Scribd
Upload
8 views10 pages

Emphysema: Causes and Effects

Uploaded by

Adnan Arif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views10 pages

Emphysema: Causes and Effects

Uploaded by

Adnan Arif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Emphysema

Emphysema is abnormal permanent


enlargement of the airspaces distal to the
terminal bronchioles, accompanied by
destruction of their walls.
 The presence of airfow limitation combined with
premature airway closure leads to gas trapping and
hyperinfation, adversely affecting pulmonary and chest
wall compliance.

 Pulmonary hyperinflation also results, which flattens the


diaphragmatic muscles and leads to an increasingly
horizontal alignment of the intercostal muscles, placing
the respiratory muscles
at a mechanical disadvantage. The work of breathing is
therefore markedly increased – first on exercise, when
the time for expiration is further shortened, but then, as
the disease advances, at rest.
Emphysema may be classified by the
pattern of the enlarged airspaces:
centriacinar, panacinar and paraseptal.
Some individuals develop bullae;
permanent air-filled spaces within the lung
that are more than 1 cm in diameter. This
results in impaired gas exchange and
respiratory failure

You might also like