The use of textual
aids on the
understanding of a
text
(advance Organizers, Titles, Non-
Objective:
✔Determine the effect of
textual aids like advance
organizers, titles, non-linear
illustrations, etc. on the
understanding of a text.
What are Textual Aids??
⮚It is also called TEXT FEATURES.
These are visual elements of page
that should out from the main text.
⮚Are tools or materials that provide
support and facilitate understanding
of a text.
Simple examples of textual aids.
•Words being illustrated
•Charts
•Graphs
•Diagrams
•Maps
•Tables etc.
What is an Advance Organizer??
⮚ An instructional unit that is used before
direct instruction or before new topic.
⮚Like cognitive roadmaps that allow students
to see where they have been and where they
are going.
⮚It is the direct intellectual scaffolding for
subsequent learning.
Main Purpose of Advance
Organizer
✔To make connections
between incoming and prior
knowledge.
Types of Advance
Organizer
Expository organizer
⮚Describes the new content.
⮚May simply provide students with
the meaning and purpose of what to
follow.
Comparative Organizer
•It is designed to discriminate
between the old and new concepts to
prevent confusion caused by their
similarity.
Narrative Advance Organizer
•Presents the new information in the
form of a story.
Skimming
⮚Focuses on highlighted
information.
⮚Headings, subheadings, and the
first sentence of each paragraph.
Types of advance organizer
Graphic Organizer
• a method of presenting
information in the visual realm.
• demonstrates relationships
between different information and
concepts.
T-Chart
• helps organize ideas into two
columns and examine two concepts
of an objects, concepts or events.
Concept Map
• shows relationships between the
main idea and other information.
Venn Diagram
• is used to compare and contrast two or
more groups of things visually displaying
their similarities and differences in
overlapping circles.
Sequence Chart
• presents a series of steps of events
in order.
• also called flow diagram.
Cause- and- Effect Diagram
• helps you illustrate the
relationships on why something
happens or visually explains the
effect of something.
K-W-L Chart
• used at any age for any subject
matter.
• a popular form of advance organizer.
• about what they know about the
topic, what they want to know, and
what they have learned in the end.
KWL
WHAT I What I Want What I
KNOW to Know Learned
