School of Statistics

PRESENTATION ON

“SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING”
Submitted for the partial fulfilment of the Degree -
Master of Science in Statistics (2024-2026)

Guided by: Presented by:

Dr. Arpita Lakhare Aditi Nandi
Assistant Professor ST5A-2401
School of Statistics Msc Statistics Sem1
SYSTEMATIC
SAMPLING
Your results
are only as
good as your
sample.
SYSTEMATIC
SAMPLING
Systematic sampling is a probability sampling method in
which researchers select members of the population at a
regular interval (or k) determined in advance.
If the population order is random or random-like (e.g.,
alphabetical), then this method will give you a
representative sample that can be used to draw
conclusions about your population of interest.
 STEPS
The following steps are
INVOLVED
followed in the method of
systematic sampling
01 02 03 04

Define the Decide on the Calculate Select every kth

Thispopulation
is the group from sample size sampling member and collect
which you are sampling From list of population,
data randomly
How many subjects is Thisinterval K by
can be achieved select a starting point on your
needed to sample from the dividing the population size list, and from there, select
population to get a by the desired sample size. every kth member of the
reflective idea of it?
population to include in your
sample.
 STEPS
The following steps are
INVOLVED
followed in the method of
systematic sampling
05 06

Choose a starting Begin choosing every

This canpoint
be done by kth member from
selecting a random number. For instance, If you have a starting
point ofstarting point
15 and a sample interval of
100, the first member of the sample
would be 115, and so forth.
 Examples

1 2 3
To sample 8
Assume that, in a To select a random
group of 1,000 people houses from a
population of 10,000 from a population of street of 120
people, a statistician 50,000 using systematic houses.
selects every 100th sampling, all the 120/8=15, so
person for sampling. potential participants every 15th
must be placed on a list
The sampling house is chosen
and a starting point
intervals can also be would be selected. Once
after a random
systematic, such as the list is formed, every starting point
50th person on the list between 1 and
choosing a new
(starting the count at 15. If the
sample to draw from the selected starting random starting
every 12 hours. point) would be chosen point is 11, then
as a participant, since
50,000 ÷ 1,000 = 50.0
the houses
 TYPES OF SYSTEMATIC
SAMPLING
Here are some of the different
types of systematic sampling:
LINEAR
SYSTEMATIC
CIRCULAR
SAMPLING
SYSTEMATIC
2 SAMPLING
1 3
SYSTEMATIC
RANDOM
 Explaining Types Circular systematic
Systematic random
sampling:
Systematic random sampling is a method to select sampling:
In circular systematic sampling, a
samples at a particular preset interval. sample starts again from the same
point once again after ending; thus,
[Link], calculate and fix the sampling interval. the name. For example, if N = 7 and n
= 2, k=3.5. There are two probable
[Link] a random starting point between 1 and the ways to form sample:
sampling interval. [Link] we consider k=3, the
samples will be – ad, be,
[Link], repeat the sampling interval to choose ca, db and ec.
subsequent elements.
[Link] we consider k=4, the
samples will be – ae, ba,
Linear systematic sampling: cb, dc and ed.
In Linear systematic sampling we follow the process How is a circular systematic sample selected?
as-
•Calculate sampling interval (k) = N/n. (If N = 11
•Arrange the entire population in a classified and n = 2, then k is taken as 5 and not 6)
sequence. •Start randomly between 1 to N
•Select the sample size (n)
•Create samples by skipping through k units
•Calculate sampling interval (k) = N/n
every time until you select members of the
•Select a random number between 1 to k (including k)
•Add the sampling interval (k) to the chosen random entire population.
number to add the next member to a sample and
•In the case of this method, there will be N
repeat this procedure to add remaining members of number of samples, unlike k samples in the
the sample. linear systematic sampling method.
 ADVANTAGES
Compared to other sampling It yield a sample that accurately represents the
methods, such as stratified or cluster larger population when implemented correctly.
sampling, systematic sampling is This is because each element in the population
relatively straightforward. has an equal chance of being included in the
sample.
Reduced sampling Uniform
Efficiency bias Coverage

Ease of Representativeness
implementation
When calculated, the sampling interval It can reduce certain types of bias that may arise in It ensures uniform
can be used by the researchers to other sampling methods, such as convenience population coverage by
identify their sample units easily and sampling. By systematically selecting sample regularly selecting sample
quickly without any complicated elements from the population, minimizes the risk of elements. Unlike other
randomization steps inadvertently favoring certain characteristics or sampling methods, which
groups within the population. maybe uneven
 DISADVANTAGES

Assumes size of Need for natural Greater risk of

population can degree of manipulation
be determined randomness

A population needs to exhibit a natural There is a greater risk of data

The systematic method assumes manipulation with systematic
degree of randomness along the chosen
the size of the population is sampling because researchers
metric. If the population has a type of
available or can be reasonably standardized pattern, the risk of might be able to construct their
approximated. accidentally choosing very common cases is systems to increase the likelihood
more apparent. of achieving a targeted outcome.
 When to use Systematic
Sampling?
Large Resource Ordered Quality
Population constraints Population Control

When resources such It is especially effective When regular monitoring

When dealing with large when the population is or quality control
populations where it's as time, money, or
naturally ordered or measures are required,
impractical to survey or personnel are limited,
arranged in a sequence, systematic sampling can
study every individual, systematic sampling
such as a list of students in be applied to ensure
systematic sampling can balance efficiency a school or customers in a consistent and systematic
offers an efficient way to and accuracy, requiring database. It ensures that data collection over time,
select a representative fewer resources than each element in the used in manufacturing
sample. other sampling population has an equal processes, customer
 Systematic Cluster Sampling
sampling
Definition Definition
Selects samples at Selects samples randomly
regular intervals from a without any specific order
list or sequence. or interval.
Method
Method
Population is divided into clusters and
A starting point is chosen at
some clusters are chosen randomly; all
random, and samples are selected members of selected clusters are included.
at fixed intervals
Randomness Randomness
Partially random (starting point Randomness lies in the selection of
is random, but subsequent clusters, not individuals within them.
selections follow a fixed
pattern). Population Division
Population
Requires the population to be divided
Does not require Division
population
into clusters, which may be naturally
division into groups or clusters.
occurring or artificially created.
Efficiency
Efficiency
Faster and simpler to implement for a
sequential or ordered list. More efficient when the population
is naturally divided into well-defined
clusters.
Systematic sampling is a practical and efficient method for selecting
representative samples from large populations. Its structured approach
and ability to balance efficiency and representativeness make it a
valuable tool for researchers across diverse fields.
By selecting sample elements regularly, systematic sampling ensures
uniform population coverage while reducing bias and resource
expenditure. Whether applied in market research, quality control, or
social sciences, systematic sampling provides researchers with a
reliable means of obtaining valuable insights while optimizing sampling
efforts.