Chemistry for Engineering

Technologists
CHEMICAL
HANDLING
CHEREL M. DE LEON
CHEMICAL HANDLING
A. General rules for handling chemicals
1. Do not return chemicals to their original packaging.
2. Keep chemical containers closed. ...
3. Never use the wrong or an unmarked reagent. ...
4. Never use spatulas, stirrers or other objects in what was
originally a storage container for chemicals.

B. HANDLING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AT HOME

1. Carefully read the ingredients list of any product or chemical
you use
2. Purchase the proper personal protective equipment like gloves
or goggles
3. Be aware of the hazardous materials you come in contact with
4. Follow safe procedure when you handle hazardous material
11 RULES FOR SAFE HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Rule #1. Follow all established procedures and perform job duties as you’ve been
trained.
Rule #2. Be cautious and plan ahead. Think about what could go wrong and pay close
attention to what you’re doing while you work.
Rule #3. Always use required PPE—and inspect it carefully before each use to make
sure it’s safe to use. Replace worn out or damage PPE; it won’t provide adequate
protection.
Rule #4. Make sure all containers are properly labeled and that the material is
contained in an appropriate container. Don’t use any material not contained or labeled
properly. Report any damaged containers or illegible labels to your supervisor right
away.
Rule #5. Read labels and the material safety data sheet (MSDS) before using any
material to make sure you understand hazards and precautions.
Rule #6. Use all materials solely for their intended purpose. Don’t, for example, use
solvents to clean your hands, or gasoline to wipe down equipment.
Rule #7. Never eat or drink while handling any materials, and if your hands are
contaminated, don’t use cosmetics or handle contact lenses.
Rule #8. Read the labels and refer to SDSs to identify properties and hazards of
chemical products and materials.
Rule #9. Store all materials properly, separate incompatibles, and store in ventilated,
dry, cool areas.
Rule #10. Keep you and your work area clean. After handling any material, wash
thoroughly with soap and water. Clean work surfaces at least once a shift so that
contamination risks are minimized.
Rule #11. Learn about emergency procedures and equipment. Understanding
emergency procedures means knowing evacuation procedures, emergency reporting
procedures, and procedures for dealing with fires and spills. It also means knowing what
to do in a medical emergency if a co-worker is injured or overcome by chemicals.
11. HOW IS CHEMICAL WASTE TREATED?
Hazardous waste can be treated by chemical,
thermal, biological, physical methods. One problem
posed by hazardous waste incineration is the
potential for air pollution. Biological treatment of
certain organic wastes, such as those from the
petroleum industry, is also an option.
A. Chemical treatment (of hazardous waste) refers to the treatment
methods that are used to effect the complete breakdown of hazardous
waste into non-toxic gases or, more frequently, to modify the chemical
properties of the waste, for example, through reduction of water
solubility or neutralization of acidity.

B. Thermal treatment is any waste treatment technology that

involves high temperatures in the processing of the waste feedstock.
Commonly this involves the combustion of waste materials.
1. Biological treatments rely on bacteria, nematodes, or other
small organisms to break down organic wastes using normal
cellular processes. Wastewater typically contains a buffet of
organic matter, such as garbage, wastes, and partially digested
foods.

2. Physical treatment, on the other hand, concentrates,

solidifies, or reduces the volume of the waste. Physical processes
include evaporation, sedimentation, flotation, and filtration. Yet
another process is solidification, which is achieved by
encapsulating the waste in concrete, asphalt, or plastic.
To store chemicals safely, do the
following;
1. Label all chemical containers and
fully tight the cover
2. Provide a specific storage space for
each chemical, and ensure return
after each use.
3. Store volatile toxics and odoriferous
chemicals in ventilated cabinets.
4. Store flammable liquids in approved
flammable liquid storage cabinets.
Guidelines

• Chemicals are not exposed to direct sunlight or localized heat.

• It is recommended that containers of corrosive chemicals be stored in
trays large enough to contain spillage or leakage.
• Chemicals are stored by reactive class (i.e. flammables with
flammables, oxidizers with oxidizers).
• Incompatible chemicals are physically separated from each other.
• SDS for each chemical must be consulted for proper storage
instructions and must be accessible to the storage area.
• Current chemical inventory is accessible to the storage area and
updated regularly.
• Bottle carriers are used to transport glass bottles containing hazardous
chemicals. Waste chemicals shall be segregated.
Safe storage of household chemicals
1. Store flammable liquids preferably outside in a metal cabinet
or in an unheated area. Never store near an open flame or
spark. ...
2. Store corrosive materials in a place such as a plastic tub or
tray where the product can't spill out if the container leaks.

3. Store out of the reach of children and pets.

Storing hazardous chemicals safely
A number of general principles for the safe storage of hazardous chemicals include (but
are not limited to):

• ensuring safe design, location and installation of storage and handling systems (e.g.
racking systems, tanks)
• separate incompatible substances to prevent reactive chemicals interacting
• control potential ignition sources around flammable substances
• have appropriate safety signage and placards
• be prepared for spill containment and have clean up systems
• have emergency plans in place to deal with an incident involving the hazardous
chemicals
• have the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and store it correctly (e.g.
respirators sealed)
• have fire-fighting equipment that is easily accessible
• secure chemicals from unauthorized access.
How do you transport
hazardous chemicals
Vehicle maintenance, display of appropriate EIP and class label,
proper painting. For transport of dangerous goods, the
endeavor should be to find dedicated transport tanker
vehicles or at least for dedicated use of specific material only.
Inter changeability at times may cause mishaps/accidents.
Checklist for transporting hazardous
chemicals
When transporting chemicals:
• avoid transporting with food, water or other reactive chemicals
• follow the separation and segregation rules for transporting mixed
classes of hazardous chemicals (those classified as dangerous
goods)
• secure hazardous chemicals on the vehicle so they can't move or
fall
• keep a record of the chemicals you are carrying
• separate foodstuffs from chemicals
• make sure you have the required signs and equipment for the
vehicle
• make sure the driver of the vehicle has the correct licence and is
trained in emergency procedures.
Transporting
dangerous goods by
road or rail, you must:
• use suitable packaging which is labeled so that
anyone in contact with it can take appropriate
precautions
• use the appropriate vehicle, container, tank or
wagon according to the classification of the goods
• display certain information, if required, about the
goods on the vehicle or container
• follow proper procedures when goods are being
loaded and unloaded
Disposal of hazardous substances must be carried out without endangering the
environment or human health. One of the best ways of disposing of hazardous
substances is to separate them from other types of waste items and send them off
to special disposal facilities.

Chemical waste is regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). It cannot be disposed of in regular
trash or in the sewer system. Most chemical wastes must be disposed of through the
EHS

1. Hazardous Waste Program. To have hazardous waste removed from your laboratory,
do the following:
Store chemical wastes in appropriate containers; plastic bottles are preferred over
glass for storing hazardous waste when compatibility is not an issue. Segregate
chemical waste by compatibility, and not alphabetically.
2. Chemical waste containers must be labeled with the following
information:

1. Full chemical name and quantity of the waste. For mixtures, each
chemical must be listed. Abbreviations, acronyms and ditto marks
("") to replace words are not allowed, as this does not comply with
The Hazard Communication Standard;
2. Date of waste generation;
3. Place of origin (department, room number);
4. PI's name and telephone number;
5. Bottle number assigned on corresponding waste sheet; and
6. The tag or label must have the words: "Hazardous Waste."
3. A completed Hazardous Waste Information Form must be submitted to the
EHS office (Instructions are on the back of the form). On this form, please
include:

1. Full chemical name and quantity of the waste. For mixtures, each
chemical and its volume or weight must listed. Abbreviations,
acronyms and ditto marks ("") to replace words are not allowed, as this
does not comply with The Hazard Communication Standard;
2. Date of waste generation;
3. Place of origin (department, room number);
4. PI's name and telephone number;
5. A contact name is required to answer any questions or open the door;
6. Bottle number (in numerical order) assigned on bottle; and
7. A speed type or account number.
4. Send the completed form to the Environmental Health and Safety Office,
Service Building, 1st floor, Location Code 7227. The form must be received by
EHS by Tuesday at noon. Chemical waste removal will then happen on Thursday
of that week. Each container must be listed separately, tagged and sealed.
Leaking or open containers will not be removed.

5. The disposal of chemicals by sanitary sewer is only possible with written

permission from EHS. Contact the Director or Chemical Waste Manager for more
information.

1. Submit a complete list of all chemicals to be disposed of to EHS.

2. EHS will review and provide written approval on a case by case basis.
3. Any change in formulation (volume of chemical, new chemical), will
require a fresh review by EHS.
4. Disposal of any chemical into the solid waste disposal system is not
allowed.
METHOD IN DISPOSING
OF COMMON
CHEMICALS
1. Use of proper safety precautions
2. Dilute bleach and hydrogen peroxide to pour
down the drain
3. Store solvents for special collection
4. Recycle automotive fluids
5. Drain all aerosol canisters
6. Return pool chemicals back to your local pool
store.
MISHANDLED CHEMICALS results to MISHAPS
1984- Bhopal: Pesticide plant chemical release
 the world's worst industrial disaster (gas leak)
 Over 500,000 people were exposed to methyl
isocyanate
 immediate death toll was 2,259
2006- MERCURY EXPOSURE- St ANDREW’S
SCHOOL PARAÑAQUE
 24 students got ill due to mercury poisoning
2017- MANILA SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL
5 persons exposed to mercury spill
 Cleaning staff spilled 60mL of mercury
Chemical Handling
Adherence to the following laws
 RA 8749 (Clean Air Act of 1999)
 RA 9275 (Philippine Clean Water Act)
 PD 1586 (Environmental Impact Statement System)
 RA6969 (Toxic Substances and Hazardous Waste
Control Act)
 RA 9003 (Ecological Solid Waste Management Act)
 RA 9512 (Environmental Education Act of 2008)
Exercises
1. What is a written document pertaining to material composition, Product Identification handling, storage,
disposal, safety precaution and the required Personal Protective Equipment? ( Safety Data Sheets (SDS) ,Scrap
Disposal Receipt SDR, First Expiration First Out (FEFO)

2. True or False. Chemical is a substance obtained by a chemical process or producing a chemical effect.

3. What should you always read before using a chemical?

A. the price tag
B. the label
C. the customer reviews

4. If that label says the chemical needs to be in a well ventilated room, what should you do?
a. call poison control
b. open the windows
c. close the doors
d. turn off the lights
5. What does OSHA stand for?
a. Overseas Safety and Hospital Association
b. Occupational Standardization and Happiness Administration
c. Occupational Health and Safety ADMINISTRATION
d. Overtime Safety Harmonization Agency
END