AIS421
NLP Applications
Lecture 1: Introduction
Spring 2024
1
Agenda
Course Objectives
Grading Distribution
Introduction to LLMs
Examples of NLP Applications
Topics to be covered
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Course Objectives
• Exploring State-of-the-Art NLP Techniques.
• Developing skills in advanced NLP models.
• Exploring different NLP applications.
• Applying Domain-Specific NLP Applications.
• Learning more about evaluation metrics specific to NLP tasks.
• Writing and publishing NLP Scientific Papers.
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Grading Distribution
• Final Exam: 30%
• Mid-Term: 20%
Bonus
• Quizzes: 10%
• Shared Task: +5 marks (Awarded to the top 3 teams)
• Lab Work: 10%
• Publishing Paper: +10 marks (IEEE, Scopus)
• Project: 20%
• Paper Drafting: 10%
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Introduction to LLMs
• Large Language Models (LLMs) are a class of artificial intelligence models designed to
understand and generate human-like text based on vast amounts of pre-existing data.
• LLMs are characterized by their ability to capture intricate linguistic patterns, nuances,
and semantic relationships embedded within extensive text corpora.
• These models leverage deep learning techniques, particularly transformer architectures,
to process and generate natural language.
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Introduction to LLMs
• Scale: LLMs trained on massive datasets capture linguistic patterns and nuances, due to
exposure to billions or trillions of words.
• Complexity: These models are highly complex with millions or billions of parameters,
adjusted during training to minimize prediction errors.
• Pre-training and Fine-tuning: LLMs undergo pre-training on diverse text data to capture
general language knowledge, followed by fine-tuning on specific tasks or domains using
labeled data for improved accuracy.
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Introduction to LLMs
• Natural Language Understanding (NLU): Proficient in comprehending human language,
LLMs extract meaning, context, and intent from textual inputs for tasks like sentiment
analysis, named entity recognition, and text classification.
• Natural Language Generation (NLG): LLMs generate human-like text based on input
prompts, producing coherent and contextually relevant responses, summaries, or articles. This
capability finds applications in language translation, text summarization, chatbots, and content
generation.
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Introduction to LLMs
Source: A Survey of Large Language Models [Link] 8
Introduction to LLMs
Source: A Survey of Large Language Models [Link] 9
Introduction to LLMs
Source: Large Language Models: A Survey [Link] 10
Introduction to LLMs
Source: Large Language Models: A Survey [Link] 11
Introduction to LLMs
Source: Large Language Models: A Survey [Link] 12
Introduction to LLMs
Source: [Link] 13
Introduction to LLMs
Source: [Link] 14
Introduction to LLMs
Source: [Link] 15
Introduction to LLMs
Source: [Link] 16
Introduction to LLMs
Source: [Link] 17
Introduction to LLMs
Source: [Link] 18
Introduction to LLMs
Source: GPT-4 Technical Report [Link] 19
Introduction to LLMs
Source: GPT-4 Technical Report [Link] 20
Introduction to LLMs
Source: GPT-4 Technical Report [Link] 21
Introduction to LLMs
Source: GPT-4 Technical Report [Link] 22
Introduction to LLMs
Source: [Link] 23
Examples of NLP Applications
Information Retrieval and Extraction
• Text summarization
• Named Entity Recognition (NER)
• Information extraction from documents
• Question-Answering systems
• Keyword extraction
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Examples of NLP Applications
Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining
• Sentiment classification of product reviews
• Social media sentiment analysis
• Opinion mining from customer feedback
• Political sentiment analysis
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Examples of NLP Applications
Machine Translation and Language Generation
• Neural Machine Translation (NMT)
• Text-to-speech synthesis
• Language generation for chatbots
• Multilingual document translation
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Examples of NLP Applications
Text Classification and Categorization
• Spam email detection
• Topic classification of news articles
• Intent detection in chatbots
• Document classification in legal or medical domains
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Examples of NLP Applications
Education and E-Learning Applications
• Short answer grading
• Automated essay scoring
• Questions generation
• Plagiarism detection
• Adaptive learning platforms using NLP-based assessment
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Examples of NLP Applications
Legal Applications
• Legal document analysis for contract management
• Classification and clustering of legal cases
• Predictive justice
• Legal case summarization and analysis
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Examples of NLP Applications
Financial and Business NLP
• Sentiment analysis for stock market prediction
• Financial news event detection
• Business intelligence through NLP-driven analytics
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Examples of NLP Applications
Healthcare Management and Patient Support
• Patient record analysis for disease prediction
• Automated medical diagnosis from patient symptoms
• Personalized healthcare recommendations based on patient history
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Examples of NLP Applications
Academic Research and Scientific Discovery
• Scientific paper summarization and recommendation
• Literature review automation for researchers
• Automated hypothesis generation and testing
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Topics to be Covered
• Reviewing Important NLP concepts (1 Lecture)
• LLMs (3 Lectures)
– Prompt Engineering
– Finetuning
– Vector Databases and RAG Model
• NLP Applications and Case Studies (5 lectures)
• Project requirements, Shared task, Paper drafting (1 lecture)
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AIS421
NLP Applications
Lecture 1: Introduction
Spring 2024
34
