kilometers away from Earth. At this equilibrium point, the gravitational influences of the Sun and Earth are evenly
matched. This orbital vantage allows the Aditya L1 spacecraft to conduct uninterrupted and comprehensive
observations of the Sun, unaffected by eclipses.
Fig1: Locations of Aditya-L1 payloads on the spacecraft. R, P and Y indicate the Raw, Pitch and
Roll axis of the spacecraft. ASPEX Payload Consists of SWIS & STEPS.
MAJOR SCIENCE OBJECTIVES
Understanding the Understanding To understand To understand solar
Coronal Heating initiation of Coronal coupling and wind distribution
and Solar Wind Mass Ejection dynamics of the and temperature
anisotropy.
Acceleration. (CME), flares and solar atmosphere.
near-earth space
weather.
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UNIQUENESS OF THE MISSION
Near-UV Solar Disk Imaging Debut: Spatially
Resolved View of the Sun's Surface.
Probing CME Dynamics Proximal to Solar Disk:
Insights into Unobserved Acceleration Phase.
Smart Detection for Solar Events: On-board
Intelligence Identifies CMEs and Flares,
Enhancing Data Efficiency.
Unveiling Solar Wind's Nature: Multi-Directional
Observations Illuminate Directional and Energy A
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Anisotropy. i
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SCIENCE PAYLOADS
VELC SUIT SoLEXS & HEL1OS ASPEX & PAPA MAG
The Visible Emission Line The Solar Ultra-violet Imaging U R Rao Satellite Centre in The Aditya Solar wind Particle The Magnetometer payload,
Coronagraph, created through Telescope, developed by the Bengaluru has developed the EXperiment and Plasma originating from the Laboratory
collaboration between the Inter University Centre for Solar Low Energy X-ray Analyser Package, designed by for Electro Optics Systems in
Indian Institute of Astrophysics Astronomy and Astrophysics in Spectrometer and High Energy the Physical Research Bengaluru, measures
in Bengaluru and ISRO, is Pune in partnership with ISRO, L1 Orbiting X-ray Spectrometer Laboratory in Ahmedabad and interplanetary magnetic fields
engineered for investigating aims to image the Solar to explore X-ray flares from the Space Physics Laboratory in at the L1 point.
the solar corona and coronal Photosphere and Sun across a broad energy Thiruvananthapuram, study
mass ejections. Chromosphere in near Ultra- spectrum. solar wind, energetic ions, and
violet (UV) and measure solar their energy distribution.
irradiance variations.
LAGRANGE POINTS L
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Lagrange points denote stable positions in space
where gravitational forces between two bodies
counteract.
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L1
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Aditya L1, situated approximately 1.5 million
kilometers from Earth, exists within the Sun-Earth
system.
Aditya L1 is set to orbit around this point, enabling L
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uninterrupted solar observations devoid of eclipses.
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Mission Budget
The Aditya L1 mission budget is estimated to
be around Rs. 378.53 crores (~$50 million).
The budget includes the cost of developing
and building the spacecraft, the launch vehicle,
and the scientific instruments. The mission is
expected to last for 5.2 years.
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ADITYA-L1 TRAJECTORY TO L1
Halo orbit insertion in L1
Cruise Phase
Earth SOI Exit
L1 1.5 million k
m
Earth centered
orbit transfer
Fig 3: Aditya-L1 trajectory from Earth to L1.
Development Of Payloads Installed In Aditya L1
Payload Laboratories
Visible Emission Line Coronagraph(VELC) Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore
Solar Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (SUIT) Inter University Centre for Astronomy & Astrophysics , Pune
Aditya Solar wind Particle Experiment(ASPEX) Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad
Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space
Plasma Analyser Package For Aditya (PAPA)
Centre, Thiruvananthapuram
Solar Low Energy X-ray Spectrometer (SoLEXS)High Energy
U R Rao Satellite Centre, Bangalore
L1 Orbiting X-ray Spectrometer(HEL1OS)
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L1
14 92 Million Miles
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1. Satellite Separation 9. Heatshield Separation
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2. 2nd cut-off of PS4 10. PS2 Ignition
3. 2nd ignition of PS4 11. PS1 Separation
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4. 1st cut-off of PS4 12. Separation of 2 air-lit PSOMs
5. 1st ignition of PS4 13. Separation of 4 ground-lit PSOMs
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A 6. HPS3 Separation 14. Ignition of 2 air-lit PSOMs
d 1
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15. PS1 Ignition Ignition of 4 ground-lit PSOMs
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Launch
The launch of Aditya L1 mission took place
successfully on September 2, at 11:50 a.m.
IST. The Spacecraft was injected into the
intended orbit at about 12:54 p.m. IST.
The first earth bound burn is planned to take
place on September 3, at around 11:45 IST.
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Conclusion
Aditya L1 mission, successfully launched to study the Sun's corona and its influence on Earth, is a
major leap in solar science. This mission will enhance our understanding of the Sun, help protect Earth
from space weather, and stands as a testament to the ingenuity and dedication of the Indian Space
Research Organization.
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