The Skeletal
System
Understanding the Framework of the Human Body
What if
humans had
no bones?
Our body would be non functional and with
Today, you’ll be able
to:
Understand the major components of the
human skeletal system
Did you know babies are
born with about 300
Explain the functions of the skeleton bones, but adults only
end up with 206?
Identify specific bones and their roles in the Some bones fuse as we
body grow!
The Skeletal
System
It serves as a framework for the human
body. It comprises bones and connective
tissues, including cartilage, tendons and
ligaments.
Bones are living tissues with blood supply.
They constantly change and remodel as
humans grow.
patella
sternu
m
Naming the skull
femur
spine
Human ribs
radius
ulna
Bones
Can you try to point out which humerus tibia
bones the listed names refer to?
pelvis fibula
Try to do it on your own without
looking at other resources and scapula
see how many you can identify.
Answer Key
sternum
skull
scapula
Naming the spine
ribs
humerus
Human radius
Bones
Did you know that bones also pelvis
serve as storehouses for two
ulna
minerals: calcium and femur
phosphorus? These minerals are
essential for nerves and cells to tibia
patella
function properly.
fibula
Types of Bones
Bones are classified according to their shapes.
Long Bone Short Bone
• Cylindrical in • Small and
shape compact
• Acts as a lever • Designed for
and helps strength and
carpal
support the stability
femur bone
weight of the
body
Types of Bones
Bones are classified according to their shapes.
Flat Bone Irregular
• Has a flat surface • HasBone
a complex
• Serves as a shape
protector and a • Has a variety of
point of muscle functions, such
attachment as protection and
scapula vertebra providing support
Lesson Checkpoint
Name the bones below! What types of bones are they,
and what are their primary functions?
Answer Key
Lesson Checkpoint
Remember that human bones are grouped according to their
shape, with the main types being flat, irregular, short and long
bones.
sternum (flat) pelvis (irregular) tibia (long)
protection of heart attachment of weight-bearing
and lungs muscles
Functions of the Skeleton
The spine of an average
Support adult is made up of 26
bones.
It gives shape and
support to the
body. 24 individual
vertebrae
The spine, for
example, helps
humans maintain an sacrum
coccyx (tailbone)
upright position.
Functions of the Skeleton
Protection
Bones protect our
internal organs.
The human skull consists
For example, the
of 22 bones fused
skull protects our together.
brain, while the
ribcage safeguards These bones cannot move
except for the mandible
the heart and lungs. (lower jaw).
Functions of the Skeleton
Movement
Bones team up with
joints and muscles
Bones in the
to allow movement.
elbows and knees
are joined by
As muscles contract, flexible joints.
they pull on the bones,
enabling people to These joints allow
the bones to
walk, run, jump and
glide, swing or
engage in various rotate.
activities.
Functions of the Skeleton
Producing In adults, most
blood cells are
Blood Cells produced in the
spine, hips, ribs
and breastbone.
Red and white
blood cells are Blood cell
production in
produced in the children,
bone marrow—a however, takes
soft, spongy place in the
material in the long bones like
the femur.
hollow centre of a
person’s bones.
Bones and
Beyond
Choose one bone amongst all that you
have learnt today. What makes this
bone unique and what is its role in the
human body?
Share your answers with your seatmate
and prepare to discuss them in class.
A Recap
The Human Functions of the
Types of Bones
Skeleton Skeleton
The skeletal system
It serves as a
Bones in the human supports the body,
framework for the
body are grouped as protects organs, allows
body. It is comprised of
long, short, flat and movement and
bones and connective
irregular. produces red blood
tissues.
cells.
Looking Further:
How Broken Bones
Heal
Bones are made up of living tissues and
have an incredible ability to heal.
Create an infographic or a graphic organiser
in Canva showing the key stages of how
bones regenerate and remodel after a
fracture.
Resource Page
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