MENTAL

Dr. EUFEMIA HUESCA UMAMBONG, (PhDEM)

HEALTH
WHAT IS MENTAL
HEALTH?
Mental health includes our emotional,
psychological, and social well-being.
It affects how we think, feel, and act.

It also helps determine how we handle stress, relate to

others, and make choices.

Mental health is important at every stage of life, from

childhood and adolescence through adulthood.
5 MAIN WARNING SIGNS OF MENTAL ILLNESS
ARE AS FOLLOWS:

01 Excessive paranoia, worry, or anxiety

02 Long-lasting sadness or irritability

03 Extreme changes in moods

04 Social withdrawal

05 Dramatic changes in eating or sleeping

pattern
7 COMMON MENTAL HEALTH
DISORDERS
1. Depression
• The symptoms of depression may include feeling down or sad, feeling of
worthlessness, reduced ability to concentrate, forgetfulness, sleeping
problems, loss of appetite, headache, and thoughts of death or suicide.

2. Panic Disorder
• Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurring
unexpected panic attacks; causing shortness of breath, a racing
heartbeat, dizziness, feeling faint, or a fear of dying.
7 COMMON MENTAL HEALTH
DISORDERS
3. Schizophrenia
• The patients with schizophrenia will have the symptoms of hallucinations,
delusions, changes in facial expression, lack of interest in spending time with
other people, and anxiety.
• Schizophrenia is a chronic disease. If left untreated, the symptoms can
become more severe and difficult to cure.

4. Post-Traumatic Stress
• A disorder that develops in some people who have experienced a shocking,
Disorder
scary, or dangerous event; causing a feeling of fear or mistrust, and easily
gets startled.
7 COMMON MENTAL HEALTH
DISORDERS
5. Bipolar Disorder
• A condition that causes extreme mood swings between mania and depression

• May have a problem with self-control

6. Dementia
• There is deterioration in cognitive function, affecting daily activities
• Commonly found in elderly aged over 65 years old
• Dementia that is caused by hydrocephalus, tumor, intracerebral hemorrhage, thyroid
disease, vitamin B12 deficiency, syphilis infection, autoimmune disease, or medication
side effects can be reversed with treatment.

7. Phobias
• Persistent and intense fear of a certain thing or situation
• People with phobia will actively and immediately avoid the phobic
thing or situation.
STRESS

13
STRESS
• Stress is our body’s response to pressure. Many different situations or life
events can cause stress. It is often triggered when we experience something
new, unexpected or that threatens our sense of self, or when we feel we
have little control over a situation.

• We all deal with stress differently. Our ability to cope can depend on
our genetics, early life events, personality and social and economic
circumstances.
WHY DOES When you feel threatened, your nervous
system responds by releasing a flood of
stress hormones, including adrenaline

STRESS and cortisol, which rouse the body for

emergency action.

HAPPEN?
Your heart pounds faster, muscles
tighten, blood pressure rises, breath
quickens, and your senses become
sharper.
WHAT CAUSES STRESS?
• being under lots of pressure.

• facing big changes.

• worrying about something.

• not having much or any control over the outcome of a situation.

• having responsibilities that you're finding overwhelming.

• not having enough work, activities or change in your life.

• times of uncertainty.
WHAT ARE THE PHYSICAL SIGNS
OF STRESS?
• Aches and pains.

• Chest pain or a feeling like your heart is racing.

• Exhaustion or trouble sleeping.

• Headaches, dizziness or shaking.

• High blood pressure.

• Muscle tension or jaw clenching.

• Stomach or digestive problems.

• Trouble having sex.

WHAT ARE THE EMOTIONAL
SIGNS OF STRESS?
• Depression or anxiety.

• Anger, irritability, or restlessness.

• Feeling overwhelmed, unmotivated, or unfocused.

• Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much.

• Racing thoughts or constant worry.

• Problems with your memory or concentration.

• Making bad decisions.

HOW CAN STRESS AFFECT YOUR BODY?
Being able to recognize common stress symptoms can help you
manage them. Stress that's left unchecked can contribute to many
health problems, such as high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity
and diabetes.

HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE YOUR BODY TO

RECOVER FROM STRESS?
In other words, the internal alarms turn off, the high levels of energy
subside, and the body re-sets itself to a normal state of balance and
equilibrium. Typically, this should occur within approximately one
month of the event.
CAN YOUR BODY SHUT DOWN FROM
STRESS?
"When the body cannot handle emotional overload, it simply begins to shut
down. And that is often manifested by a sense of extreme tiredness and
fatigue," says Kalayjian.

IS THERE A MEDICATION FOR STRESS?

Feelings of stress are a reaction to things happening in your life, not a
mental health problem, so there's no specific medication for stress.
HOW CAN WE HANDLE STRESS IN
HEALTHY WAYS?
• Eat and drink to optimize your health.

• Exercise regularly.

• Stop using tobacco and nicotine products.

• Study and practice relaxation techniques.

• Reduce triggers of stress.

• Examine your values and live by them.

• Assert yourself.

• Set realistic goals and expectations.

Depression
What Is Depression?
• Depression (major depressive disorder) is a common and serious medical illness
that negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and how you act.

• Depression causes feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities you

once enjoyed. It can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems and can
decrease your ability to function at work and at home.

• Depression is also treatable.

Depression symptoms can vary from
mild to severe and can include:
• Feeling sad or having a depressed mood
• Loss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed
• Changes in appetite — weight loss or gain unrelated to dieting
• Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much
• Loss of energy or increased fatigue
• Increase in purposeless physical activity (e.g., inability to sit still, pacing,
handwringing) or slowed movements or speech (these actions must be severe
enough to be observable by others)
• Feeling worthless or guilty
• Difficulty thinking, concentrating or making decisions
• Thoughts of death or suicide
Causes of Depression
There are several possible causes of depression. They can range from biological to circumstantial.
• Brain chemistry. There may be a chemical imbalance in parts of the brain that manage mood,
thoughts, sleep, appetite, and behavior in people who have depression.
• Hormone levels. Changes in female hormones estrogen and progesterone during different periods of
time like during the menstrual cycle, postpartum period, perimenopause, or menopause may all raise a
person’s risk for depression.
• Family history. You’re at a higher risk for developing depression if you have a family history of
depression or another mood disorder.
• Early childhood trauma. Some events affect the way your body reacts to fear and stressful situations.
• Medical conditions. Certain conditions may trust source put you at higher risk, such as chronic illness,
insomnia, chronic pain, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, heart attack, and cancer.
• Substance use. A history of substance or alcohol misuse can affect your risk.
• Pain. People who feel emotional or chronic physical pain for long periods of time are significantly more
likely trusted source to develop depression.
TREATMENT FOR 01
Medication: Brain chemistry may contribute to an
individual’s depression and may factor into their

DEPRESSION treatment. For this reason, antidepressants might be

prescribed to help modify one’s brain chemistry.
You may successfully manage symptoms
with one form of treatment, or you may find Psychotherapy: also known as “talk therapy,” is
that a combination of treatments works 02 when a person speaks to a trained therapist to
best. identify and learn to cope with the factors that
contribute to their mental health condition, such as
It’s common to combine medical treatments depression.
and lifestyle therapies, including the
following: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): uses
03 electrical currents to induce a seizure, and has been
shown to help people with clinical depression. It’s
used in people with severe depression or depression
that is resistant to other treatments or
antidepressant medications.
NATURAL REMEDIES AND LIFESTYLE TIPS
Exercise
01 Aim for 30 minutes of physical activity 3 to 5 days a week. Exercise can increase your body’s
production of endorphins, which are hormones that improve your mood.

Avoid alcohol and substance use

02 Drinking alcohol or misusing substances may make you feel better for a little bit. But in the
long run, these substances can make depression and anxiety symptoms worse.

Learn how to set limits

03 Feeling overwhelmed can worsen anxiety and depression symptoms. Setting boundaries in
your professional and personal life can help you feel better.

Take care of yourself

04 You can also improve symptoms of depression by taking care of yourself. This includes
getting plenty of sleep, eating a healthy diet, avoiding negative people, and participating in
enjoyable activities.
How do you maintain
mental health?
How to look after your mental health
01 Talk about your feelings. 05 Keep in touch

02 Keep Active 06 Ask for help

03 Eat Well 07 Take a break

04 Drink sensibly 08 Do something you are good

at
CRISIS Events or circumstances:

INTERVENTIONS Life-threatening situations, such as natural disasters,

sexual assault, medical illness, mental illness, thoughts
Crisis – refer to any situation in which the of suicide or homicide, loss or drastic changes in
individual perceives a sudden loss of his/her relationships (death of a loved one or
ability to use effective problem-solving and divorce/annulment
coping skills.

Crisis Intervention
urgent and temporary care given to an individual in
01 order to interrupt the downward spiral of maladaptive
behavior and return the individual to their usual level of
pre-crisis functioning.
methods used to offer immediate, short-term help to
02 individuals who experience an event that produces
emotional, mental, physical, and behavioral distress or
problems.
QUICK COPING STRATEGIES
Mindfulness and Meditation
Grounding with the 5 senses

05 things that you see

04 things that you touch

03 things that you hear

02 things that you smell or like to smell

01 thing you taste (alternatively, you can identify 1 thing you like about
yourself if tasting is not readily available.)
 Breathing Exercise
When we become stressed, we tend to breathe shallowly from our chest.
Deep breathing from your belly increases the oxygen in your body, to your brain,
and stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes a state of
physical and emotional calmness.

Try this
exercise:

Inhale deep and Exhale completely Repeat as many

slowly for 5 seconds for 5 seconds times as you can
10
“You don’t have to struggle in
silence. You can be un-silent. You
can live well with a mental health,
as long as you open up to
somebody about it”
- Demi Lavato
 “Mental health is not a
destination, but a process.
It’s about how you drive, not
where you’re going.”
REMEMBER!

“You are worthy!

You are loved!”
Thank You!