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Atomic Number and Element Synthesis

This module explains the concept of atomic number and its role in the synthesis of new elements in the laboratory. It details the historical development of the periodic table and the use of particle accelerators to create man-made elements such as Technetium, Neptunium, and Plutonium. The document emphasizes the relationship between atomic number and the properties of elements, as well as the significance of transuranium elements.

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Meane Kei Emolaga Garcia
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62 views20 pages

Atomic Number and Element Synthesis

This module explains the concept of atomic number and its role in the synthesis of new elements in the laboratory. It details the historical development of the periodic table and the use of particle accelerators to create man-made elements such as Technetium, Neptunium, and Plutonium. The document emphasizes the relationship between atomic number and the properties of elements, as well as the significance of transuranium elements.

Uploaded by

Meane Kei Emolaga Garcia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Module 1.

1: Atomic
Number and Synthesis Physical Science
of New Elements Quarter 3

Donalie B. Navos
Teacher
Explain how the concept of atomic number led to the
synthesis of new elements in the laboratory (S11/12PS-IIIb-
11) After going through this module, you are specifically
expected to:

• 1. Define atomic number;


• 2. Determine the atomic number and mass
number of the given element, and
• 3. Explain how the concept of atomic
number led to the synthesis of new
elements in the laboratory.
(1913) Henry Moseley
• He arranged the elements in the periodic
table based on their increasing atomic
number.
Electron beam
The atomic number - refers to the
number of protons in the atom’s
nucleus.
• the number of protons in an element = no. of
electrons
• In a neutral atom, the number of protons = no. of
electrons. Thus, aluminum
For instance, atomic number = no. of
has an atomic electrons
number of in a
neutral
13, atom.
meaning each neutral atom of aluminum has 13
protons and 13 electrons.
The synthesis of new elements

• The particle accelerator - is a device used by


scientists to speed up the electrically charged
atomic particles or subatomic particles by using
magnetic and electrical fields.
• In 1930, the element 92, Uranium was the heaviest
element discovered at that time.
• By the year 1937, Ernest Lawrence used
linear particle accelerator in creating
element 43 by bombarding the atoms of
molybdenum with atomic number 42 with fast
moving electrons. He named this element 43 as
Technetium. The first man-made element.
• In 1940, astatine (z = 85), Emilio Segre, Kenneth
Mackenzie and Dale Corson by bombarding the atoms of
element bismuth with atomic number 83 using the fast
moving alpha particle.

• In the same year, Edwin McMillan used particle


accelerator to bombard uranium with neutrons = atomic
number 93 neptunium.
• In the late 1940, Glenn Seaborg, Edwin McMillan, Joseph Kennedy
and Arthur Wahl synthesized element 94 Plutonium by bombarding
the uranium with deuterons in the cyclotron.

• The cyclotron is a particle accelerator used in alternating electric field


to accelerate particles that move in a spiral path in the presence of a
magnetic field.
•
• The deuterons are particles made of a proton and a neutron.
• In the periodic table of elements, elements with
atomic number higher than 92 are belong to the
group or family of transuranium elements.

• neptunium93 and plutonium94 –


transuranium elements (nuclear reactors or
particle accelerators. )

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