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Homeostasis Mechanisms in Physiology

The document discusses homeostasis and how the body maintains stable internal conditions. Homeostasis is maintained through various physiological mechanisms and negative and positive feedback loops. Disruptions to homeostasis can result in disease. The musculoskeletal system also plays an important role in homeostasis through motility, obtaining nutrition, and protection from surroundings.

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74 views32 pages

Homeostasis Mechanisms in Physiology

The document discusses homeostasis and how the body maintains stable internal conditions. Homeostasis is maintained through various physiological mechanisms and negative and positive feedback loops. Disruptions to homeostasis can result in disease. The musculoskeletal system also plays an important role in homeostasis through motility, obtaining nutrition, and protection from surroundings.

Uploaded by

mishal.sarosh75
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Homeostasis

[Link] Hafiz
Physiology Department
UCMD,UOL.
Learning outcomes
At the end of 1 hour interactive session
students are expected to:

• Define homeostasis

• Describe homeostatic mechanism of the


major functional systems.
Extracellular Fluid transport
Why extracellular fluid is
called the internal
environment of the body?
Homeostasis:
• Homeo = same;
• Stasis = standing

Definition:
Homeostasis :

Maintenance of nearly constant conditions

in the internal environment (ECF).


Homeostasis
Maintained by functions performed by all

organs & tissues of body.

Essential for the survival of each cell


Homeostasis

• Homeostasis is NOT a fixed rigid state

• A dynamic state

• Changes that occur are minimized by

compensatory physiological mechanisms


Maintaninence of homeostasis
• Ions , nutrients, waste products and other
constituents of the body

• Normally regulated within normal range of


values rather than fixed values
What is disease?

A state of disrupted homeostasis


Homeostasis: staying on the track by proper
role of accelerator & brakes!
Accelerator & Brakes (positive & negative
feedback loops): lack of control  disaster!
Musculoskeletal System:
Q: How musculoskeletal system plays its
role in homeostasis?
Thanks to Musculo-skeletal system!
(Role in homeostasis):
• Motility for protection against adverse surroundings:
• Motility to obtain food for nutrition:
Difference between
homeostasis & hemostasis
Hemostasis
Homeostasis
• Cessation
Maintenance of of
bleeding
nearly constant conditions
in the internal environment.
Reference:
Guyton & Hall 14th Edition Pg:4-6
Physiology lecture# 2
Learning objectives
• Describe the characteristic of control
system of the body.
• Describe the negative feedback
mechanism.
• Describe the positive feedback
• mechanism.
• Describe the feed forward mechanism.
Control systems of the body
are divided in to two classes:
Intrinsic control:
• Within the organ to control individual parts of
an organ
OR
Extrinsic control
• Operate throughout the entire body to control
interrelationship between the organs
Accomplished by nervous and endocrine
systems.
In order to maintain homeostasis,
control system must be able to:
• Detect deviations from normal in the internal
environment that need to be held in narrow
limits.

• Integrate this information with other relevant


information.

• Make appropriate adjustments in order to


restore factor to it’s desired value.
Negative feedback loop

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