POVERTY ALLEVIATION
PROGRAMME
PRESNTED BY MOHAMED ALTHAF K
Introduction
Poverty is the major socioeconomic issue in India . Its reduction has been one
of the major goals of India's development planning.
In Indian economy , several programs have been introduced to alleviate poverty
in India.
Poverty alleviation & employment generation is one of the guiding principles of
the planning process in India.
Poverty alleviation programmes have been designed from time to time to
enlarge the income-earning opportunities for the poor.
POVERTY
Poverty is a state of financial deprivation where individuals lack the
resources to meet basic needs such as food, shelter, and healthcare.
It encompasses inadequate income, limited access to education and
employment, and social exclusion
Poverty traps people in cycles of hardship, hindering their ability to
improve their living conditions and participate fully in society.
POVERTY ALLEVIATION PROGRAMMES
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
(MGNREGA):Enacted in 2005, MGNREGA guarantees 100 days of wage
employment in a financial year to rural households whose adult members
volunteer to do unskilled manual work. It aims to enhance livelihood security in
rural areas by providing employment and strengthening rural infrastructure.
Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY):Launched in 2014, PMJDY is a
financial inclusion program aimed at ensuring access to financial services such
as banking and deposit accounts, remittances, credit, insurance, and pensions to
the excluded sections of society, particularly the poor and marginalized.
National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM): NRLM, launched in 2011, aims to
reduce poverty by promoting self-employment and organization of rural poor
households into self-help groups (SHGs) and their federations. It provides support for
skill development, access to credit, and market linkages to enhance livelihood
opportunities.
Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana (PMAY): PMAY, launched in 2015, aims to provide
affordable housing to the urban and rural poor. It includes components such as credit-
linked subsidies, beneficiary-led construction, and affordable housing in partnership
with public and private sectors.
National Food Security Act (NFSA): Enacted in 2013, NFSA aims to provide food
and nutritional security by ensuring access to subsidized food grains to eligible
households through the Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS), maternity
benefits, and nutritional support to pregnant women and lactating mothers.
National Rural Health Mission (NRHM): Launched in 2005, NRHM
(renamed as National Health Mission) aims to provide accessible, affordable,
and quality healthcare to rural populations, particularly the poor and vulnerable,
through a network of health infrastructure, human resources, and community
participation.
Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS):ICDS, initiated in 1975, is
one of the world's largest community-based programs aimed at improving the
health, nutrition, and development of children under six years of age and
pregnant and lactating mothers. It provides supplementary nutrition, healthcare,
and preschool education services.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, poverty alleviation programs in India play a crucial role in
addressing the multifaceted challenges faced by the impoverished population.
These initiatives, such as MGNREGA, PMJDY, NRLM, PMAY, NFSA, ICDS,
and NRHM, aim to provide employment, financial inclusion, livelihood
support, housing, food security, healthcare, and social services to vulnerable
communities. While significant progress has been made, continued efforts and
innovations are essential to ensure inclusive and sustainable development,
fostering economic empowerment and social inclusion for all segments of
society. Through collaborative efforts between the government, civil society,
and private sector, India can continue its journey towards reducing poverty and
improving the well-being of its citizens.
Reference
Ramesh singh 2019. Indian economy : for civil service
training (mc graw hill education)
