ASIAN REGIONALISM
Asian Regionalism is characterized by
plurality and contest. The building of
regional institutions is not only a response
to the need for practical co-operation in
commercial, security and other matters, but
is also shaped by specific national interests
and national rivalries, and by different ways
of thinking about ‘region’.
Asian regionalism refers to the growing
political, economic, and social cooperation
between countries in the Asian continent,
primarily facilitated by institutions like
ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian
Nations), aimed at promoting regional
stability and development, but often
hindered by complex geopolitical dynamics
including competing national interests and
territorial disputes between major powers
like China, Japan, and India.
Asian regionalization refers to the
increasing economic and political
integration between countries in Asia,
primarily driven by trade agreements,
investment flows, and collaborative
initiatives like ASEAN (Association of
Southeast Asian Nations), with the goal of
fostering shared prosperity across the
region; this trend is often cited as a key
factor in Asia's economic growth and is
characterized by a "flying geese" model of
development where more advanced
economies lead the way for less developed
characterized by plurality and
contest... building
Asian globalization regional
refers to the
increasing economic, social,
institutions is shaped by specific and
cultural integration of Asian
national interests and national
countries with the global economy,
rivalries, and by
characterized byrapid
different ways
trade flows,
of thinking
foreignabout 'region'"."Asian
investment, and
regionalism
technological is characterized
exchange, leading to aby
significant rise in Asia's
plurality and contest... building global
economic influence; this trend is
regional institutions is shaped
evident in the growing share of Asian by
specific
countriesnational
in global GDPinterests and
and exports,
national
with rivalries,
China being a majoranddriverbyof
characterized by plurality and
contest... building regional
institutions is shaped by specific
national interests and national
“Globalization in Asia: Flows and networks
rivalries,
shaping and
the by
Asiandifferent
Century”. ways
of thinking about 'region'"."Asian
regionalism is characterized
This report highlights Asia's rising by
economic power as a key aspect
plurality and contest... building of
globalization, with data on Asia's increasing
regional institutions is shaped
share of global GDP and consumption.
by
specific national interests and
national rivalries, and by
institutions
Difference betweenis shaped by specific
Globalization and
national interests
Regionalization and national
rivalries, and by different ways
Nature
of thinking
- Globalization promotes the about
integration'region'".
of economies across
"Regionalism
state borders in but
all around the world Asia" - Asia-
regionalization is
precisely the opposite because it is dividing an area into smaller
[Link] Institute, Universiti
Malaya: "Asian regionalism is
Market characterized by plurality and
contest...
- Globalization building
allows company to trade onregional
international level so
it allows free market but in regionalized system, monopolies are
moreinstitutions
likely to develop. is shaped by specific
institutions
Difference betweenis shaped by specific
Globalization and
national interests
Regionalization and national
rivalries, and by different ways
Cultural and Societal relations
of acceleration
-Globalization thinkingto about 'region'".
multiculturalism by free and
"Regionalism
inexpensive movement of peoplein butAsia" - Asia-
regionalization does not
support this.
Europe Institute, Universiti
Aid Malaya: "Asian regionalism is
characterized by plurality and
-Globalized international community is also willing to come to
the aid of a country stricken by a natural disaster but a
contest...
regionalized system not getbuilding regional
involved in the affairs of other
areas.
institutions is shaped by specific
institutions is shaped
Difference between by specific
Globalization and
national interests
Regionalization and national
rivalries, and by different ways
Technological advances
of thinking
- Globalization about
has driven great advances 'region'".
in technology but
advanced"Regionalism in Asia"
technology is rarely available in one-country
Asia-or region.
Europe Institute, Universiti
Malaya: "Asian regionalism is
characterized by plurality and
contest... building regional
institutions is shaped by specific
Effects of Asian
Regionalism
• The economies of Asia have grown more
wealthy and closer together
• New technological trends have further
strengthened ties among countries in the Asian
region.
• Financial crisis during 1997/1998
• Asian economies are becoming closely
Pros and Cons of Asian
Regionalism
Pros:
- Connect the region's capital markets to enhance financial
stability, reduce the cost of capital, and improve
opportunities for sharing risks.
- Pool the region's foreign exchange reserves to make more
resources available for investment and development .
- Create regional mechanisms to manage cross-border
health, safety, and environmental issues better .
Pros and Cons of Asian
Regionalism
Cons:
- Migration: the combination or rapidly growing population in
much of the developing world, increasingly porous national
borders and disparities in economic growth rates have sparked a
dramatic increase in international migration .
- Organized crime & threats from "non-state" actors: through the
increasing ease of communication & transportation flows, and
growing permeability of national borders, organized crime
networks, terrorism drugs & weapon traffickers, and even human
smugglers face fewer constraints in their activity .
- Weakening regional institutions because of rifts (gaps) between
authoritarian members of ASEAN: "Flexible engagement" allow for
countries to comment on each other's internal policy matters.
Examples of Asian Regionalism
ASEAN: The Association of Southeast Asian Nations
was founded in the 1950s and 1960s. Its goals include
economic growth, social progress, cultural
development, and regional peace.
APEC: The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation is an
example of regionalism in Asia.
The Belt and Road Initiative: This is another
example of regionalism in Asia.
The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
(AIIB): This is another example of regionalism in Asia.
Factors that leads to greater
integration of Asian Region
Objectives
To define what is Asia Integration
To differentiate and define the
factors
of Asian Integration
To know how the factors of Asian
Integration works
What is Asia Integration?
the act of bringing together the
smaller components into a single
system that functions one.
the liberalization and facilitation of
the flow of trade in good, services,
investment and movement of
people across borders.
Factor of Asian Integration
1. Mutual benefits
- When it comes to trade, these nations can
readily simply each other’s need.
2. Trade
- The world economy is intertwined with each
other whether we like it or not. We all want or
need something from another part of the world,
and global trade facilitates all the transactions.
Factor of Asian Integration
3. Similar Culture
- The culture of Asia is diverse but they do share
many things. This makes it easier to at during
times of negotiations. The people of this region
are generally alike in appearance, temperament
which is seemingly peaceful. They tend to get
along quite well even on an individual level.
Factor of Asian Integration
4. Common Goals
- The Asian region recognizes the mutual benefit
of a slow integration, and that is to accelerate
economic growth, social progress , cultural
development and to promote peace.
Factor of Asian Integration
5. Similar Security Needs
- Aside from small localized rebels, this
association needs only to contend with foreign
supported terrorist groups which are usually
handled well.
Factor of Asian Integration
6. Trading Agreements
- Regional trading agreements refers to an
agreement that is signed by two or more
countries to encourage free movement of goods
and services across the borders of its members.
- The agreement comes with internal rules that
member countries follow among themselves.
6. Trading Agreements
- When dealing with non-member countries, there are
external rules in places that the members adhere to.
Quotas, tariffs, and other forms of trade barriers
restrict the transport of manufacturing goods and
services.
- Regional trading agreements help reduce
or remove the
barriers on trade. Types of Regional Trading
Agreements vary depending on the level of
commitment and arrangement among the member
countries.
Thank you!
References:
Asian Regionalism
Reference:
[Link]
Asian Regionalization
Reference:
[Link]
10.1080/24761028.2019.1688905
Asian Globalization
Reference:
[Link]
insights/asia-pacific/the-future-of-
asia-asian-flows-and-networks-are-
defining-the-next-phase-of-
globalization
Difference between Globalization
and Regionalization
Reference:
[Link]
/regionalization-vs-globalisation/
55445315
Effects of Asian Regionalism
Reference:
[Link]
ian-regionalism-and-its-implications-
for-sino-u-s-relations/
[Link]
emergingasianregionalism/pdfs/
Final_ear_chapters/chapter%[Link]
Pros and Cons of Asian Regionalism
Reference:
[Link]
gionalism/pdfs/Final_ear_chapters/ch
apter%[Link]
[Link]
/midterm-12-
challengestoregionalismpptpptx-
Examples of Asian Regionalism
Reference:
[Link]
blog/what-is-new-asian-
regionalism#:~:text=The%20first
%20wave%20of
%20global,expansion%20rather
%20than%20economic
%20integration.
Examples of Asian Regionalism
Reference:
[Link]
tdocs/2004_2009/documents/fd/
04_asean-generalin/04_asean-
[Link]
Examples of Asian Regionalism
Reference:
[Link]
in-asia
Factors that leads to greater
integration of Asian Region
Reference:
[Link]
actors-Leading-to-the-Greater-Integration-of-
Asian-Regions
