PRESENTATION GROUP SIX
1. MSIGWA, YOHANES CHRISTIAN 31037/T.2023
2. MCHALA, RAMADHAN YUNUS 30765/T.203
3. ATHUMANI, HAWA SAIDI 31116/T.2023
4. ELIFARIJI, MECKSON MHINA 30538/T.2023
5. MHONGOLE, WALBURGA OFRED 32167/T.2023
6. MACHICHO, VICENT NOEL 31399/T.2023
7. MWIZAGI, FAITH MESHACK 31349/T.2023
8. MACHANO, IBRAHIM MAKAME 30530/T.2023
9. NKOMOL, SHEDRACK KAZIMOTO 31115/T.2023
10. KIGUHA, EMMANUEL ELIAS 31458/T.2023
11. NKANA, REHEMA ELIAS 31574/T.2023
12. EDWARD, KELVIN FINTAN 31994/T.2023
13. HUSSEIN, MWANAID MASUDI 31229/T.2023
PARTICLE BOARDS
INTRODUCTION;
• Thare are many kinds of engineered wooden products used to make
furniture and other wooden items for interior and external usage.
• Particle boards are engineered wooden products. It is known as low
density fibreboard or chip [Link] is a waste wood product made by
binding wood chips, saw dust or saw mill shavings with a synthetic resin
or some other binders. Urea Formaldehyde is commonly used as a glue
for binding the wooden chips. Particleboard can be used as a substitute
for ply wood for making furniture, interior lining of walls and ceilings,
substrate for counter tops, floor decking, roof sheathing, underlayment,
interior decorative paneling, etc.
MANUFACTURE OF PARTICLE
BOARDS
• 1. Raw Material Preparation
• Wood Waste Collection: Raw materials such as wood chips, sawdust, and shavings
are collected from sawmills, furniture factories, or recycled wood.
• Particle Size Reduction: These materials are processed into fine particles of uniform
size using machinery like hammer mills, chippers, or shredders.
• Purpose: Uniform particle size ensures consistent density and strength throughout
the board.
• 2. Drying
• Process: The wood particles are dried in industrial dryers (e.g., rotary or drum
dryers) to reduce their moisture content to around 2–8%, depending on the desired
board properties.
• Why Drying is Important: Excess moisture can interfere with the bonding of the
resin, leading to weak spots in the board. Proper drying ensures the adhesive can
C0NT..
• 3. Blending
• Mixing Resin with Particles: The dried particles are mixed with synthetic resins (such as urea-
formaldehyde for standard boards or phenol-formaldehyde for moisture-resistant boards).
Other additives, like wax (for water repellence) or fire retardants, may also be included.
• Precision: The resin must be evenly distributed to ensure uniform bonding. Specialized
machines spray resin onto the
• Additives: Depending on the intended use, additives like pigments or hardeners may be
included at this stage.
• 4. Forming
• Mat Formation: The resin-coated particles are spread onto a conveyor or forming station,
creating a layered mat.
• Top and Bottom Layers: Fine particles are often placed on the surface for a smoother finish.
• Core Layer: Coarser particles are placed in the middle to provide structural strength.
• Pre-Pressing: The mat is pre-pressed (cold pressing) to remove air pockets and improve the
uniformity of thickness before final pressing
CONT….
• 5. Hot Pressing
• Pressing Process: The mat is subjected to high temperatures (160–250°C) and pressure
(2–3 MPa) using hydraulic presses. This step cures the resin, bonding the particles into
a solid, cohesive board.
• Time and Control: The pressing time, temperature, and pressure are carefully
controlled based on the board's thickness and resin type.
• Result: The heat and pressure cause the resin to polymerize, creating strong bonds
between the wood particles.
• 6. Finishing
• Sanding: The surface is sanded to ensure smoothness and uniform thickness.
• Trimming: The edges of the boards are cut to desired dimensions.
• Lamination or Coating: Depending on the application, the boards may be laminated
with veneers, melamine paper, or other decorative or protective coatings
PROPERTIES OF PARTICLE BOARDS
• 1. Density: Moderate density (generally 600–800 kg/m³).
• 2. Surface Smoothness: Smooth surface, suitable for painting or laminating.
• 3. Mechanical Strength: Lower strength compared to solid wood and plywood.
• 4. Moisture Resistance: Varies based on the resin used; some types are moisture-
resistant.
• 5. Thermal and Acoustic Insulation: Provides decent insulation properties.
• 6. Eco-friendliness: Made from recycled wood waste, promoting sustainability.
• 7. Cost: Relatively inexpensive compared to solid wood or plywood.
TYPES OF PARTICLE BOARDS
• There are the various types of particle boards available in the market;
• 1. Single-Layer Particle Board:
• Consists of wood particles of the same sizes which are placed together. It is a flat
and dense board which can be veneered or plastic laminated but not [Link]
is a water resistant type of particle board but is not a waterproof. Single layer
particle are suitable for interior applications
CONT…
2. Three-Layer Particle Board:
• It consists of a layer of large wood particles sandwiched between two
layers made of very small and highly dense wood particles. The
amount of resin in the outer layer is more than in the inner layer. The
smooth surface of a three layer particle board is ideal for painting.
CONT…
3. Graded-Density Particle Board:
• It consists of a layer of a course wood particles which is sandwiched
between two layers made of fine wood particles. This type of a particle
board is used cabinets and wooden furniture's
CONT…
4. Cement-Bonded Particle Board:
• It has a magnesium based cement or Portland cement as a bonding
agent. The cement content is 60% while the wooden particles such as
wooden shavings, sawdust and wooden chips makeup the 20% of
composition. The remaining 20% is water. Due to the presence of
cement, this type of particle board is the resistant against moisture,
fire, and termites and rotting. High moisture resistance makes them
suitable for constructing false ceilings, walls and permanent
coverings for concrete floors and walls for buildings located in the
areas with high humidity. They are used for making fire resistance
furniture products.
CONT…
5. Melamine-Particle Board:
• It is made by fixing a decor paper infused with a melamine on the surface of the
particle board under high heat and pressure. The wood particle in the melamine
board are bonded using a melamine urea formaldehyde resin and wax emulsion
CONT…
• This makes it a water [Link] particle board resists
[Link] comes in a plethora of colours and texture, applicstions
of the melamine particle boards include wall paneling, furniture, wall
cladding, wardrobes and modular kitchens.
CONT…
6. Veneered particle board:
• This means that it has a thin slice of wood called veneer attached to its
surface. Veneer particle board appears like a natural wooden board.
Furthermore, a veneered particle board is also more resistant against warping
compared to a conventional particle board.
CONT…
1. Laminated particle board:
• When a thin laminated sheet is attached to the surface of a plain particle board, it
becomes a laminated particle board. Laminate sheet not only improves the
aesthetics of a particle but also improve the its durability.
USES OF PARTICLE BOARDS
• 1. Furniture: Used in making lightweight furniture like desks, cabinets, and
shelves.
• 2. Interior Paneling: For walls and ceilings in homes and offices.
• 3. Flooring: Subflooring or underlayment in construction projects.
• 4. Kitchen Cabinets and Countertops: Laminated boards are common in
kitchens.
• 5. Partitions: Temporary or semi-permanent room partitions.
• 6. Decorative Applications: With veneers or laminates, it is used for aesthetic
purposes.
