Political System Process
and
Forms of Government
Presented by:
Armour Jayed DG. Emperador
Contents
01 WHAT IS POLITICAL SYSTEM
02 WHAT IS A STATE AND ITS FUNCTIONS
03 FUNCTIONS OF POLITICAL
04 SYSTEM
FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
05 SIMILARITIES AND
DISSIMILARITIES OF
DEMOCRACY AND
06 POLITICAL SYSTEM PROCESS AND
TOTALITARIANISM
FORM OF GOVERNMENT IN THE
07 PHILIPPINES
CONCLUSION
Political SystemP
• The political system is a procedure of
political activities, rules, assumptions,
A Political System is one of the social customs behaviors, and a working system.
institutions that originate, enforce, and • A political institution is an institution with a
practice laws distribute power, set a working procedure allocation of power and
ascertaining leadership rights.
society’s agenda, and make decisions.
• The state is the biggest political institution.
State
P
The state is a political institution of definite
territory, organized government, population, and Functions of the State:
sovereign power.
A state is formed with these four elements: • Social control
• Defense
• Population
• Definite territory • Welfare
• Government
• Sovereignty
The Functions of a Political System P
In 1960, Almond and Coleman gathered three core Similarly, Eisenstadt (1966) has classified the
functions of a political system which include: functions of a political system as:
• Maintaining Integration of Society by Determining Norms
• Legislative
• Adapting and Changing Elements of Social, Economic,
Religious Systems for Achieving Collective Goals
• Decision-making
• Protecting the Integrity of the Political System from Outside
Threats • Administrative
Forms MONARCHY DEMOCRACY OLIGARCHY
of
Govern
ment AUTHORITARI
AN
TOTALITARIAN
Monarchy
Features of Monarchy:
Monarchy is a form of government or political
system in which a representative (called the king or • Monarchical Power is Lifelong
queen or emperor) from a single family rules from
generation to generation • The Monarchical Title is Transferred Hereditarily
Types of Monarchy • The monarch embodies the identity of his Nation
• Constitutional Monarchy • Provision of Regent
• Absolute Monarchy
Democracy
Features of Democracy:
The word ‘democracy’ is derived from two Greek
words, ‘demos’ which means ‘the people, and • It is based on equality
‘kratia’ which means ‘power’. • It is based on liberty
• It is responsible government
Democracy is the most popular form of government or • It promotes interest of all
political system in the modern world. It is often said to • Change in government by peaceful manner
be the best and most civilized form of the political • It has educative value
system in which everyone has a share. • Individual liberty and state power are balanced
• Peaceful co-existence
Oligarchy
Features of Oligarchy:
Any form of government in which a small
group (elites) rules and holds supreme power • Limited Participation
over a larger society or state is called the • Wealth and Influence
oligarchic political system. • Lack of Accountability
• Inequality and Social Stratification
• Stability and Continuity
Authoritarian
Features of Authoritarian:
• Small-sized legislature
• Control of the press
Authoritarian is the system of • Political Parties
government in which the state, controls • Limitations on political process
• Use of an ideology
and regulates people’s lives by • Rulers determine all decisions
permitting limited political participation • Dependence on coercion and force
• Less importance to rights and liberties
under strict control. • Authoritarianism can involve family rule or military rule
• Based on power and manipulations
• Bureau as the main tool of the rule of the rulers
• Use of Propaganda
• Rulers control public opinion
Totalitarian
Features of Totalitarianism:
Totalitarianism is a system of
• Official Ideology and Propaganda
government in which the state, • Aggressive Nationalism, Militarism, and Expansionism
excessively controls and regulates all • Single-Party Rule Led by a Dictator
aspects of the public and private lives of • Total Control of the Military
its citizens and where people are denied • Terroristic Police Force
rights to select their representatives. • Control Over Means of Communication
• State Control of the Economy
Democracy Totalitarian
ism
FORM OF
GOVERNMENT
LEADER
POWER OF THE
PEOPLE
PUBLIC VOICE
ELECTION
PEOPLE-FRIENDLY
POLITICAL SYSTEM
Political System Process and Form of Government
in the Philippines
Branches of the Government
The Philippines is governed as a unitary • Executive Branch
• Legislative Branch
state under a presidential representative
• Judicial Branch
and democratic constitutional republic in
which the president functions as both the
head of state and the head of government
of the country within a pluriform multi- Local Government System
party system. • Regions
• Provinces
• Cities and Municipalities
• Barangays
Conclusion
Throughout history, political systems have undergone significant evolution,
adapting to the dynamic social, economic, and technological changes that
have shaped human civilization. From ancient tribal councils to modern
democracies, the development of political systems reflects humanity's
continual quest for effective governance structures that balance stability,
justice, and freedom. As we navigate the complexities of the 21st century, the
evolution of political systems continues to be a dynamic and ongoing
process, driven by the imperative of creating a more equitable and
sustainable form of governance.
Thank you
for
listening!
References
1. CFR Education. (2020, October 26). Forms of Government [Video]. YouTube.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=123456789.
2. M. Libraries (2016). Sociology: Understanding and Changing the Social World. Retrieved from
https://open.lib.umn.edu/sociology/chapter/14-2-types-of-political-systems/.
3. Sujan (2018,July 18). What is Political System? Definition, Functions, and Types. Retrieved from
https://tyonote.com/political_system/.
4. Politics of the Philippines. In Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_the_Philippines" \t "_blank".
