Unit 2 Sound
2.1 How are sounds made?
Getting Start….
Vibrations cause
Sounds
❖ Sounds are made when
things vibrate.
❖ A vibration is a very
quick movement back
and forth.
Eg. when you pluck
guitar strings
Think like a
scientists 1
How well does
sound travel ❖ Sound vibrations can travel
through air and glass and
through different
plastic wrap.
materials?
❖ Does sound travel better
through some materials
than through other?
Let’s find out.
Think like a
scientists 2
Thank You
2.2
Volume and Pitch
❖ The volume of the sound is how loud or quiet it is.
❖ A sound is louder when the vibrations are bigger.
( unit - decibel dB )
These are the volume of some everyday sounds.
❖ Very loud sounds ( louder than 85 dB ) can damage
our ears.
a s u ri n g s o u n d v o lu me
Me
❖Sound level meter
Pitch
❖ Pitch describes how high or low a sound is.
Eg. a whistle makes a high-pitched sound.
Thunder makes a low-pitch sound.
❖ Slow vibrations produce a lower-pitch sound.
❖ Fast vibrations produce a higher-pitch sound.
Unit 2 .3 Changing the volume of
the sound
● The microphone is
How can we make connect to an amplifier.
sound louder? ● The amplifier makes
the sound louder.
● The amplifier is
connected to the
loudspeaker.
● The sound comes out
through the loud
speaker.
● The microphone, the
amplifier and the
loudspeaker make a
sound system.
● The makes the sound
produced by a singer
Making sounds ● Sometimes there is far
quieter too much noise.
Eg. lots of traffic, people
sounding horns, loud
sounds from construction
work and road repairs.
● Noise pollution has a
negative effect on our
environment.
● The best solution is to
reduce the volume of
noise.
● We can muffle sounds
that we don’t want to
hear.
● This means that we
Ways to muffle ● Loud sounds can hurt our
sound ears.
● Some people work in very
noisy places.
● They need to protect their
ears. They wear ear
defenders.
● In buildings we use carpets
and curtains to muffle
noise.
● Walls can also be covered
with materials to muffle
sounds.
● We fit silencers to cars,
trucks and motorbike to
muffle the sounds of their
2.4
Changing the Pitch of Sound
Stringed Instruments
❖ A guitar is a stringed instrument.
❖ Some strings are thicker than others.
❖ Stringed instruments have pegs that can use to tune
the instrument by making the string looser or tighter.
❖ When the guitar is tuned, the pitch gives a perfect
sound.
❖ To make the pitch of the sound, the strings shorter by
pressing them down.
Have fun with wind
instruments
❖ Some have one pipe and other have many pipes.
❖ People make music from wind instruments by blowing
down or cross the tops of hollow pipes.
❖ This makes the air vibrate inside the pipe to make a
sound.
❖ To make the pitch of the sound on a wind instrument
you have to block one or more of the holes so that the
column of air inside the pipe is shorter or longer.
