DRILL PIPE INSPECTION CHART
BOX TOOL JOINT UP SET/SLIP DRILL PIPE BODY UP SET PIN TOOL JOINT
VISUAL INSPECTION MAGNETIC PARTICLE VISUAL BODY INSPECTION MAGNETIC PARTICLE
Evaluate condition of seal, INSPECTION To determine general condition of pipe, INSPECTION
threads, hard facing and To detect transverse and including internal plastic coating and pipe To detect transverse and
bevel three dimensional straightness. three dimensional IDENTIFICATION
flaws on the external tube flaws on the external tube Stencils at the base of the pin or mill slot
surface. surface. showing company symbol, month/year
welded, pipe mill and drill pipe grade.
FULL LENGTH DIAMETER GAUGING
DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION To detect wear, crushing and necking
VISUAL INSPECTION
Measurements of OD, tong space,
Evaluate the condition of seal, threads,
shoulder flatness, box shoulder and
ULTRASONIC hard banding and bevel.
seal counter bore depth and ID. ULTRASONIC
INSPECTION ULTRASONIC WALL THICKNESS INSPECTION
To detect transverse and MEASUREMENT To detect transverse and
three dimensional flaws on To detect wear, crushing , necking and wall loss DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION
three dimensional flaws on
the internal and external Includes measurements of pin ID, tong
the internal and external
WET tube surface. space, thread profile, bevel diameter and
tube surface.
MAGNETIC PARTICLE ELECTROMAGNETIC INSPECTION shoulder flatness.
INSPECTION To detect transverse and three dimensional
To detect transverse and three flaws, pitting and cracks.
dimensional flaws of threads WET MAGNETIC PARTICLE
INSPECTION
POINTS TO REMEMBER Gauging points To detect transverse and three dimensional
[Link] meeting with client for surface preparation , waving option&Category [Link] gauge : NC 23- 56= 2TPF,4TPI V.038 flaws of threads
[Link] must be removed before inspection & Bent pipe inspect only after straightening 2. 2 3/8 Reg- 4 ½ Reg=3 TPF,5 TPI,V.040
[Link] grade& weight on slot, pin neck or traceability document if no reject
[Link] bevel width 1/32” 3. 6 5/8Reg,5 ½ FH,6 5/8 FH= 2 TPF,4TPI,V.050
[Link] on seal surface > 1/32” or >20 % of seal width –Reject 4. 7 5/8 Reg,8 5/8 Reg= 3 TPF,4TPI,V.050
[Link] on seal (non API)> 1/32 AND > 30 % of seal width- Reject 5. 6 5/8 H90-=2 TPF, 3.5 TPI,90-V.050
[Link] band missing or broken > 1/8” – Reject 6. 7 H90=3 TPF,3.5 TPI,90V.050
[Link] probe parting line perpendicular to pipe axis.
HEVY WATE DRILL PIPE INSPECTION CHART
CENTER WEAR PAD & UPSET
BOX TOOL JOINT UP SET UP SET PIN TOOL JOINT
VISUAL BODY INSPECTION
VISUAL INSPECTION To determine general condition of pipe,
WET MAGNETIC including internal plastic coating and pipe MAGNETIC PARTICLE VISUAL INSPECTION
Evaluate condition of seal, PARTICLE INSPECTION Evaluate the condition of
threads, counter bore, hard straightness. INSPECTION
To detect transverse and To detect transverse and seal, threads, stress relief
facing and bevel three dimensional and bevel.
three dimensional
flaws on the external tube CENTER WEAR PAD & HARD FACING flaws on the external tube
surface. DIAMETER GAUGING surface.
DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION To check wear properties DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION
Measurements of OD, box counter Includes measurements of pin ID,
bore, bevel diameter, tong space, tong space, thread profile, bevel
bore back and shoulder flatness. TALLY LENGTH AND RECORD SERIAL NUMBER diameter, stress relief grove and
shoulder flatness.
POINTS TO REMEMBER
WET WET MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION
MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION [Link] existing [Link],put the coil in the same direction To detect transverse and three dimensional flaws
To detect transverse and three dimensional of threads, tong area and stress relief groove.
flaws of threads, bore back and tong area. [Link] the application of indicator before switch of the power
[Link] thickness at imperfection area should not less than
ATI [ACFM] INSPECTION (Optional)
80 % of adjacent wall ( as per DS-1) To detect transverse and three dimensional flaws in threads
and stress relief groove.
[Link] broken hard band not more than 1/8”.( DS-1)
DRILL COLLAR INSPECTION CHART
BOX TOOL JOINT SLIP GROOVE & ELEVATOR BODY PIN TOOL JOINT
GROOVE RECESS
VISUAL BODY INSPECTION
VISUAL INSPECTION To detect obvious damage, general condition and
VISUAL AND straightness VISUAL INSPECTION
Evaluate condition of seal,
DIMENSIONAL Evaluate the condition of seal,
threads, counterbore, bore back,
Dimensional verification of threads, stress relief groove
hard facing and bevel
OD, recess depth and length, and bevel.
visual of elevator shoulder. TALLY LENGTH AND RECORD SERIAL NUMBER
DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION
Measurements of OD, box counter POINTS TO REMBER Includes measurements of pin ID,
bore, bevel diameter, tong space, bore WET MAGNETIC bevel diameter, thread profile,
back, box swell , shoulder flatness and PARTICLE stress relief groove, and shoulder
Bending strength ratio. INSPECTION [Link] tong space (pin &box)= 10 inch flatness.
To detect transverse and
three dimensional flaws of [Link] ; OD < 6”= 1.8-2.5, OD 6-7 7/8”=2.25-2.75,OD > 8=2.5-3.2
radii prior to elevator
WET shoulder [Link] inspection on pin ID WET MAGNETIC PARTICLE
MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION INSPECTION
To detect transverse and three dimensional ELEVATOR RECESS DEPTH ( In inches): To detect transverse and three dimensional
flaws of threads, bore back and tong area. flaws of threads, tong area and stress relief
OD 4- 4.5/8 = 3/16 , 4 ¾ - 5 5/8 = 7/32 , 5 ¾ - 6 5/8 = 9/32 groove.
6 ¾ - 8 5/8 = 11/32 , >8¾ = 13/32
STABILISER and SUBS INSPECTION CHART
BOX TOOL JOINT
VISUAL INSPECTION
Evaluate condition of seal, threads, BODY CRITICAL AREAS/ UPSET/ BLADE/ ROLLERS PIN TOOL JOINT
counterbore, bore back, hard facing and bevel
INTERNAL and EXTERNAL VISUAL EXAMINATION
To determine overall condition of tool, including obvious external surface damage and internal condition.
VISUAL INSPECTION
DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION Evaluate the condition of seal,
Measurements of OD, box counter bore, bevel threads, stress relief groove
diameter, tong space/ fishing neck, bore back, box DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION and bevel.
swell, shoulder flatness and BSR. To MEASURE OR Go-No-Go Gaging of ID,OD, fishing neck and Body including Ring Gauging
DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION
WET
WET MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION OF EXTERNAL SURFACE OF FULL BODY Includes measurements of pin ID,
MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION
To detect longitudinal, transverse and three dimensional flaws bevel diameter, thread profile,
To detect transverse and three dimensional flaws of
stress relief groove, and shoulder
threads, bore back and tong area.
flatness.
TALLY LENGTH AND RECORD SERIAL NUMBER
POINTS TO REMEMBER: STABILISER ( DS-1 std) WET
MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION
[Link] pin and box tong space = twice OD length or 12” SUBS ( DS-1 standard) To detect transverse and three dimensional flaws of
which ever higher, for near bit stab. Down conn. Tong threads, stress relief area and tong area.
space mini.7” Type A( B x B)= 24” , ( P x P)= 12” , ( P x B) =16”
[Link] cut not more than 10% of [Link] Type B : Fishing neck= 18” & tong space= 7”
[Link] body MPI from shoulder to shoulder Subs above NC 38, connect to BHA must have SRG & BB
[Link] no more than 1/16” [Link] OD and ring gage ( no waving) except special subs where no BB required
TUBING INSPECTION CHART
TUBE BODY ( INTERNAL and EXTERNAL)
COUPLING SLIP/UP SET UP SET PIN
INTERNAL and EXTERNAL SURFACE
EXAMINATION IDENTIFICATION
VISUAL THREAD INSPECTION ULTRASONIC To determine general condition of tubing, including MAGNETIC PARTICLE To identify manufactures
Evaluate condition of seal, bevel and INSPECTION tubing straightness. INSPECTION marking/hard stamp on taper
threads [IF INTERNAL UPSET IS To detect transverse and [ showing company symbol
PRESENT] three dimensional tube grade and serial
To detect transverse and FULL LENGTH DRIFTING flaws on the external tube number.
WET MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION three dimensional To determine ID Variations surface.
To detect transverse and longitudinal flaws flaws on the external tube
surface. VISUAL THREAD INSPECTION
Evaluate condition of seal, bevel and
FULL LENGTH DIAMETER GAUGING threads
DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION To determine wear, crushing and necking
Dimension Check of OD for wear. Dimension Inspection
of Connection as per Properties Field Inspection
Requirements. WET MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION
ULTRASONIC THICKNESS MEASUREMENTS
To detect transverse and longitudinal flaws
To detect wear
Field inspection of new Casing and Tubing
ELECTROMAGNETIC INSPECTION
As per API RP 5A5 ;Non API connection as per To detect transverse and three dimensional flaws, pitting and crack DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION
OEM Dimension Check of OD for wear. Dimension Inspection
of Connection as per Properties Field Inspection
Requirements.
Used Casing and Tubing Inspection as per API 5C1;
Non API connection as per OEM
HOISTING and HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
CROWN ASSEMBLY CATEGORY III INSPECTION CATEGORY IV INSPECTION
CROWN SUPPORT BEAM
LOAD BEARING
CROWN ASSEMBLY PAD EYES
PIN HOLES AND SAFETY PINS WELD JOINTS DISASSEMBLY DISASSEMBLY
PAD EYES AND KING To Evaluate wear or carry out NDT at some In a suitably equipped facility , to Evaluate wear or
SPREADERS primary load bearing areas carry out NDT at all primary load bearing areas
GRITS AND BRACINGS PINS
MONKEY BOARD
A- FRAMES
SHEAVES AND SURFACE PREPARATION
SURFACE PREPARATION
STABBING BOARD All foreign material such as dirt, paint , grease, oil,
WORKING PLAT FORM scale , etc. shall be removed from the concerned
All foreign material such as dirt, paint , grease, oil,
LIFTING PAD EYES scale , etc. shall be removed from the concerned
LADDERS parts by suitable method [ Grit blasting, Paint-
RAISING AND TELESCOPIC SYSTEM TRAVELLING BLOCKS AND stripping or Steam Cleaning ]
parts by suitable method [ Grit blasting, Paint-
HOOKS stripping or Steam Cleaning ]
MAST MAIN FRAME WELD JOINTS
BLOCK TO HOOK
MAST GUIDES VISUAL INSPECTION
ANCHORS ADAPTERS VISUAL INSPECTION
Evaluate the condition of Body , Hinge or Weld
DRILLING HOOK Evaluate the condition of Body , Hinge ,All primary load
SUBSTRUCTURE SHOES AND PEDESTALS Areas
bearing areas and Weld Areas
ELEVATOR LINKS
SUB- SPREADERS AND ROTARY BEAMS
CASING, TUBING,
DRAW WORKS
ROTARY TABLE DRILL PIPE, AND DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION
TRAVELLING BLOCK DRILL COLLAR Measurements of OD [ Elevator bails ], ID Bore DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION
MOTOR ASSEMBLY ELEVATORS [ Slips, Elevators etc., ] to evaluate the extend of Measurements of OD [ Elevator bails ], ID Bore [ Slips,
wear that exceeds manufacture’s allowable Elevators etc.] to evaluate the extend of wear that exceeds
PULSATION DAMPENER SUCKER ROD
tolerances. manufacture’s allowable tolerances.
ACCUMULATOR ASSEMBLY ELEVATORS
ELEVATOR BAILS
KELLY SPINNERS
SAFETY CLAMPS WET WET
MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION
ROTARY SWIVELS To detect fatigue induced crack or significant To detect cracks, flaws, deformation ,fatigue induced crack
discontinuities at critical areas or primary load bearing or significant discontinuities at all critical areas and primary
areas of the components. load bearing areas of the components.
ROTARY SHOULDER CONNECTIONS
1st point of full thread depth The distance between the pin shoulder and the intersection of the pin base diameter with
the thread flank at the first point of full thread depth cannot exceed 1/2 inch [ 12 .7mm]
Thread run out
L BC
L BT
QC
L PC
ROTARY SHOULDER CONNECTIONS
Taper Diameter of Length Min. Box
Connection Thread Thread Box Conn.
Inches Counter of Pin thread
Number or Size Form per Inch Length L BC
per Foot Bore Qc L PC Length L BT
NC 26 V-0.038R 4 2 2-15/16 3 3-1/8 3-5/8
NC 31 V-0.038R 4 2 3-29/64 3-1/2 3-5/8 4-1/8
NC 35 V-0.038R 4 2 3-13/64 3-3/4 3-7/8 4-3/8
NC 38 V-0.038R 4 2 4-5/64 4 4-1/8 4-5/8
NC 40 V-0.038R 4 2 4-11/32 4-1/2 4-5/8 5-1/8
NC 44 V-0.038R 4 2 4-11/16 4-1/2 4-5/8 5-1/8
NC 46 V-0.038R 4 2 4-29/32 4-1/2 4-5/8 5-1/8
NC 50 V-0.038R 4 2 5-5/16 4-1/2 4-5/8 5-1/8
NC 56 V-0.038R 4 3 5-15/16 5 5-1/8 5-5/8
NC 61 V-0.038R 4 3 6-1/2 5-1/2 5-5/8 6-1/8
NC 70 V-0.038R 4 3 7-3/8 6 6-1/8 6-5/8
NC 77 V-0.038R 4 3 8-1/16 6-1/2 6-5/8 7-1/8
2-3/8 Reg V-0.040 5 3 2-11/16 3 3-1/8 3-5/8
2-7/8 Reg V-0.040 5 3 3-1/16 3-1/2 3-5/8 4-1/8
3-1/2 Reg V-0.040 5 3 3-9/16 3-3/4 3-7/8 4-3/8
4-1/2 Reg V-0.040 5 3 4-11/16 4-1/4 4-3/8 4-7/8
5-1/2 Reg V-0.050 4 3 5-37/64 4-3/4 4-7/8 5-3/8
6-5/8 Reg V-0.050 4 2 6-1/16 5 5-1/8 5-5/8
7-5/8 Reg V-0.050 4 3 7-3/32 5-1/4 5-3/8 5-7/8
8-5/8 Reg V-0.050 4 3 8-3/64 5-3/8 5-1/2 6
5-1/2 FH V-0.050 4 2 5-29/32 5 5-1/8 5-5/8
6-5/8 FH V-0.050 4 2 6-27/32 5 5-1/8 5-5/8
DRILL PIPE CLASSIFICATION
TUBE TOOL JOINT DRILL PIPE
Depth of Slip Minimum Remaining Diameter Torsional Final
cuts & Gouges Wall Thickness Variation Cracks Strength Classification
PREMIUM CLASS
> 10% of > 80% of + 3% of > 80% of Premium Based on the lowest
None class of Tube/ Tool
[Link] [Link] Specified OD Class Tube Joint
CLASS 2
>20% of > 70% of + 4% of
> 80% of Class 2 Based on the lowest
[Link] [Link] Specified OD None class of Tube/ Tool
Tube Joint
DRILL PIPE CLASSIFICATION
DIMENSIONAL ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR USED DRILL PIPES
NOMINAL DIMENSIONS PREMIUM CLASS
[Link] [Link]. ID
Nominal TOOL JOINT [ NC ] Minimum OD ( in)
(in) (lb/Ft) (in) Wall(mm) Nom. OD Nom. ID Wall(80%) Min Max
2-3/8 4.85 2 4.826 3-3/8 1-3/4 3.861 2-19/64 2-29/64
6.65 1-13/16 7.112 3-3/8 1-3/4 5.690
2-7/8 6.85 2-7/16 5.512 4-1/8 2-1/8 4.410 2-25/32 2-31/32
10.40 2-5/32 9.195 4-1/8 2-1/8 7.356
3-1/2 9.50 3 6.452 4-3/4 2-11/16 5.162 3-25/64 3-39/64
13.30 2-49/64 9.347 4-3/4 2-11/16 7.478
TOOL JOINT COND. BAND 15.50 2-19/32 11.405 5 2-9/16 9.124
TOOL JT. COND: COLOR 4 11.85 3-15/32 6.655 5-1/2 2-13/16 5.324 3-7/8 4-1/8
SCRAP RED 14.00 3-11/32 8.382 6 3-1/4 6.706
SHOP REPAIRABLE BLUE 15.70 3-15/64 9.652 6 3-1/4 7.722
FIELD REPAIRABLE GREEN 4-1/2 13.75 3-61/64 6.883 6-5/8 3-3/4 5.506 4-23/64 4-41/64
ACCEPTABLE WHITE 16.60 3-53/64 8.560 6-5/8 3-3/4 6.848
20.00 3-41/64 10.922 6-5/8 3-3/4 8.738
123 :M 10 2 22.82 3-1/2 12.700 6-5/8 3-5/8 10.160
123 INSP. SEQUENTIAL NUMBER 5 16.25 4-13/32 7.518 6.014 4-27/32 5-5/32
: FINAL CLASS
19.50 4-9/32 9.195 6-5/8 3-3/4 7.356
M COMPANY CODE
25.60 4 12.700 6-5/8 3-1/2 10.160
DS-1 Cat.
Company
10 MONTH INSPECTED
5-1/2 19.20 4-57/64 7.722 7 4 6.178 5-21/64 5-43/64
2 YEAR INSPECTED
date
21.90 4-25/32 9.170 7 4 7.336
24.70 4-43/64 10.541 7 4 8.433
6-5/8 25.20 5-31/32 8.382 8 5 6.706 6-27/64 6-53/64
27.70 5-29/32 9.195 8 5 7.356
ROTARY SHOULDER CONNECTIONS
Box End Pin End
Connection Bore Back Counter Bore Box Stress Relief Groove Maximum Pin
Length Diameter Width Diameter Depth Width Diameter Pin Length Length
9/16”
NC 38 (3-1/2 IF) 7”—7-3/4” 4-36/64”— 4-37/64” 4-9/64” ( Max.) 4-9/16” – 5” 23/32”—1-1/32” 4-31/64”— 4-33/64” 4-1/16” 3-7/8”- 4-1/16”
(Min.)
9/16”
NC 38 (3-1/2 IF) 7”—7-3/4” 4-36/64”— 4-37/64” 4-9/64” ( Max.) 4-9/16” – 5” 23/32”—1-1/32” 4-31/64”— 4-33/64” 4-1/16” 3-7/8”- 4-1/16”
(Min.)
9/16”
NC 46 (4 IF) 7-1/2”—8-1/4” 4-13/64”— 4-7/32” 4-31/32” ( Max.) 5-1/16”- 5-1/2” 23/32”—1-1/32” 4-19/64”— 4-21/64” 4-9/16” 4-3/8”-- 4-9/16”
(Min.)
9/16”
NC 50 (4-1/2 IF) 7-1/2”—8-1/4” 4-40/64”— 4-41/64” 5-3/8” ( Max.) 5-1/16”- 5-1/2” 23/32”—1-1/32” 4-45/64”— 4-47/64” 4-9/16” 4-3/8”– 4-9/16”
(Min.)
9/16”
4-1/2 REG 7-1/2”—8-1/4” 3-46/64”— 3-47/64” 4-3/4” ( Max.) 4-13/16”- 5-1/4” 23/32”—1-1/32” 4-63/64”— 5-1/64” 4-5/16” 4-1/8”- 4-5/16”
(Min.)
9/16”
5-1/2 REG 7-1/2”—8-1/4” 4-32/64”— 4-33/64” 5-41/64” ( Max.) 5-5/16” - 5-3/4” 23/32”—1-1/32” 4-53/64”— 4-55/64” 4-3/16” 4-5/8” –4-13/16”
(Min.)
9/16”
5-1/2 FH 8”— 8-3/4” 5-7/64”— 5-1/8” 5-61/64” ( Max.) 5-9/16” - 6” 23/32”—1-1/32” 5-7/32”— 5-1/4” 5-1/16” 4-7/8” --5-1/16”
(Min.)
9/16”
6-5/8 REG 8”— 8-3/4” 5-18/64”— 5-19/64” 6-3/32” ( Max.) 5-9/16”---6” 23/32”—1-1/32” 5-25/64”—5-27/64” 5-1/16” 4-7/8”--5-1/16”
(Min.)
9/16” 6-9/16” ( Max.)
NC 61 8-1/2”--9-1/4” 5-15/64”— 5-1/4” 6-1/16”--6-1/2” 23/32”—1-1/32” 5-53/64”— 5-55/64” 5-9/16” 5-3/8”--5-9/16”
(Min.)
9/16” 6-9/16” ( Max.)
6-5/8 FH 8”—8-3/4” 6-3/64”- 6-1/16” 5-9/16”—6” 23/32”—1-1/32” 6-9/64”— 6-11/64” 5-1/16” 4-7/8”--5-1/16”
(Min.)
9/16”
7-5/8 REG 8-1/2”—9-1/4” 5-55/64”— 5-56/64” 7-5/32” ( Max.) 5-13/16”-6-1/4” 23/32”— -1/32” 6-21/64”-6-23/64” 5-5/16” 5-1/8”--5-5/16”
( Min.)
LIST OF INSPECTION STANDARDS/SPECIFICATION As on 03/01/2010
[Link]. SPECIFICATION APPLICATION VOLUME CURRENTLY IN USE
DRILLING TUBULAR GOODS
1 API SPEC 7 Specification for Rotary Drill Stem Elements 40th -Mar 2002, Add1: Feb 2005
Add2: Mar 2006
2 API SPEC 7-2 Specification for threading and gauging of Rotary Shoulder connections First-Dec.2008
2 API RP 7G-2 Recommended Practice for Inspection and Classification of used Drill Stem Elemnts First-Aug 2009
3 API RP 7G Recommended Practice for Drill Stem Design and Operating Limits 16th -Dec 1998, Add:1 May
2004,Add.2 Sept.2009
4 API SPEC 5D Specification for Drill Pipe (New ) 5th - April 2002
5 API 5C2 Bulletin on performance properties of Casing, Tubing, Drill pipe 21st - Oct 1999
6 API RP 5B1 Gauging and Inspection of Casing, Tubing and Line pipe threads 5th - Oct 1999 Add: Sept 2004
7 API 2A LRFD Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore Platforms-Load and
1st - May 2003
Resistance Factor Design
8 API 5A3 Recommended Practice on Thread compounds for Casing, Tubing and Line pipe 2nd - July 2003
9 API SPEC 7-1 Specification for Rotary Drill Stem Elements 1st - Mar 2006
9 API 5C5 Recommended Practice on Procedures for testing Casing and Tubing connections 3rd - July 2003
10 API RP 5A5 Recommended Practice for field inspection of New Casing, Tubing and Plain end Drill pipe 7th - June 2005
11 API 5B Specification for threading, gauging, and thread inspection of Casing, Tubing and Line pipe threads 14th - Aug 1996 Add: Mar 2004
12 API 5B1 Gauging and Inspection of Casing, Tubing and Line pipe threads 5th - Oct 1999 Add: Sept 2004
13 API 5 C1 Recommended Practice for care and use of Casing and Tubing 18th - May 1999
14 API 5C3 Bulletin on formulas and calculations for Casing, Tubing, Drill pipe and Line Pipe proportion 6th - Oct 1994 Supl: Apr 1999
15 API 5 CT Specification for Casing and Tubing 8th - July 2005
16 API 5L Specification for Line Pipe 44th - Oct 2007
17 API 5T1 Standard on Imperfection Terminology 10th - Nov 1996
18 API 5C2 Bulletin on performance properties of Casing, Tubing, Drill pipe 21st - Oct 1999
DERRIKS AND MAST
19 API 4F Specification for drilling and w ell servicing structures 3rd - Jan 2008
20 API RP 4G Recommended Practice for maintenance and use of drilling and w ell servicing structures 3rd - Apr 2004
DRILLING AND
Recommended WELL SERVICING
Practice EQUIPMENT
for procedures for inspection, maintenance, repair and remanufacture of hoist
21 API RP 8B equipment 7th - June 2002 Add2: Apr 2004
22 API 8C Specification for drilling and production hoisting equipment 4th - Feb 2003 Add2: Apr 2005
23 API RP 7L Procedure for inspection, maintenance, repair and re-manufacturing of drilling equipment Dec 1995 Add:Apr 2006
25 API 7K Specification for drilling equipment 4th - June 2005 Add: Feb 2006
26 API SPEC 11B Specification for Sucker Rods
API SPEC 6A Specification for Well head and X mas tree 19 th- July 2004
27 API 16 C Specification for choke and kill lines
WIRE ROPE
28 API 9A Specification for w ire rope 25th - Feb 2004
29 API RP 9B Recommended practice on application, care and use of w ire rope for oilfield service 12th - June 2005
SPECIFICATION APPLICATION VOLUME CURRENTLY IN USE
PRESSURE VESSELS
30 API 510 Pressure vessel inspection code: Maintenance, inspection, Rating, Repair and alternations 9th - June 2006
31 API RP 572 Inspection of Pressure Vessels 2nd - Feb 2001
32 API 653 Tank inspection, Repair, Alternation and Reconstruction 3rd - Dec 2001 Add3: Feb 2008
PRESSURE PIPING
API 5L8 Recommended Practice for procedures for field inspection of new line pipe 2nd-Dec.1996
33 API 5L Specification for Line Pipe 44th - Oct 2007
OFFSHORE STRUCTURE
34 API RP 2X Recommended Practice for Ultrasonic and Magnetic Examination of Offshore Structural Fabrication 4th - Apr 2004
35 API 2A LRFD and Guidelines for
Recommended Qualification
Practice of technicians
for Planning, Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore Platforms-Load and 1st - May 2003
36 API 2C Resistance Factor
Specification Design Pedestal Mounted Cranes
for Offshore 6th - Sept 2004
37 API SPEC 4E Specification for drilling and w ell servicing structures 3rd - June 1988
ASTM/ASME SPECIFICATIONS
ASME SEC V Non-destructive Examination as given below 1998
z SA 388 UT for Forging
39 SA 435 UT Straight beam for Steel Plates
40 SA 577 UT Angle Beam for Steel Plates
41 SA 578 UT Straight beam for Steel Plates and Clad plates
42 SE 213 UT Standard practice for Metal Pipe and Tubing
43 SE 273 UT Standard practice for Metal Pipe and Tubing Longitudinal w eld
44 SE 797 UT Standard Practice for Thickness Measurment
45 SE 165 Standard practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination
46 SE 709 Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination
47 SE 426 Eddy Current inspection of Alloy Steels
48 SE 309 Eddy Current inspection of Steel Tubular by mag. Sat
49 ASTM E-110 Standard for Hardness Testing 2010
49 ASME SEC VIII Rules for construction of Pressure Vessel 1998
50 ASME B31G-2009 Manual for determine Remaining Strength of Corr. Pipe line 2009
ASME SEC VIII ACCEPTANCE STANDARD AS PER ASME [Link] FOR FOLLOWING METHODS
50 APPENDIX-4 Radiographic Inspection
51 APPENDIX-6 Magnetic Particle Inspection
52 APPENDIX-8 Penetrant test
53 APPENDIX-12 Ultrasonic Testing
54 SE 1316 Standard Terminology for NDE 1998
55 ASME B 31.3 Process Piping 1999
56 ASME SEC IX Welding and Brazing qualifications July 2004
57 BS EN 1711 : 2000 Eddy Current Examination of w elds Aug-00
OTHER STANDARDS
58 DS1 STD TH-Hill Drill Stem Inspection Standard 3rd - Jan 2004 Add -1 aug 2005
59 NS 2 Shell Standard for Drill Stem Inspection Nov 1999
60 AWS D.1.1 Structural Welding Code Steel 06th -May 2006
61 NIST-HDBK 44 Specification,Tolerence requirements for Measuring devices 2006
SCOPE: API SPEC-7, 7-1 & 7-2
S/R ITEMS COVERED IN API ITEMS COVERED IN API SPEC 7-1 ITEMS COVERED IN API SPEC 7-2
# SPEC-7 AS ON REVISION
1 TOOL JOINTS UPPER AND LOWER KELLY VALVES THREADING AND GAUGING OF
PROPERTIES AND TESTING ROTARY SHOULDER THREAD
CONNECTIONS
2 ROTARY SHOULDER KELLY , PROPERTIES AND DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS ON
CONNECTIONS INSPECTIONS THREADS ,THREAD GAUGES,
SPECIFICTIONS OF GAUGES &
INSTRUMENTS AND THE
METHODS
3 GAUGING PRACTICE FOR DRILL STEM SUBS ,PROPERTY APPLICABLE CONNECTIONS:
ROTARY SHOULDER DIMENSION AND INSPECTION NC, REGULAR AND FULL HOLE
CONNECTION
4 GAUGE SPECIFICATION, DRILL COLLAR,PROPERTY AND
ROTARY SHOULDER INSPECTION
CONNECTION
5 GAUGE DRILLING AND CORING BITS
CERTIFICATION ,ROTARY
SHOULDER CONNECTION
Colour coding for Casing & Tubing Grades
API GRADES
H 40 BSC PROPRIETRY GRADES
SL 80 SR 95
J 55
SN 80 Q 125
K 55
IS 95 XT 130
N 80
HC 95 XT 140
C 75
WFC 95 V 150
L 80
SR 90 XT 155
C 95
TUBULAR LENGTHS FOR OIL TOOLS
All dimensions in feet
SR. NO ITEM R1 R2 R3 API SPECS
1 CASING & LINERS 16 - 25 25 - 34 34 - 48 5CT
2 THREADED & COUPLED TUBING 20 - 24 28 - 32 38 - 42 5CT
3 INTEGRAL JOINT TUBING 20 - 26 28 - 34 38 - 45
4 DRILL PIPE 18 - 22 27 - 30 38 - 45 5D
5 DRILL COLLAR 30-31 (+0.5 to 0) SPEC 7-1
6 PUP JOINTS 2; 3; 4; 6; 8; 10; & 12 Tolerance ±3in 5CT
STANDARD DRIFT SIZE FOR OIL TOOLS All dimensions in inches
STANDARD DRIFT MANDREL SIZE
SR. NO PRODUCT LENGTH DIAMETER
CASING & LINERS
Less than 9-5/8” 6 d – 1/8
1
9-5/8” to 13-3/8” 12 d – 5/32
Greater than 13-3/8” 12 d – 3/16
TUBING
2 Upto 2-7/8” 42 d – 3/32
Greater than 2-7/8” 42 d – 1/8
d is the inside diameter of pipe 1 in = 25.4 mm 1 lbs = 0.454 kg 1 psi = 6.895 kPa
1 m = 3.284 ft 1 bbl = 0.159 m3 1 psi = 0.0703 kg/cm2
ESTIMATED HARDNESS FOR OIL FIELD TU
GRADE YIELD STRENGTH TENSILE STRENGTH BR
DRILL PIPE
D 55,000 95,000 19
E 75,000 100,000 22
"X" BR-94 95,000 115,000 24
Grade "G",X 105 105,000 120,000 25
SBR-110 110,000 125,000 28
Spec BR-135 135,000 150,000 30
TUBING
H-40 40,000 60,000 11
J-55 55 to 80,000 75,000 14
K-55 55 to 80,000 95,000 19
C-75 75 to 90,000 95,000 19
N-80 80 to 110,000 100,000 21
P-105 105 to 135,000 120,000 26
P-110 110 to 140,000 125,000 27
T-135 135 to 165,000 150,000 32
CASING
H-40 40 to 60,000 60,000 11
TUBING DATA SHEET
5% 12.5% 87.5% 5% 12.5% 87.5%
WALL DRIFT NOM. NOM. REM. WALL DRIFT NOM. NOM. REM.
SIZE O.D LBS/FT THICK DIA WALL WALL WALL SIZE O.D LBS/FT THICK DIA WALL WALL WALL
3/4" 1.20 0.113 0.730 0.006 0.014 0.099 3-1/2" 7.70 0.216 2.943 0.011 0.027 0.189
1.50 0.154 0.648 0.008 0.019 0.135 9.20 0.254 2.867 0.013 0.032 0.222
1" 1.80 0.133 0.955 0.007 0.017 0.116 9.30 0.254 2.867 0.013 0.032 0.222
2.25 0.179 0.848 0.009 0.022 0.157 10.20 0.289 2.797 0.014 0.036 0.253
1-1/4" 2.40 0.140 1.286 0.007 0.018 0.123 10.30 0.289 2.797 0.014 0.036 0.253
3.02 0.191 1.184 0.010 0.024 0.167 12.80 0.368 2.639 0.018 0.046 0.322
3.24 0.198 1.170 0.010 0.025 0.173 12.95 0.375 2.625 0.019 0.047 0.328
1-1/2" 2.90 0.145 1.516 0.007 0.018 0.127 15.50 0.449 2.477 0.022 0.056 0.393
3.64 0.200 1.406 0.010 0.025 0.175 15.80 0.476 2.423 0.024 0.060 0.417
4.19 0.219 1.368 0.011 0.027 0.192 16.70 0.510 2.355 0.026 0.064 0.446
2" 3.40 0.165 1.576 0.008 0.021 0.144 17.05 0.530 2.315 0.027 0.066 0.464
2-1/16" 3.25 0.156 1.657 0.008 0.020 0.137 4" 9.50 0.226 3.423 0.011 0.028 0.198
4.50 0.225 1.519 0.011 0.028 0.197 10.80 0.262 3.351 0.013 0.033 0.229
2-3/8" 4.60 0.190 1.901 0.010 0.024 0.166 11.00 0.262 3.351 0.013 0.033 0.229
4.70 0.190 1.901 0.010 0.024 0.166 11.60 0.286 3.303 0.014 0.036 0.250
5.30 0.218 1.845 0.011 0.027 0.191 13.40 0.330 3.215 0.017 0.041 0.289
5.95 0.254 1.773 0.013 0.032 0.222 14.80 0.380 3.115 0.019 0.048 0.333
6.20 0.216 1.759 0.011 0.027 0.189 16.50 0.430 3.015 0.022 0.054 0.376
7.70 0.336 1.609 0.017 0.042 0.294 19.00 0.500 2.875 0.025 0.063 0.438
2-7/8" 6.40 0.217 2.347 0.011 0.027 0.190 22.50 0.610 2.655 0.031 0.076 0.534
6.50 0.217 2.347 0.011 0.027 0.190 4-1/2" 10.50 0.224 3.927 0.011 0.028 0.196
7.70 0.276 2.229 0.014 0.035 0.242 12.60 0.271 3.833 0.014 0.034 0.237
7.90 0.276 2.229 0.014 0.035 0.242 12.75 0.271 3.833 0.014 0.034 0.237
8.60 0.308 2.165 0.015 0.039 0.270 13.50 0.290 3.795 0.015 0.036 0.254
8.70 0.308 2.165 0.015 0.039 0.270 15.50 0.337 3.701 0.017 0.042 0.295
8.90 0.316 2.149 0.016 0.040 0.277 16.90 0.373 3.629 0.019 0.047 0.326
9.50 0.340 2.101 0.017 0.043 0.298 17.70 0.402 3.572 0.020 0.050 0.352
10.40 0.362 2.057 0.018 0.045 0.317 19.20 0.430 3.515 0.022 0.054 0.376
10.70 0.392 1.997 0.020 0.049 0.343 21.60 0.500 3.375 0.025 0.063 0.438
11.00 0.405 1.971 0.020 0.051 0.354 24.60 0.560 3.255 0.028 0.070 0.490
11.65 0.440 1.901 0.022 0.055 0.385 26.50 0.630 3.115 0.032 0.079 0.551
CASING DATA SHEET
5% 12.5% 87.5% 5% 12.5% 87.5%
WALL DRIFT NOM. NOM. REM. WALL DRIFT NOM. NOM. REM.
SIZE O.D LBS/FT THICK DIA WALL WALL WALL SIZE O.D LBS/FT THICK DIA WALL WALL WALL
4-1/2" 9.50 0.205 3.965 0.010 0.026 0.179 6-5/8" 20.00 0.288 5.924 0.014 0.036 0.252
10.50 0.224 3.927 0.011 0.028 0.196 23.20 0.330 5.845 0.017 0.041 0.289
11.00 0.237 3.901 0.012 0.030 0.207 24.00 0.352 5.796 0.018 0.044 0.308
11.60 0.250 3.875 0.013 0.031 0.219 28.00 0.417 5.666 0.021 0.052 0.365
12.60 0.271 3.833 0.014 0.034 0.237 32.00 0.475 5.550 0.024 0.059 0.416
13.50 0.290 3.795 0.015 0.036 0.254 7" 17.00 0.231 6.413 0.012 0.029 0.202
15.10 0.337 3.701 0.017 0.042 0.295 20.00 0.272 6.633 0.014 0.034 0.238
16.60 0.373 3.629 0.019 0.047 0.326 23.00 0.317 6.241 0.016 0.040 0.277
18.80 0.430 3.515 0.022 0.054 0.376 26.00 0.362 6.151 0.018 0.045 0.317
5" 11.50 0.220 4.435 0.011 0.028 0.193 29.00 0.408 6.059 0.020 0.051 0.357
13.00 0.253 4.368 0.013 0.032 0.221 32.00 0.453 6.969 0.023 0.057 0.396
15.00 0.296 4.283 0.015 0.037 0.259 35.00 0.498 5.879 0.025 0.062 0.436
18.00 0.362 4.151 0.018 0.045 0.317 38.00 0.540 5.795 0.027 0.068 0.473
20.30 0.408 4.059 0.020 0.051 0.357 41.00 0.590 5.695 0.030 0.074 0.516
20.80 0.422 4.031 0.021 0.053 0.369 44.00 0.640 5.595 0.032 0.080 0.560
23.20 0.478 3.919 0.024 0.060 0.418 49.50 0.730 5.415 0.037 0.091 0.639
23.60 0.478 3.919 0.024 0.060 0.418 7-5/8" 26.40 0.328 6.844 0.016 0.041 0.287
24.20 0.500 3.875 0.025 0.063 0.438 29.70 0.375 6.750 0.019 0.047 0.328
5-1/2" 14.00 0.244 4.887 0.012 0.031 0.214 33.70 0.430 6.640 0.022 0.054 0.376
15.50 0.275 4.825 0.014 0.034 0.241 39.00 0.500 6.500 0.025 0.063 0.438
17.00 0.304 4.767 0.015 0.038 0.266 45.30 0.595 6.310 0.030 0.074 0.521
20.00 0.361 4.653 0.018 0.045 0.316 7-3/4" 46.10 0.595 6.500 0.030 0.074 0.521
23.00 0.415 4.545 0.021 0.052 0.363 8-5/8" 24.00 0.264 7.972 0.013 0.033 0.231
26.00 0.476 4.423 0.024 0.060 0.417 28.00 0.304 7.892 0.015 0.038 0.266
28.40 0.530 4.315 0.027 0.066 0.464 29.35 0.322 7.856 0.016 0.040 0.282
32.30 0.612 4.151 0.031 0.077 0.536 32.00 0.352 7.796 0.018 0.044 0.308
36.40 0.705 3.965 0.035 0.088 0.617 36.00 0.400 7.700 0.020 0.050 0.350
40.00 0.450 7.600 0.023 0.056 0.394
44.00 0.500 7.500 0.025 0.063 0.438
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES 49.50 0.557 7.386 0.028 0.070 0.487
52.00 0.595 7.310 0.030 0.074 0.521
CASING DATA SHEET
5% 12.5% 87.5% 5% 12.5% 87.5%
WEIGHT WALL DRIFT NOM. NOM. REM. WALL DRIFT NOM. NOM. REM.
SIZE O.D PER FT THICK DIA WALL WALL WALL SIZE O.D LBS/FT THICK DIA WALL WALL WALL
8-3/4" 49.70 0.557 7.500 0.028 0.070 0.487 13-3/8" 48.00 0.330 12.559 0.017 0.041 0.289
9-5/8" 32.30 0.312 8.845 0.016 0.039 0.273 54.50 0.380 12.459 0.019 0.048 0.333
36.00 0.352 8.765 0.018 0.044 0.308 61.00 0.430 12.359 0.022 0.054 0.376
40.00 0.395 8.679 0.020 0.049 0.346 68.00 0.480 12.259 0.024 0.060 0.420
43.50 0.435 8.599 0.022 0.054 0.381 72.00 0.514 12.191 0.026 0.064 0.450
47.00 0.472 8.525 0.024 0.059 0.413 77.00 0.550 12.119 0.028 0.069 0.481
53.50 0.545 8.379 0.027 0.068 0.477 80.70 0.580 12.059 0.029 0.073 0.508
58.40 0.595 8.279 0.030 0.074 0.521 85.00 0.608 12.003 0.030 0.076 0.532
61.60 0.625 8.219 0.031 0.078 0.547 86.00 0.625 11.969 0.031 0.078 0.547
9-3/4" 59.20 0.595 8.404 0.030 0.074 0.521 92.00 0.672 11.875 0.034 0.084 0.588
9-7/8" 62.80 0.625 8.469 0.031 0.078 0.547 98.00 0.719 11.781 0.036 0.090 0.629
10-3/4" 32.75 0.279 10.036 0.014 0.035 0.244 13-1/2" 81.40 0.580 12.184 0.029 0.073 0.508
40.50 0.350 9.894 0.018 0.044 0.306 13-5/8" 88.20 0.625 12.219 0.031 0.078 0.547
45.50 0.400 9.794 0.020 0.050 0.350 14" 92.68 0.650 12.544 0.033 0.081 0.569
51.00 0.450 9.694 0.023 0.056 0.394 99.43 0.700 12.444 0.035 0.088 0.613
55.50 0.495 9.604 0.025 0.062 0.433 106.13 0.750 12.344 0.038 0.094 0.656
60.70 0.545 9.504 0.027 0.068 0.477 112.78 0.800 12.244 0.040 0.100 0.700
65.00 0.595 9.404 0.030 0.074 0.521 119.00 0.850 12.144 0.043 0.106 0.744
71.10 0.650 9.294 0.033 0.081 0.569 16" 65.00 0.375 15.062 0.019 0.047 0.328
11-3/4" 42.00 0.333 10.928 0.017 0.042 0.291 75.00 0.438 14.938 0.022 0.055 0.383
47.00 0.375 10.844 0.019 0.047 0.328 84.00 0.495 14.822 0.025 0.062 0.433
54.00 0.435 10.724 0.022 0.054 0.381 109.00 0.656 14.500 0.033 0.082 0.574
60.00 0.489 10.616 0.024 0.061 0.428 18-5/8" 87.50 0.435 17.567 0.022 0.054 0.381
65.00 0.534 10.526 0.027 0.067 0.467 20" 94.00 0.438 18.936 0.022 0.055 0.383
71.00 0.582 10.430 0.029 0.073 0.509 106.50 0.500 18.812 0.025 0.063 0.438
11-7/8" 71.80 0.582 10.555 0.029 0.073 0.509 133.00 0.635 18.542 0.032 0.079 0.556
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES
DECIMAL EQUIVALENT OF FRACTIONS IN
INCHES AND MILLIMETERS
Fraction Decimal Millimeters Fraction Decimal Millimeters
(Inches) Equivalent (mm) (Inches) Equivalent (mm)
1/64 0.016 0.397 33/64 0.516 13.097
1/32 0.031 0.794 17/32 0.531 13.494
3/64 0.047 1.191 35/64 0.547 13.891
1/16 0.063 1.588 9/16 0.562 14.288
5/64 0.078 1.984 37/64 0.578 14.684
3/32 0.094 2.381 19/32 0.594 15.081
7/64 0.109 2.778 39/64 0.609 15.478
1/8 0.125 3.175 5/8 0.625 15.875
9/64 0.141 3.572 41/64 0.641 16.272
5/32 0.156 3.969 21/32 0.656 16.699
11/64 0.172 4.366 43/64 0.672 17.066
3/16 0.188 4.763 11/16 0.688 17.463
13/64 0.203 5.159 45/64 0.703 17.859
7/32 0.219 5.556 23/32 0.719 18.256
15/64 0.234 5.953 47/64 0.734 18.653
1/4 0.250 6.350 3/4 0.750 19.050
17/64 0.266 6.747 49/64 0.766 19.447
9/32 0.281 7.144 25/32 0.781 19.844
19/64 0.297 7.541 51/64 0.797 20.241
5/16 0.313 7.938 13/16 0.813 20.638
21/64 0.328 8.334 53/64 0.828 21.034
11/32 0.344 8.731 27/32 0.844 21.431
23/64 0.359 9.128 55/64 0.859 21.828
3/8 0.375 9.525 7/8 0.875 22.225
25/64 0.391 9.922 57/64 0.891 22.622
13/32 0.406 10.319 29/32 0.906 23.019
27/64 0.422 10.716 59/64 0.922 23.416
7/16 0.438 11.113 15/16 0.938 23.813
29/64 0.453 11.509 61/64 0.953 24.209
15/32 0.469 11.906 31/32 0.969 24.606
31/64 0.484 12.303 63/64 0.984 25.003
1/2 0.500 12.700 1 1.000 25.400
High Pressure Pipe Work table
Nominal Wall Working Design Stress Pipe OD Minimum Wall
Pipe Size in
Pipe Schedule Thickness Pressure in psi in Inches Thickness
Inches
in Inches in psi (P) (S) (D) in Inches
XXS 0.436 10,000 48,000 2.375 0.254
2
SPECIAL 0.625 15,000 48,000 2.500 0.379
XXS 0.600 10,000 48,000 3.500 0.374
3
SPECIAL 1.000 15,000 48,000 4.125 0.625
XXS 0.674 10,000 48,000 4.500 0.481
4
SPECIAL 1.250 15,000 48,000 5.500 0.833
Note : ASME B31.3, Minimum thickness t=D/2 x [1-exp(-1.155 x P/S)]
The design stress for high pressure pipe is assumed to be 48,000 psi.
Low Pressure Pipe Work table
Nominal Wall Working Design Stress Pipe OD Minimum Wall
Pipe Size in
Pipe Schedule Thickness Pressure in psi in Inches Thickness
Inches
in Inches in psi (P) (S) (D) in Inches
2 80 0.218 2500 20,000 2.375 0.141
80 0.300 2500 20,000 3.500 0.208
3
XXS 0.600 5000 20,000 3.500 0.398
80 0.337 2300 20,000 4.500 0.247
4
XXS 0.674 5000 20,000 4.500 0.511
Various Damages on Drilling Tools
PROBLEMS USUAL EFFECT PROBABLE CAUSE CORRECTION
SHOULDER DAMAGE Erosion of shoulder(face) Mis-stabbing connection Handle pipe only with thread protector.
seal & threads Handling damage Use care in stabbing & make-up.
Leaking shoulder(face) Spinning chain between shoulders, improper
Washout pipe jacking
HEAT CHECK String separation. High rotary speed. Reduce rotary speed through tight areas.
Lost time. Rapid cooling & heating due to friction Minimize tool joint to formation contact.
Tool joint body cracking. between tool joint & formation, casing, whip
Washout. stock etc.
GALLED THREADS Damages mating threads. Thread damage. Recut worn threads.
False torque. Handling without thread protectors. Handle pipe only with thread protector.
Improper make-up. Cross threading, worn threads, improper Clean connection before use.
Connection wobbles. lubrication.
Leaking shoulder wobble.
STRECHED THREADS Will not mate properly Improper make-up torque and thread Proper make-up torque per tool joint class.
with another connection lubricants. Recut pin.
Minimize additional downhole make-up
BELLED BOXES Excessive shoulder to Improper make-up torque and thread Proper make-up torque per tool joint class.
shoulder standoff. lubricants. Recut pin.
Split body. Thin tool joint. Minimize additional downhole make-up.
Possible pin break. Maintain tool joint OD.
PIN BREAK (flat fracture String separation. H2S hydrogen embrittlement, excessive pin Control H2S in flow.
when torque and make-up Lost time. tension. Inspect tool joint threads.
are known to be satisfactory) Reduce stress.
PIN BREAK (cup type failure) String separation. Improper make-up torque & thread lubricant Proper make-up torque.
Lost time. Improper trip make-up torque. Minimize additional downhole make-up
Additional downhole make-up.
WASHOUT Mud pressure loss. Insufficient make-up torque. Proper make-up torque.
String separation. Shoulder fins rolled between seals.
Lost time. Leaking & damaged shoulder seals.
Erosion of shoulder (face) Excessive shoulder removal by refacing.
seal & threads. Stretched pin threads.
Mis-stabbing connection.