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DAG Representation in Compiler Design

The document discusses the Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) representation for basic blocks in compiler design, detailing how nodes are labeled and structured. It outlines an algorithm for constructing a DAG, including steps for handling undefined variables and common sub-expressions. Additionally, it highlights the applications of DAGs in detecting common sub-expressions and identifying the usage of identifiers within a block.

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44 views11 pages

DAG Representation in Compiler Design

The document discusses the Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) representation for basic blocks in compiler design, detailing how nodes are labeled and structured. It outlines an algorithm for constructing a DAG, including steps for handling undefined variables and common sub-expressions. Additionally, it highlights the applications of DAGs in detecting common sub-expressions and identifying the usage of identifiers within a block.

Uploaded by

revicse
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ARASU ENGINEERING

COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Prepared by
Mrs. V. Revathy
Assistant
Professor/ CSE
THE DAG REPRESENTATION FOR BASIC BLOCKS

 A DAG for a basic block is a directed acyclic graph with the


following labels on nodes:

1. Leaves are labeled by unique identifiers, either variable


names or constants.
2. Interior nodes are labeled by an operator symbol.
3. Nodes are also optionally given a sequence of identifiers
for labels to store the computed values.

CS8602-COMPILER DESIGN / V. REVATHY / AP/ CSE - AEC


THE DAG REPRESENTATION FOR BASIC BLOCKS

 DAGs are useful data structures for implementing


transformations on basic blocks.
 It gives a picture of how the value computed by a
statement is used in subsequent statements.
 It provides a good way of determining common sub -
expressions.

CS8602-COMPILER DESIGN / V. REVATHY / AP/ CSE - AEC


THE DAG REPRESENTATION FOR BASIC BLOCKS

Algorithm for construction of DAG


Input: A basic block
Output: A DAG for the basic block containing the following
information:
1. A label for each node. For leaves, the label is an identifier.
For interior nodes, an operator symbol.
2. For each node a list of attached identifiers to hold the
computed values.
Case (i) x : = y OP z
Case (ii) x : = OP y
Case (iii) x : = y
CS8602-COMPILER DESIGN / V. REVATHY / AP/ CSE - AEC
THE DAG REPRESENTATION FOR BASIC BLOCKS
Method:
Step 1:
 If y is undefined then create node(y).
 If z is undefined, create node(z) for case(i).
Step 2:
 For the case(i), create a node(OP) whose left child is
node(y) and right child is node(z). (Checking for common
sub expression). Let n be this node.
 For case(ii), determine whether there is node(OP) with
one child node(y). If not create such a node.
 For case(iii), node n will be node(y).

CS8602-COMPILER DESIGN / V. REVATHY / AP/ CSE - AEC


THE DAG REPRESENTATION FOR BASIC BLOCKS
Step 3:
 Delete x from the list of identifiers for node(x). Append x to
the list of attached identifiers for the node n found in step
2 and set node(x) to n.
Stages in DAG Construction

CS8602-COMPILER DESIGN / V. REVATHY / AP/ CSE - AEC


THE DAG REPRESENTATION FOR BASIC BLOCKS

CS8602-COMPILER DESIGN / V. REVATHY / AP/ CSE - AEC


THE DAG REPRESENTATION FOR BASIC BLOCKS

CS8602-COMPILER DESIGN / V. REVATHY / AP/ CSE - AEC


THE DAG REPRESENTATION FOR BASIC BLOCKS
CODE BLOCK:

CS8602-COMPILER DESIGN / V. REVATHY / AP/ CSE - AEC


THE DAG REPRESENTATION FOR BASIC BLOCKS
Application of DAGs:
1. We can automatically detect common sub expressions.
2. We can determine which identifiers have their values
used in the block.
3. We can determine which statements compute values that
could be used outside the block.

CS8602-COMPILER DESIGN / V. REVATHY / AP/ CSE - AEC


CS8602-COMPILER DESIGN / V. REVATHY / AP/ CSE - AEC

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