COLLEGE OF NURSING, AIIMS, BIBINAGAR
DRC PRESENTATION
Guide: Mr. Azhar S.M
Assistant professor
Co-Guide:Dr.Jissa
George T. Presenter : Risal
Assosiate Professor M.sc Nursing first year
(2024 batch)
Medical Co-Guide:Dr.
CON, AIIMS, Bibinagar
Durgesh
Title Of the study
Prevalence and determinants of anemia among adolescent girls in
selected schools of rural areas of Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district,
Telangana.
Introduction of the study
Anemia is a widespread public health issue, particularly affecting
adolescent girls in rural areas due to inadequate nutrition, poor
healthcare access, and socio-economic constraints. It is primarily
caused by iron deficiency but can also result from chronic diseases,
infections, and genetic disorders.
In India, nearly 59.8% of adolescent girls in rural areas suffer from
anemia, which can lead to fatigue, poor academic performance,
delayed growth, and increased susceptibility to infections,
significantly impacting their overall well-being.
Introduction of the study
In Telangana, particularly in rural regions, the prevalence of anemia
among adolescent girls is alarmingly high. A study conducted in a
residential school in Bibinagar village found that 81.6% of the
participants were anemic, with a significant proportion experiencing
moderate to severe anemia. Despite many girls being aware of
anemia, knowledge about iron-rich foods and its causes remains
limited.
According to these concerns this study aims to assess the prevalence
of anemia among school-going adolescent girls in Yadadri
Bhuvanagiri district, Telangana, while identifying key socio-economic,
dietary, and behavioral factors contributing to it. The findings will
help develop targeted interventions to improve adolescent girls'
health and nutritional status in rural areas.
Introduction of the study
Author/Year/Study
. Research Context Findings
Design/Setting
81.6% of participants were
Investigated anemia anemic (32.7% severe, 31.8%
Kamble et al., 2024; Cross-
prevalence and awareness moderate, 17.1% mild);
sectional study; Residential
among adolescent girls in a 86.2% had heard of anemia,
school in Bibinagar, Telangana
rural residential school but only 27.6% knew about
iron-rich foods
Hemoglobin levels <13 g/dl in
men, <12 g/dl in non-
Defined anemia thresholds
WHO (Global) pregnant women, and <11
for different populations
g/dl in pregnant women are
considered anemic
Highlighted adolescent girls
as a vulnerable group to Rural areas have limited
WHO (Focus on Adolescent
anemia due to iron healthcare access, worsening
Girls)
deficiency, infections, and the anemia burden
poor nutrition
Introduction of the study
Author/Year/Study
.
Design/Setting Research Context Findings
59.8% of adolescent girls
Examined anemia in rural India are anemic,
India (National Study) prevalence in adolescent affecting growth,
girls, particularly in rural academic performance,
areas and overall health
Assessed the high anemia
Telangana (Regional prevalence in rural High prevalence due to
Study) populations with poor socio-economic conditions
healthcare and nutrition and limited health services
Mixed-methods approach
Aims to determine anemia
to analyze hemoglobin
Present Study (Mixed- prevalence and
levels, nutrition,
methods; Yadadri contributing factors awareness, and healthcare
Bhuvanagiri, Telangana) among school-going access for targeted
adolescent girls interventions
Rationale of the study
•Anemia remains a significant public health concern among
adolescent girls in rural Telangana, impacting their growth, cognitive
development, and overall well-being.
•Limited access to healthcare, poor nutrition, and socio-economic
challenges contribute to its high prevalence. Studies indicate that a
large proportion of adolescent girls lack awareness about iron-rich
foods and the causes of anemia, further exacerbating the issue.
•This study aims to assess the prevalence and key determinants of
anemia among school-going adolescent girls in Yadadri Bhuvanagiri
district. The findings will provide valuable insights to develop
targeted interventions, improve nutritional awareness, and enhance
healthcare strategies to combat anemia effectively in rural
communities.
Research question
•What is the prevalence of anemia among school-going adolescent
girls in rural Telangana?
•What socio-economic, dietary, and behavioral factors contribute to
anemia in this population?
•How aware are adolescent girls about anemia, its causes, and
prevention?
•What strategies can be implemented to reduce anemia prevalence
and improve adolescent health outcomes?
Novelty/ Innovation
•Focuses on adolescent girls in rural Telangana, a group with limited
research data.
• Uses a mixed-methods approach, combining hemoglobin
assessments with qualitative insights.
• Explores cultural and social barriers that contribute to anemia.
Findings will help develop school-based interventions and
community health programs.
Feasibility
•Adolescent girls in selected rural schools of Yadadri Bhuvanagiri
district, Telangana. The study leverages school-based settings for
easy participant recruitment and data collection.
Current status of research & development
International Status:
WHO and global health organizations prioritize anemia reduction
through iron supplementation and dietary interventions.
Studies highlight socio-economic and dietary factors as key
contributors to anemia.
National Status (India):
Government initiatives like Anemia Mukt Bharat aim to reduce
anemia prevalence.
Research shows high anemia rates in adolescent girls, especially in
rural areas.
Gaps remain in awareness, access to iron-rich foods, and cultural
influences.
Relevance & expected outcome
Relevance:
Addresses a critical public health issue affecting adolescent girls.
Findings will support local health policies and nutrition
programs.
Expected Outcomes:
• Data-driven recommendations for anemia prevention.
• Improved awareness and health-seeking behavior among
adolescent girls.
• Development of targeted school-based interventions.
Preliminary work
Literature Review:
Extensive review of national and international research on anemia
prevalence and determinants among adolescent girls.
Identification of key risk factors, intervention gaps, and
methodological approaches from previous studies.
Tool Development:
•Preparation of a structured questionnaire covering determinants of
anemia(Socio-economic factors , Dietary intake , Menstrual health
practices, Deworming practices .)
•Anthropometric Measurements
•Hemoglobin estimation
• Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) Assessment
• In-depth interview and FGDs
Preliminary work
Pilot Study:
Conducted a pilot test with 10% of the total sample size in a similar
setting.
Evaluated the clarity, reliability, and feasibility of the questionnaire
and study tools.
Necessary modifications made based on participant feedback and
expert validation.
Ethical Approval & Permissions:
Obtained ethical clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee.
Approvals from school authorities and local health officials to conduct
data collection.
Consent from parents and students .
Preliminary work
Procurement of Equipment & Resources:
Arranged True Hb meters, standardized measuring tapes, calibrated
weighing machines, and necessary logistics for smooth data
collection.
Specific objectives
Primary objective:
To determine the prevalence and determinants of anemia among
adolescent girls.
Secondary objectives:
To explore perceptions, cultural practices, and barriers related to
the prevention of anemia among adolescent girls.
Work plan
.
Activities Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6
Literature review ████ ████ ████ ████ ████
Ethical approval (IEC) ████ ████
Study tool development ████ ████
School selection ████ ████
Pilot study (10%) ████
Tool refinement ████
Data collection ████ ████
Focus group discussion ████
Data cleaning & entry ████
Data analysis ████ ████
Report writing ████ ████
Manuscript submission ████ ████
Dissemination of findings ████ ████
Methodology
•Study Design
•Descriptive cross-sectional study with a mixed-methods approach.
•Study Setting: Selected schools in rural Yadadri Bhuvanagiri
district, Telangana.
•Study Participants
•Adolescent girls (10-19 years) enrolled in selected schools.
•Outcome Measure
•Hemoglobin levels (anemia classification based on WHO criteria).
•A structured questionnaire covering determinants of
anemia(Socio-economic factors , Dietary intake , Menstrual health
practices, Deworming practices
Methodology
•Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) using 24-hour dietary recall.
•Anthropometric measurements (BMI, weight, height).
•Perception, cultural practices and barriers of anemia assessed by
in-depth interview and FGDs.
11. Data Analysis Plan
Quantitative Analysis:
Descriptive statistics: Mean, standard deviation, frequencies.
Inferential statistics: Chi-square test, logistic regression for
associations.
Qualitative Analysis:
Thematic analysis of in-depth interviews and FGDs.
Data analysis plan
Data Analysis Plan
Quantitative Analysis:
Descriptive statistics: Mean, standard deviation,
frequencies.
Inferential statistics: Chi-square test, logistic regression for
associations.
Qualitative Analysis:
Thematic analysis of in-depth interviews and FGDs.
