TLE 4 (Teaching ICT as an
Exploratory Course)
BTVTED II-FSM/GFD
OBJECTIVES
• Define what is ICT.
• Understand the roles of ICT in Education and Learning.
• Define what is Computer.
• Understand the roles of Computer in ICT.
• Identify and give example of the Components of Computer.
• Discuss the uses and functions of the components of computer.
INTRODUCTION TO (ICT)
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
ICT is the technology
required for information
processing, in particular, the
use of electronic computers,
communication devices and
software applications to
convert, store, protect,
process, transmit and
retrieve information from
anywhere, anytime.
Information refers to the
knowledge obtained from
reading, investigation, study of INFORMATION
research. The tools to transmit
information are the telephone,
television, and radio.
Information is knowledge and
helps us fulfill our daily tasks.
Communication is an act of
transmitting messages. It is a
process whereby information is COMMUNICATION
exchanged between individuals
using symbols, signs or verbal
interactions. Communication is
important in order to gain
knowledge.
Technology is the use of
scientific knowledge, TECHNOLOGY
experience and resources to
create processes products that
fulfill human needs.
Technology is vital in
communication.
Role of ICT in Education
• Word processing
• Spreadsheet programming
• Data bases
• Graphing software
• Developing media kits
• Internet and e-mail facilities
• Games and simulations
Role of ICT in Learning
• Helps to provide interactive learning
experiences.
• Stimulate and motivate learners.
• Provide comfortable learning.
• ICT tools aids of in the understanding
of difficult concepts and processes.
• Caters to different learning styles.
• Helps students to gain valuable
computer skills.
• Aids in collaboration and group work.
Communication Technology
• Communication Technology refers to the tools,
systems, and platforms that facilitate the
transmission and exchange of information
between individuals or groups.
• It encompasses various forms such as
telephones, emails, social media, video
conferencing, and instant messaging.
• Information Technology is the study or use of
systems (especially computers and
telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and
sending information.
• The use of hardware, software, services, and
supporting infrastructures to manage and
deliver information using voice, data, and video.
Define what is Computer
• Computer is an electronic device that stores and
processes data / information according to a set of
instructions.
What is the role of Computer in ICT?
• Computers are critical for communication and are the
centerpiece of information technology.
• Electronic and mechanical devices in a
computer system.
• Computer equipment that can be seen
and touched.
COMPUTER SOFTWARE?
• Computer software is a program that enables a computer
to perform a specific task, as opposed to the physical
components of the system (hardware).
• Two main types of software – the Application Software
which helps accomplish our tasks such as creating
documents, editing photographs and etc. and the System
Software is the computer’s operating software, device
drivers, and utilities in the computer.
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
INPUT DEVICES / UNIT
• These components help users enter
data and commands into a computer
system.
• Data can be in the form of numbers,
words, actions, commands, etc.
KEYBOARD
MOUSE
SCANNER
CAMERA
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
3 ELEMENTS OF
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
• Memory Unit
• Arithmetic and Logic Unit
• Control Unit
• Once a user enters data using input devices, the computer system stores this data in
its Memory Unit. This data will now remain here until other components of CPU
process it. It uses a set of pre-programmed instructions to further transmit this data to
other parts of the CPU.
• Arithmetic and Logic Unit – this part of CPU performs arithmetic operations, it does
basic mathematical calculations like addition, subtraction, division, multiplication, etc.
It can even perform logical functions like the comparison of data.
• Control Unit is the backbone of computers. It is responsible for coordinating tasks
between all components of a computer system. It collects data from input units and
sends it to processing units depending on its nature. Transmits processed data to
output units for users.
PROCESSOR
• Processes data into useful information.
• It provides the instructions and processing power
the computer needs to do its work.
STORAGE DEVICE
• It is a hardware device that stores data.
• A storage device is any type of computing
hardware that is used for storing, porting or
extracting data files and objects. Storage devices
can hold and store information both temporarily
and permanently. They may be internal or external
to a computer, server or computing device.
MAIN MEMORY
• Where data and instructions are stored during
processing by the processor.
• Main memory is the primary, internal workspace in
the computer, commonly known as RAM (random
access memory). Specifications such as 4GB, 8GB,
12GB and 16GB almost always refer to the capacity
of RAM.
TWO TYPES OF MAIN MEMORY
• RAM (Random Access Memory)
• ROM (Read-Only Memory)
RAM (Random Access Memory)
ROM (Read-Only Memory)
BYTES
A unit of measurement of
memory.
Amount of space used to save
one character or one value.
Kilobytes (KB) – 1 thousand bytes
Megabyte (MB) – 1 million bytes
Gigabytes (GB) – 1 billion bytes
8 bits = 1 byte
INTERNAL HARD DISK / DRIVE
• An internal hard drive is the primary storage device located
inside a computer system. It usually contains pre-installed
software applications, the operating system and other files.
MOTHERBOARD
OUTPUT DEVICES / UNIT
• Hardware device that lets user see data being input
or final document.
• Displays, prints, or transmits the result of processing
from the computer memory.
PRINTER
MODEM
PORT
