LESSON
ENERGIZER
ILNEPC
PENCIL
URERL
RULER
AWS
SAW
MERMHA
HAMMER
SAFETY PRACTICES IN
WOODING/CARPENTRY
Learning objective: After reading this module, you should be able to:
1. Observe safety precautions to prevent personal injury that will carry
on through life.
2. Create their own reflection paper.
3. Express ideas in oral requestioning through virtual interaction.
SAFETY PRACTICES IN WOOD
WORKING/CARPENTRY
1. Always notify the teacher when someone is hurt, for prompt first aid and
treatment.
2. When handling over a sharp tool to someone, offer its handle first.
3. Use safety glasses or goggles to protect your eyes.
4. Stands firmly on your legs when lifting heavy objects.
5. Hold sharp cutting tools are in good condition.
6. Avoid using dull or broken tools.
7. Make sure that the tools are in good condition.
8. Avoid placing nails or any piece of hardware in your mouth.
9. Avoid throwing any tool to anybody. Hand it over
10. Keep the working area free from waste materials such as shavings, sawdust,
COMPUTATION OF
BOARDFOOT
BOARD MEASURE – is the term to indicate that the
board foot is the unit of measurement for most
lumber items. A board foot is defined as a piece one
inch thick (nominal) by one foot wide (nominal) by
one foot long (actual) or its equivalent. For instance a
2 x 6 also equals one board foot for each foot of
length. Board footage Is calculated by multiplying the
nominal thickness in inches (T) by the nominal width
inches (W) by the actual length in feet (L) and
dividing by 12.
The formula is: T x W x L = Board ft.12 Where: T=
nominal thickness inches W = nominal width in inches
L = length in feet.
1. no of pcs. x T” x W” x L” = BOARDFOOT
- 12 x 12
EX: 2 pcs x 1” x 12” x 10’ = 20 Bdft
2. no of pcs. x T” x W” x L” = BOARDFOOT
- 12
EX: 2 pcs x 1” x 12” x 10’ = 20 Bdft
3. no of pcs. x T” x W” x L” = BOARDFOOT
EX: 2 pcs x 1” x 12” x 10’ = 20 Bdft
Example 1: A 4/4 board 8 inches wide and 8 feet long has
5.33 [Link].
8 in x 8ft x 1in 8 in x 96in x 1in
12 = 5.33 [Link] – or 144 =
5.33 [Link]
Example 2: An 8/4 board 8 inches wide and 10 feet long has
11.67 [Link].
7 x 10 x 2 8x9x1
12 = 11.67 [Link]. – or 144 = 11.67 [Link]
TOOLS, MACHINE AND
EQUIPMENT’S AND THEIR
USES
TOOTH CUTTING TOOLS
CROSS CUT SAW – used to cut wood across the grain.
RIP SAW – used to cut wood along the grain.
BACKSAW – used to cut wood into pieces at an angle. Has a thin blade, a metal
back back that makes it stiff and smaller teeth than those of crosscut saw.
KEY- HOLE SAW – used to cut small arcs, circles and holes.
COPING SAW – a curved cutter, good for cutting tin woods and plastic.
HACK SAW – a fine–tooth saw used to cut hard objects such as hardwoods and
metals, pipes and other objects made of metal.
EDGE CUTTING TOOLS
JACK PLANE – the most useful, all around plane used on both rough and smooth
flat surfaces.
BLOCK PLANE – a small plane with a single plane which is used to smoothen end
grains and for light trimming
JOINTER PLANE – the longest among common plane. This is use to flatten
uneven wood surfaces faster. Best for planning edges to be glued.
SMOOTH PLANE – is shorter than jack plane. It is used for smoothing wood
surfaces.
CHISELS – there is two types of chisel namely the tang firmer chisel and the socket
firmer chisel which are classified by how the blade is attached to the handle, used for
cutting along and across the grain of the wood; it is classified as a knife because of
its razor – sharp edge.
FIRMER CHISEL SOCKET FIRMER CHISEL
SPOKE SHAVE – a small plane like tool used to cut irregular shape objects; has two
handles and small cutting blade.
DRIVING TOOLS
CLAW HAMMER – used to drive and pull out nails.
SCREW DRVERS – used to tighten and loosen screws.
MALLET – used to drive wooden handed tools
BORING TOOLS
DRILL BIT – used to bore small holes on thin pieces of wood and othe fibrous
materials.
AUGER BIT – used to bore big holes ranging from ¼ “ to 1”.
GIMLET – used to bore guide holes for screws.
TESTING TOOLS
TRY SQUARE – used to test the square of small pieces.
FRAMING SQUARE – used to square big projects such as squaring the foundation of sides of a
furtniture.
PLUMB BOB – used to check vertical alignment.
SPIRIT LEVEL – used to check horizontal alignment.
COMBINATION SQUARE - used also for squaring as it is also used for
determining the 45 degree angle of wood
MEASURING TOOLS
RULER – is a one foot long measuring tools.
WOOD RULE/ ZIG ZAG RULE – a measuring tools usually 6 feet long and made of wood.
PULL – PUSH RULE/ STEEL RULE – a measuring tools made of metal.
HOLDING TOOLS
AUGER BRACE – this is classified as a holding tools as it does not actually bore a holes but holds the
auger bit which is real boring tools.
VISE – is a versatile tool that holds a piece of wood being worked on it.
PLIERS – are mainly used for holding.
C – CLAMP – used to hold piece of wood.
BENCH VISE – attach to the bench.
SCREW CLAMP – used to clamp wood joints.
BAR CLAMP/ CABINET CLAMP – to clamp two or more pieces of wood.
MITER CLAMP – used to clamp 45 degree.
MACHINE VISE – used in the automotive.
LINING TOOLS
MARKING GAUGE – the best tool to scribe lines along the grain of a piece of wood.
CHALK LINE – it used to make straight line on a surface.
CHEMICAL – it used oil/ battery, to make line in a large surface.
PENCIL – common lining tools.
GAUGE – is the process of making straight line on the surface or edge.
SHARPENING TOOLS
GRIND STONE OR WHEEL – tools used to grind the edge of a tool until the desired sharpness is
attained.
OILSTONE – it is sharpened further in oilstone using oil or water.
TRIANGULAR FILE – is a specialized tool for trimming and sharpening edges. Its
unique, three - sided design makes it a great tool for sharpening hard–to–reach
places such as saw teeth.
MISCELLANEOUS TOOLS
BRUSHES – these are used for painting and varnishing usually made of bristles, hair and plastics.
SCRATCH OWL – is a pointed tool used to scratch marks or lines on a surface.
POWER TOOLS
POWER TOOLS – these make our works done faster in a short periods of time.
PORTABLE PORTABLE JIGSAW
ELECTRICAL DRILL CIRCULAR SAW
- used for irregular saw
- this is used to hold drill curved.
- is a worthwhile tool
bits to drill small holes on for cutting sheets of
wood or on metals. plywood and hard
boards in very fast rate.
PORTABLE MACHINE – can be used and carried anywhere and operated by electricity.
PORTABLE PLANER
PORTABLE SANDER
PORTABLE GRINDER
- used for smoothing
- used to smoothen a wood lumbers.
- used for sanding/
surface to a smooth finish in
grinding metals.
a short period of time
PORTABLE BELT PORTABLE
PORTABLE ROUTER
SANDER FINISHING SANDER
- used for designing the
- used for smoothing - used for smoothing
edges and surfaces
surfaces straight surfaces
WOOD MACHINES
WOOD MACHINE – is also considered a power tool because this are all run by electricity.
STATIONARY MACHINES – a machine that is permanently installed in a certain shop.
DRILL PRESS CIRCULAR SAW JIGSAW
- This machine is an - this is a large power - Is safe and easy to
expensive wood machine. It tool with a fast moving use. This machine is
is used for drilling jobs, circular blade with teeth much like that coping
grinding, routing, carving, around the edge used to saw. It cut big and small
dove tailing and others. cut a straight line. arcs and circles with
great accuracy and
speed.
WOOD LATHE DISC SANDER
- it is a power tool used
- Is it sometimes called to smooth surfaces by
wood turning lathe abriasion with sand
because it turns a piece paper. Sanders have a
of wood and is sharp means to attach the sand
chisels. paper and a mechanism
to move it rapidly
contained with a housing
with means to hand hold
it or fix it to a
workbench.
THANKS FOR
LISTENING
