Effect of Functional Food and
Nutraceuticals in Cancer Prevention
Presented by Group 5
• Fatima Shahid (L1F23MSFT0012)
• Esha Mubashir (L1F23MSFT0017)
• Rahimeen Akbar (L1S23MSFT0005)
• Muhammad Hamza Naseem (L1F23MSFT0011)
Presented to:
Dr. Kanza Aziz Awan
Presentation date:
05-06-2024
Department of Food Science and Technology
Introduction
• Cancer is a complex group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled
growth and spread of abnormal cells
• If the spread is not controlled, eventually resulting in death
• Over 100 different types of cancer
(Shewach and Kuchta, 2009).
Functional Foods
• National institute of health 2022
• Food that are fortified and enriched
With bioactive compounds such as:
• Vitamin, minerals, antioxidant, fiber
(Wang et al., 2021).
Normal vs. Cancer Cell
Statistical Analysis
Globally it is the leading causes of death
According to Cancer Statistics 2022 by WHO
• 20 million new cancer cases
• 9.7 million cancer deaths
(Bray et al., 2024).
Major type of Cancer
• 2.5 million new cases
Lung Cancer • 1.8 million deaths
• 2.3 million new cases
Breast Cancer • 670,000 deaths
• 1.9 million new cases
Colorectal Cancer • 900,000 deaths
• 760,000 deaths
Liver Cancer
(Bray et al., 2024).
Risk Factors
(Wiseman, 2019).
Cancer and Diet
• Research shows a strong connection between diet and cancer risk
• Functional foods and nutraceuticals are very crucial in maintaining the
health
• Bioactive compounds found in these foods have anti-cancerous
properties
(Aghajanpour et al., 2017).
Garlic and Cancer
(Nicastro et al., 2015).
Clinical Trials of Garlic
Green Tea and Cancer
(Lambert and Elias, 2010)
Turmeric and Cancer
(Garcea et al., 2005).
Other Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals
Category Sources Active Ingredient Effects
Fats Fatty fish, nuts Omega-3 Fatty Acids • Enhanced Immune Function
and seeds • Anti-Inflammatory Effects
Fruits and Cruciferous Sulforaphane • Promotion of Apoptosis
Vegetables Vegetables • Inhibition of Cell Proliferation
- Ginger Gingerol • Detoxification (removal of
carcinogens and toxins)
• Inhibition of cell growth
• Anti-inflammatory effect
- Tomato Lycopene • Anti-oxidant Properties
• Reduce cell growth
Freitas and Campos, 2019
Sapienza and Issa, 2016
Phytochemicals against Cancer Prevention
Food Phytochemical Protective Effect on Cancer
Apple • Flavonoids Slowed down the development of
• Anthocyanins • Colon
• Epicatechin • Lung
• Quercetin • Breast cancer cells
Berries • Flavonoids Decrease growth of
• Anthocyanins • Breast
• Catechins • Colon
• Kaempferol • Prostate cancer cells
• Resveratrol
Whole Grains • Lignans • Link to lower colorectal cancer risk
• Phenols
Coffee • Caffeine • Link to lower risk of endometrial and liver
• Diterpenes cancer
Cont.
Citrus fruits • Carotenoids Decrease growth and increase self-destruction of
• Beta-carotene • Colon
• Naringin • Mouth
• Liminoids • Skin
• Lung
• Breast
• Stomach cancers
Garlic • Allicin Reduce growth of
• Bladder
• Colon
• Prostate
• Stomach cancer cells
Slow down the growth of
• Breast
• Colon
• Oesophageal and lung cancer
(Maiuolo et al., 2021)
(Alzate et al., 2023).
Cancer Prevention
• According to WHO between 30–50% of all cancer cases are
preventable
• Not all cancers can be prevented but there are things one can do to
reduce your risk
• Lifestyle and nutritional modifications reduces the risk of developing
all type of cancers
(Kerschbaum and Nüssler,2019)
• Following are some general recommendations for cancer
prevention
Healthy Diet
Regular Physical Activity
Avoid Smoking
Alcohol Consumption
Protection from UV radiations
Regular Medical Check-ups
Maintaining a Healthy Weight
(Kerschbaum and Nüssler,2019)
(Mokbel and Mokbel, 2019).
(Mentella et al., 2019)
Conclusion
• Cancer prevention and treatment can be supported by both functional foods and
nutraceuticals
• Functional foods and nutraceuticals enriched with bioactive compounds exhibit anti-cancer
properties
• Bioactive compounds have been shown to destroy cancerous cells while preserving normal
cell function
• Integrating these into the diet can enhance the effectiveness of cancer therapy and improve
patient outcomes
Reference
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