Management is defined…
Coordinating work activities so that they
are completed efficiently and effectively
with and through other people.
ES 421 - Engineering Management 1
Efficiency is defined…
Getting the most output from the least
amount of inputs
“doing things right”
ES 421 - Engineering Management 2
Effectiveness is defined…
Completing activities so that
organizational goals are attained.
“doing the right things”
ES 421 - Engineering Management 3
Efficiency (Means) Effectiveness (Ends)
Resource
ResourceUsage
Usage Goal
GoalAttainment
Attainment
Low Waste High Attainment
Management
ManagementStrives
Strivesfor:
for:
•High
•Highefficiency
efficiency
•High
•Higheffectiveness
effectiveness
ES 421 - Engineering Management 4
Managers is defined…
Someone who works with and through
other people by coordinating their work
activities in order to accomplish
organizational goals.
ES 421 - Engineering Management 5
Classification of Managers
Top
Managers
Middle Managers
First-Line Managers
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First-Line Managers
Managers at the lowest level of the
organization who manage the work of
non-managerial employees who are
directly involved with the production or
creation of the organization’s products.
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Middle Managers
Managers between the first line level and
the top level of the organization who
manage the work of first-line managers
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Top Managers
Managers at or near the top level of the
organization who are responsible for
making organization-wide decisions and
establishing the goals and plans that
affect the entire organization.
ES 421 - Engineering Management 9
Specific Categorization Schemes of
Management
Functions
Roles
Skills
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Management Functions
Planning
involves defining goals, establishing strategies
for achieving those goals, and developing plans
to integrate and coordinate activities.
Organizing
Involves determining what tasks are to be done,
who is to do them, how the tasks are to be
grouped, who reports to whom, and where
decisions are to be done.
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Mgt. Functions…
Leading
Involves motivating subordinates, influencing
individuals or teams as they work, selecting the
most effective communication channels, or
dealing in any way with employee behavior
issues.
Controlling
Involves monitoring actual performance,
comparing actual to standard, and taking action,
if necessary
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Management Roles
(Accdg. To Mintzberg)
Interpersonal
Involves people and other duties that are
ceremonial and symbolic in nature.
Informational
Involves receiving, collecting, and disseminating
information
Decisional
Revolves around making decisions
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Management Skills
(by Robert L. Katz)
Technical Skills
Knowledge of and proficiency in a specialized field
Conceptual Skills
The ability to think and to conceptualize about
abstract and complex situations
Human Skills
The ability to work well with other people
individually and in a group
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Skills Needed at Diff. Mgt. Levels
Top
Managers
Middle Conceptual Technical Human
Managers Skills Skills Skills
First-Line
Managers
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Management Skills
(American Mgt. Assoc.)
Conceptual Skills
Ability to use information to solve business
problems
Identification of opportunities for innovation
Recognizing problems
Selecting critical information from masses of
data
Understanding of business uses of technology
ES 421 - Engineering Management 16
Management Skills…
(by Robert L. Katz)
Communication Skills
Ability to transform ideas into words and actions
Credibility among colleagues, peers, and
subordinates
Listening and asking questions
Presentation skills: spoken format
Presentation skills: written and/or graphic
formats
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Management Skills…
(by Robert L. Katz)
Effectiveness skills
Contributing to corporate mission/departmental
objectives
Customer/Client focus
Multitasking: working at multiple tasks in parallel
Negotiating skills
Project management
Time Management
Reviewing operations and implementing
improvements
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Management Skills…
(by Robert L. Katz)
Interpersonal Skills
Coaching and mentoring skills
Diversity skills: working with diverse people and
cultures
Networking within and outside the organization
Working in teams: cooperation and commitment
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