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Overview of Therapeutic Communication

Communication is the process of conveying information between a sender and receiver. Therapeutic communication between a nurse and patient builds trust and allows them to work collaboratively towards the patient's developmental goals. Effective communication skills include active listening, reflecting feelings, clarifying doubts, and offering open-ended questions. Touch can also communicate caring support to patients experiencing isolation or fear. The nurse-patient relationship progresses through phases from initial interaction to termination.

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1K views26 pages

Overview of Therapeutic Communication

Communication is the process of conveying information between a sender and receiver. Therapeutic communication between a nurse and patient builds trust and allows them to work collaboratively towards the patient's developmental goals. Effective communication skills include active listening, reflecting feelings, clarifying doubts, and offering open-ended questions. Touch can also communicate caring support to patients experiencing isolation or fear. The nurse-patient relationship progresses through phases from initial interaction to termination.

Uploaded by

Hariz Thaha
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction: Explains the purpose and importance of therapeutic communication, emphasizing the nurse-patient relationship.
  • Definition: Provides a definition of therapeutic communication, outlining its purpose and components.
  • Elements of Communication: Describes the dynamic process of communication and its basic elements, such as sender and receiver.
  • Types of Communication: Lists different types of communication used in therapeutic settings, including verbal and non-verbal forms.
  • Factors Affecting Communication: Outlines the various factors that influence effective communication, focusing on skills and situational aspects.
  • Techniques of Therapeutic Communication: Lists and explains techniques used in therapeutic communication to enhance interaction quality.
  • Therapeutic Touch: Discusses the role of touch in therapeutic environments as a supportive tool.
  • Barriers of Therapeutic Communication: Identifies and explains common barriers that hinder effective communication in therapy.
  • Therapeutic Nurse Patient Relationship: Presents the characteristics and importance of establishing a therapeutic relationship between nurse and patient.
  • Definition of Therapeutic Nurse Patient Relationship: Provides a definition and purpose of the nurse-patient relationship in therapeutic settings.
  • Characteristics of Therapeutic Interpersonal Relationship: Lists key characteristics that define a successful therapeutic relationship, such as trust and empathy.
  • Dynamics of Interpersonal Relationship: Explores the components and dynamics that drive effective therapeutic interactions.
  • Therapeutic Use of Self: Discusses the concept of self-awareness and how it influences therapeutic practices.
  • The Johari Window: Explains the Johari Window as a tool for self-awareness and interpersonal understanding.
  • Phases of Interpersonal Relationships: Outlines the phases of interaction in a therapeutic setting, from introduction to termination.
  • Barriers That Affect These Phases: Describes barriers that can disrupt different phases of therapeutic relationships.
  • Role of Nurse: Explores various roles the nurse may assume to facilitate therapeutic communication.
  • Bibliography: Lists the sources and references used throughout the document.

Communication is the process of conveying

information through a complex variety of verbal and nonverbal behavior and consists of various components like the sender, message to be send, receiver and feedback. The therapeutic interaction between the nurse and the patient helps to develop mutual growth of two individuals and the

world of each is enlarged and enriched by the other. The


general goal of nurse-patient interaction is to help the patient to grow.

Therapeutic Communication is a planned


process in which the nurse and client develops a trusting relationship within each other and

here the client is free to express thoughts,


feelings and options without fear of judgment. It is based on specific and effective communication skills that the nurse learns to implement through careful practice and experience.

Communication is an ongoing, dynamic and multidimensional process. Its basic elements are;
sender message channel receiver

Feed back

Verbal

Communication Non-Verbal Communication Symbolic Communication Meta Communication

Senders

communication skill (Nurse) Receivers understanding level (Clients) Communication process Silence

Listening

Giving Broad Openings


Paraphrasing Offering general leads Reflecting Feelings Focusing

Voicing doubt
Clarifying

Reflection
Giving Information Encouraging formulation of a plan (suggesting) Testing discrepancies Using silence

TOUCH IS ONE MECHANISM OF COMMUNICATING,CARING,SUPPORTING AND NURTURING TO CLIENTS WHO MAY FEEL COMFORT FROM ISOLATION AND FEAR. THERAPEUTIC TOUCH WAS DEVELOPED IN 1970S BY DOLORES KRIEGER AND DORA VAN GELDER KUNZ .

Giving Advices
Challenging Defending Making Stereotyped Comments Offering false reassurance

Social Responding
Asking close-ended questions Changing the subject

Belittling
Probing Giving reassurance Rejecting Interpreting

It is a close, helping relationship based


on trust, which allows the nurse and client to work collaboratively and effectively and to achieve the developmental goals. It is a nurse patient therapeutic relationship.

Rapport Trust Respect Genuineness Empathy

Goal Oriented

Interventions

Identify what is troubling the client at the present time.

Encourage the client to discuss changes he or

she would like to make.

Discuss with the client which changes are possible and which are not possible.

Have

the client explore feelings about aspects

that cannot be changed and alternative ways of coping more adaptively.


Discuss

alternative strategies for creating

changes the client desires to make.


Weigh

the benefits and consequences of each

alternative.
Assist

the client to select an alternative.

Encourage the client to implement the change


Provide positive feedback for the clients attempts to create change.

Assist the client to evaluate outcomes of the change and make modifications as required.

Therapeutic

Use of Self Gaining Self-Awareness Values Clarification Beliefs


Rational beliefs Irrational beliefs Faith (sometimes called blind beliefs) Stereotype Attitudes Values

The

Johari Window It is representation of the self and a tool that can be used to increase selfawareness. It is divided into 4 quadrants; The Open or Public Self The Unknowing Self The Private Self The Unknown Self

The

pre-interaction phase The orientation phase (introductory) The working phase The termination phase

Phases:
(i) Pre-interaction phase perception

Goals:
Explore self

(ii) Orientation (introductory) formulate


(iii) Working change (iv) Termination

Establish trust

Contract for intervention Promote client - Evaluate goal attainment ensure therapeutic closure

Resistance
Transference Counter

Transference Gift giving Boundary violations

Peplau (1991) identified several sub roles within the role of the nurse. They are The Stranger The Resource person The Teacher The Leader The Surrogate The Counselor

K. Lalitha , Mental Health & Psychiatric Nursing 1st edition, W.M.G. Book House Publications, 2007, Page No:160-165
Townsent M.C., Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing, 5th edition, Jaypee Publications, New Delhi, 2007, Page No:111-113 Kalpan and Saddocks, Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, 7th edition, volume I, Lippincott William, Philadelphia, 2000,Page No:214-215 Stuart.W., Principles and Practice of Psychiatry Nursing, 8th edition, Mosley Publications, 2005

Kalpan

and Saddocks, Synopsis of Psychiatry, 8th edition, B.I. Waverly Pvt. Ltd. Publications, New Delhi, 1998, Page No.249 259
E, Health Psychology, 6th edition, Tata McCraw Hill Publishers, 2006, Page No:252-266 & Kozier, Fundamentals of Nursing, 8th edition, Pearson Publications, 2008, Page No: 1060-1066

Taylor

Erbs

THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION
INTRODUCTION Communication is the process of conveying information through a complex varie
Therapeutic Communication is a planned process in which the nurse and client develops a trusting relationship
Communication is an ongoing, dynamic and multidimensional process. Its basic elements are; sender messa
Verbal Communication Non-Verbal Communication Symbolic Communication Meta Communication
Sender’s communication skill (Nurse) Receiver’s understanding level (Clients) Communication process Silence
Listening Giving Broad Openings Paraphrasing Offering general leads Reflecting Feelings Focusing Voicing doubt
Reflection Giving Information Encouraging formulation of a plan (suggesting) Testing discrepancies Using silence
TOUCH IS ONE MECHANISM OF COMMUNICATING,CARING,SUPPORTING AND NURTURING TO CLIENTS WHO MAY FEEL COMFORT FRO
Giving Advices Challenging Defending Making Stereotyped Comments Offering false reassurance Social Responding As

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