Arrays
If we want to take from user 10 integers ?
In normal, you will think to create 10 integer
variables.
But
If we want to take from user 1000 integers
that's look so boring.
So
in C++ there is something will
help you in that called Arrays
Arrays
• Array : is a series of elements of
the same type placed in contiguous
memory locations that can be
individually referenced by adding an
index to a unique identifier
Arrays
Declaring Arrays :
• Like a regular variable, an array must be
declared before it is used. A typical declaration
for an array in C++ is:
DataType Name [Number of elements];
int x[5];
Arrays
Initializing Arrays :
int x[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} ;
OR
int x[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} ; size of array will be 5
Arrays
Arrays
Accessing the values of an array:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int x[1000];
x[0] = 5;
x[1] = 20 + x[0];
x[2] = x[0] * x[1];
int y = x[0];
return 0;
}
Arrays
Accessing the values of an array using loops:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int x[10];
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
cin >> x[i];
}
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
cout << x[i] << endl;
}
return 0;
}
Problems
1. Write a program to take from user N numbers and
print their Summation.
2. Write a program to take array of size N from user and
number X then check if X is exist in array or not.
3. Write a program to take a 10 numbers from user and
print largest and smallest numbers.
4. Write a program to take array of size N from user
then if number even change its value to 0 otherwise
to 1 then print the array.
Arrays
Array of Char Declaring and Initializing
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
char name1[4];
name1[0] = 'A';
name1[1] = 'l';
name1[2] = 'i';
char name5[4];
cin >> name5;
char name2[4] = {'A', 'l', 'i'};
//char name2[4] = {'A', 'l', 'i', '\0'};
char name3[4] = "Ali";
char name4[4];
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
cin >> name4[i];
Arrays
Array of Char print to user
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
char name1[4];
cin >> name1;
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
cout << name1[i];
}
cout << endl;
cout << name1 << endl;
return 0;
}
Problems
● Write a program to take array of char of
size N from user then convert every char
that are upper to lower and every char
that are lower to upper.
● Write a program to take array of char of
size N form the user then convert every
char in an even index into upper char
and every char in the odd index into
lower char.
Bubble Sort
- It is a simple sort algorithm that make a sequence of elements sorted
in increasing order.
- It works by repeatedly swapping the adjacent elements if they are in
wrong order.
Bubble Sort
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
int i, j, n = 10;
int a[10] = {10,2,0,14,43,25,18,1,5,45};
for(i=0; i < (n-1); i++)
{
for(j=0; j < (n-i-1); j++)
{
if(a[j] > a[j+1])
{
swap(a[j], a[j + 1]);
}
}
}
cout << "Sorted Element List ...\n";
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
cout << a[i] << " ";
}
return 0;
}
Problems
● Write a program to take array of char of size N
from user, reverse it and print it.
● Write a program to take array of integer of size N
from user, and print the Maximum number and
the 2nd Maximum number in the array.
Arrays 2D
● If you have to take something like a Matrix as input like this :
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
and do some operations in each cell,
how could you take it ?
So, here we introducing the 2D array (Multidimensional array)
Arrays 2D
It is Multidimensional arrays can be described as
“Arrays of Arrays” , and it's like matrix.
Arrays 2D
Declaring and assign values to array 2D
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int a[2][3];
int a[2][3] = {
{1, 2, 3},
{4, 5, 6}
};
for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++){
cin >> a[i][j];
}
}
return 0;
}
Arrays 2D
Declaring and assign values to array 2D
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int a[2][3];
for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++){
cin >> a[i][j];
}
}
for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++){
cout << a[i][j] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}
Problems
● Write a program to take an array 2D from user and
print largest and smallest number in each row.
● Write a program that takes 2D array of integers of size (N x N)
from the user and print the summation of even numbers in
each row and the summation of odd numbers in each row.
● Write a program that takes 2D array of integers of size (N x N)
from the user and print the summation of prime numbers in
each row.
Problems
● Write a program to print this 2D array of char of size N * N
if N = 7, so the 2D array is :
*******
* *
* *
* *
* *
* *
*******
● Write a program that takes 2D array of integer of size (N x N) and replace each
even number with (0) and each odd number with (1) and print the 2D array.
Problems
● You and your friend are lost in 2D array and you want to know
the minimum distance between yours, you know your index
(x1, y1) and your friend`s index (x2, y2), what is distance
between yours ?
