DEBRE TABOR UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
3rd YEAR COMPUTER SCIENCE STUDENTS
Hosting Organization: DMU ICT Center
DURATION: ONE MONTH
PREPARED BY: SECTION THREE
Name --------------------------------ID no
1. Esubalew Limen------------------073/11
2. Misganaw Aschale--------------128/11
3. Dagne Baynes---------------------059/11
4. Dawit Yalew----------------------062/11
ADIVISOR: Mr. Yared

SUBMISSION DATE: Jan23/05/2014 E.C

Contents of the report
Declaration
Acknowledgment
Executive summary
Background of the company
Overall Internship Experience
The overall benefits we gained from the
internship
General conclusion and recommendation
References
 Declaration
 We are students of computer science at debre tabor
university institute of technology.
 We had completed our internship program training
at debre markos university ICT center for the past
one month.
 We declare this document is our original team
work. All the information is collected from the place
that we had worked in, asked question from DMU-
ICT center supervisor and we searched from google
chrome.
 We announced and certify that our work is made to
be original according to the internship report
writing guide line given by the university linkage of
the institute.
Acknowledgment
• First of all we would like to thank you our GOD that
helps us in all aspects of activities from scratch to
ends. He was the first advisor for us during the
internship period before and forever. And also we
would like to express my gratitude to our class
teachers in debre tabor university. That helps to
me up grade our theoretical knowledge in the field
of study.
• Secondly, we would also like to sincerely thanks to
our ICT officer supervisor Mr. Getachew K,
network technician Mr. Belay, Aklilu and Mrs.
Genet. for his/her significant role behind the
accomplishment of the documentations.
• We would like to express my gratitude to our
friends, without their support and cooperation this
Executive summary
 This report includes starting with the back ground of the
internship working company up to what we got a benefits from
the internship work. Which means that the report tried to
discuss about
 experiences of practical knowledge
 benefit gained from the internship
 conclusion and recommendation for the hosting company.
 It detail discuss about the report that we did that is on
networking installation which includes distribute of cable and
maintaining network infrastructure tools like.
 network cables
 patch panel
 RJ45 connectors
 switch
 taster
 punch down
Cont …
 wire cutter
 wire striper
The report also discusses the skills that we
gained by combining the theoretical knowledge
that we captured in class with the practical work
gained from the internship period.
The internship also used for
 develop work ethics(punctuality and honest),
 intercommunication skill
 team playing skill
 leadership skill and
 entrepreneurial skills
Chapter one
 Background of DMU
 Introduction
 Debre Markos University (DMU) is one of the thirteen Newly Universities which
was established in 1997E.C or 2005 G.C by the federal democratic republic
government of Ethiopia.
 Debre Markos University is located 300 kilometers North-West of the capital Addis
Ababa and 265 kilometers South-East of Bahir Dar, the capital of the Amhara
National Regional State.
 Debre Markos University is found in the Northwestern part of the country at Debre
Markos town.
 The University is located in the Eastern part of the town approximately two
kilometers from the central square.
 It covers an area of over 100 hectares.
 Debre Markos University foundation stone was laid on January 2005.
 It was inaugurated on 18 November 2007. After the completion of the first phase of
the construction, the University began its service in February 2007 admitting the
first batch of 760 regular students in the Education Faculty. Soon after its
establishment, the University employed 53 academic, 34 supporting permanent
staffs and 21 contract workers.
Vision and mission of DMU

 Vision
 Debre Markos university is to became one of the ten primary research university
in Africa in 2025 recognized its quality education, research and outreach activities
 Debre Markos university Services to be one of the top ten university in Africa by
2025
 Mission
 Producing competent, ethical and innovative graduates by providing quality and
relevant education, and engaging students in co-curricular activities;
 Carrying out problem solving researches with the active involvement of
stakeholders.
 Designing and providing community and consultancy services that shall cater to
the developmental needs of the country.
 debre Markos university to contribute substantially for social, cultural, economic,
political, scientific and technological development of nation through the provision
of high quality education, active engagement in research and outreach activities of
the betterment of life. while offering our employees a conducive and rewarding
working environment that values recognizes and appreciate their contributions.
Main products or services of Debre Markos
The main products or services in Debre
Markos University are:
Educational services
Health services
Cafe service
Main customers or end users of its products or services

The customers or end-users of Debre Markos

University are people who are divided in to
different groups of actors. who are linked to
the educational process of the campus and
those are living within Debre Markos Town as
well as the people of Ethiopia and the
communities of the University itself.
But mainly customers or end users of the
organization are classified in to two groups.
The first is internal customer and the second
is external customers based on their locations.
Overall structure and work flow of the organization
Chapter Two

Overall Internship Experience

Objectives of the internship
The main objectives of the internship was to gain
an experienced practical knowledge in different
network equipment and computer maintenance
by inter-relating with the theoretical knowledge .
How we got into the organization
 The university linkage program is planned to create a good
interaction and a good knowledge based on practice between
universities and any other companies. And also Debre tabor
institute of technology has launched internship to improve practical
knowledge outside of the campus. Besides on this program Debre
tabor university institute of technology department head of
computer science gave us a form to choose companies to internship.
After that we have internship letter of authorization from Debre
tabor university we gave the letter to the accepter. But the accepter
said that there was no place for internship in their organization.
And we call to the technology faculty of computer science head and
the head can’t solve this problem.
 Finally we asked the technology faculty industry linkage Mr.
Endalkachew how to place for us because we can’t got the place to
internship. Then Mr . Endalkachew was written the list of
students and sent the list to DMU-ICT center. By reading the list of
students letter request the organization DMU-ICT center secretary
we registered based on the list and We joined the company and also
started our internship programs.
The section of the organization we have worked
 The section of the company that we had worked in DMU
ICT center where network installation, computer
maintenance(hardware and software) parts and network
installation have done by members of the ICT center. It
coordinates all tasks related to the automation ,administration
and maintenance information systems and networks .
The tasks that we have observed in the ICT
section
Some of the daily tasks we were executed in the ICT
sections are:-
desktop maintenance(window installation ).
Computer network installation
Desktop and PC software maintenance

The organization could be services focused on

desktop and PC hardware maintenance for their
own sectors as well as for other peoples. As we
tried to explain above maintaining hardware for
the desktop and PC are one of the services that
the organization gives for the students, teachers,
and office workers.
Computer windows 7 step-by-step installation
Installing Windows is simple and everyone can
manage it. It only takes a few minutes. In this
guide we will show you how to install your
Windows 7 step-by-step.
1. System requirements
Before you start installing your Windows 7 it is
recommended that you check your hardware setup
and find out if it corresponds to the recommended
system requirements by Microsoft. The Windows 7
minimum system requirements are as follows:
1 gigabyte (GB) RAM (32-bit) or 2 GB RAM (64-bit);
16 GB available hard disk space (32-bit) or 20 GB
(64-bit)
Cont …
2. Booting your operating system
using a DVD or CD.
 Take out your Windows 7 DVD and insert it into the
computer (if your computer does not have a DVD drive,
please read the USB installation guide).
Cont …
3. Running the installation
 If the DVD booting setup was successful, the Windows 7
installation should run automatically after restarting the
computer
Cont …
4. Language setting option
The first step is choosing a language, time and currency format and
keyboard layout. Choose your language setting in the first step. This setting
will carry on onto the next steps. So all you need to do is click Next.

5. License terms acceptance

 In the next step you have to click on Install now and then the license
terms must be accepted by ticking the “I accept the license terms”
checkbox. Then just click Next to proceed
 Cont …

6. Which type of installation

 If you already have a previous version of Windows installed on
your computer, the installation process will offer you a Windows
7 Upgrade option. In this case, we recommend choosing the
Custom option and perform a complete reinstall.
Cont …
 Before doing so, it is important to back up all important
files and documents because all data will be deleted. If you
are installing Windows on a computer without an operating
system, this option will not be available.
Cont …
6. Where do you want to install windows
 If you are installing Windows 7 on a computer with a
previous Windows version, an allocated drive will be
created for the installation. Click this drive and click on
Drive options (advanced), then click on Remove.
Cont …
8. System installation
 The next step is the actual installation, which includes copying
of the files, installation of the features and updates.

9. System restart
When the installation files are copied and features and updates
installed, the computer will restart automatically and the
installation will be completed
Cont …

10. User setting

 In the next two steps you will choose your user name which you will
use for your Windows login. A computer name will be generated for
you and can be changed according to your requirements. Clicking
Next will take you to setting up your password. Choose your
password retype the password in the second line and type a password
hint to help you remember your password in case you forget it.
Cont …

11. Help protect and improve Windows

automatically
 This step lets you choose the protection and automatic update
options. We recommend using the Recommended settings.
 Cont …
12. Time and date
In this step check if the time and date is correct and click Next.

13. Network setup

 If you are connected to a network, then Choose a network type window will
pop up Choose the network type and click Next.
cont …

14. Finishing the installation

 Welcome! The installation process is complete. Just wait until your desktop
is prepared.

[Link] activation
 Your system must be activated within 30 days after installation. The
activation can be performed over the internet or phone. You can find the
activation guide on our Windows support page.
 2.4.2. Networking
 A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to
share resources exchange files, or allow electronic communications. The
computers on a network may be linked through cables.
Equipment used for network installation
Network cable
 Network cables are used to connect and transfer data and information
between computers, routers, switches and storage area networks. These
cables are essentially the carrier or media through which data flows.
Network Cable is the medium through which information usually moves
from one network device to another.

network cable
Cont …
 Coaxial cable
 This cable contains a conductor, insulator, braiding, and sheath. The
sheath covers the braiding, the braiding covers the insulation, and the
insulation covers the conductor. A coaxial cable has an internal conductor
that runs down the middle of the cable. The conductor is surrounded by a
layer of insulation which is then surrounded by another carrying
conductor shield, which makes this type of cable resistant to external
obstruction
 Sheath: This is the outer cover of the coaxial cable. It protects the cable
from physical damage.
 Braided Shield: This shield protects signals from external interference
and noise. This shield is made of the same metal used to make the core.
 Insulation: Insulation protects the core. It also lays the groundwork for
separation from the braided-shield. Since both the base and the covered
shield use the same metal, without this layer, they will come in contact
and form a short circuit on the wire.
 Conductor: The conductor carries electronic signals.
Con …
Twisted Pair Cables
 The twisted-pair cables are also known as Ethernet cables because these
are mainly used for computer networks. In these wires, as the name
suggests, two insulated copper wires are wrapped around each other. The
twisting of cables minimizes electromagnetic interference and that’s why
these are popularly used for LAN networks. The twisted pair cable is one
type of Ethernet cable

 These Ethernet Twisted pairs are dived into two types

 Unshielded Twisted pairs
 Shielded Twisted pairs
Cont …
Unshielded Twisted pair
 The Unshielded twisted pairs are the most common type of cables. It consists of
four different color code wires that are twisted into pairs. Now, why do these
colors are getting twisted? To prevent Electromagnetic interference and
crosstalk, the Unshielded twisted pairs are get twisted in pairs. The Twisted
pair cables are mostly used in homes and for many business purposes.
Shielded Twisted pair
 It is similar to the unshielded twisted pairs the main difference between the
two is a foil shield is wrapped around the color-coded pairs alike from the
Unshielded twisted pairs. It has an extra layer of protection to prevent
electromagnetic Interference. It is mostly used in Industries.
 For the Twisted pair cables, simply we have to connect the RJ45 connectors at
both ends of the twisted pairs.
Fiber Optic cables
 The Fiber Optic cables simply carry the information in the form of light signals.
It offers high maintenance cost and very expensive than the copper networking
cables. This type of cable uses optical fibers to transmit data in the form of a
light signal.
Cont …
Straight and Crossover cable
 Common Ethernet network cables are straight and crossover
cable. This Ethernet network cable is made of 4 pair high
performance cable that consists twisted pair conductors that
used for data transmission. Both end of cable is called RJ45
connector.
 The cable can be categorized as Cat 5, Cat 5e, Cat 6 UTP
cable. Cat 5 UTP cable can support 10/100 Mbps Ethernet
network, whereas Cat 5e and Cat 6 UTP cable can support
Ethernet network running at 10/100/1000 Mbps.
 Straight and crossover cable can be Cat3, Cat 5, Cat 5e or Cat
6 UTP cable, the only difference is each type will have different
wire arrangement in the cable for serving different purposes.
Cont …

UTP cable
Straight through Cable
 A straight through cable is a type of twisted pair cable that is used in local
area networks to connect a computer to a network hub such as a router. This
type of cable is also sometimes called a patch cable and is an alternative to
wireless connections where one or more computers access a router through a
wireless signal. On a straight through cable the wired pins match. Straight
through cable use one wiring standard: both ends use T568A wiring standard
or both ends use T568B wiring standard. The following figure shows a straight
through cable of which both ends are wired as the T568B standard.. This type
of cable will be used most of the time and can be used to:
 Switch to router
 Switch to PC or server
 Hub to PC or server
Cont …
Crossover through Cable
 Sometimes you will use crossover cable, it's usually used to connect same
type of devices. crossover Ethernet cable is a type of Ethernet cable used to
connect computing devices together directly. Unlike straight through cable,
the RJ45 crossover cable uses two different wiring standards: one end uses
the T568A wiring standard, and the other end uses the T568B wiring
standard. The internal wiring of Ethernet crossover cables reverses the
transmit and receive signals. It is most often used to connect two devices of
the same type: e.g. two computers (via network interface controller) or two
switches to each other. A crossover cable can be used to:
 Connect 2 computers directly.
 PC to PC
RJ45 connector
 A registered jack (RJ) is a standardized physical network interface for
connecting telecommunications or data equipment. The RJ45 connector has
eight pins spaced 1 mm apart and the wire is inserted and clamped to ensure
a secure connection. The actual connector type is called 8P8C – eight
positions – eight contact
Cont …

Cable Tester
 A cable tester is a device used to test both the strength and connectivity of
a particular type of cable.
 There are many different types of cable testers available, each of which is
able to test a different type of cable.
Crimp Tool
 A crimp tool looks similar to a pair of pliers but is actually used to conjoin
two pieces of metal by deforming one, or sometimes both, of them in such
a way that it causes them to hold each other.
 The result of this process is known as a crimp, hence the name of the tool.
 Cont …

Wire Stripper
 A wire stripper is also a hand tool and is designed to remove the protective
covering from an Ethernet cable, exposing the inner wires.
 This protective covering is known as the “jacket”.
Cont …
Network Switch
 A switch is wired network hardware device that performs all tasks at the
data link layer of OSI model, and it also allows connecting multiple
devices including computers, printers, and servers, in a small business
network with using of Ethernet cable. Switches are capable to handle the
physical network and software-based virtual devices. They help to establish
connection with computers that host virtual machine in the data center and
physical servers, and much of the storage infrastructure.

Network cabinet
 A network cabinet is usually used to store routers, patch panels, switches,
and other types of networking equipment and accessories
Cont …

Patch Panel
 A patch panel is essentially an array of ports on one panel. Each port connects,
via a patch cable, to another port located elsewhere in your building.

Punch down tool

 A punch down tool, also called a krone tool, is a hand tool used to connect
telecommunications and network wires to a patch panel, punch down block. The
"punch down" part of the name comes from punching a wire into place using an
impact action. It consists of a handle a spring mechanism and a removable
Cont …
 When the punch down tool connects a wire the blade cuts off the excess
wire.

Power Distribution Unit(PDU)

 A power distribution unit(PDU) is a device fitted with multiple outputs
designed to distribute electric power especially to networking equipment
called TP-Link wireless access point.
wire cutter
 To cut the network cable of the required length from the bundle, you can
use any standard wire cutter tool or can use a wire cutter tool that is
specially designed for the twisted-pair cable. A twisted-pair wire cutter
usually includes additional blades for stripping the wire.
Cont …

Wire canal
 Wire canal is used for pass cables UTP.
UPS(uninterruptible power supply )
 uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a device that allows a
computer to keep running for at least a short time when the
primary power source is lost. UPS devices also provide
protection from power surges. A UPS contains a battery that
"kicks in" when the device senses a loss of power from the
primary source
 Network cable installation
 Sure, you can buy Ethernet cables from the store, but where's the fun
in that? If you want to make custom cable lengths or crossover cables,
or repair a broken connector, why not do it yourself? Here's how.
Before you get started, make sure you have the necessary tools, and
decide whether you're going to use Cat 5e or Cat 6 network cables.
 The two standards for wiring Ethernet cables are T568A and T568B.
T568B is the most common and is what we'll be using for our straight
Ethernet cable. The tables below show the proper orientation of the
colored wires to the pins.
T568A Standard
Pin 1 White/Green
Pin 2 Green
Pin 3 White/Orange
Pin 4 Blue
Pin 5 White/Blue
Pin 6 Orange
Pin 7 White/Brown
Pin 8 Brown
Cont …
T568B Standard
Pin 1 White/Orange
Pin 2 Orange
Pin 3 White/Green
Pin 4 Blue
Pin 5 White/Blue
Pin 6 Green
Pin 7 White/Brown
Pin 8 Brown
 Step 1: Strip the cable jacket about 1.5 inch down from the end.
Cont …
 Step 2: Spread the four pairs of twisted wire apart. For Cat 5e, you can
use the pull string to strip the jacket farther down if you need to, then cut
the pull string. Cat 6 cables have a spine that will also need to be cut.

 Step 3: Untwist the wire pairs and neatly align them in the T568B
orientation. Be sure not to untwist them any farther down the cable than
where the jacket begins; we want to leave as much of the cable twisted as
possible.
Cont …
 Step 4: Cut the wires as straight as possible, about 0.5 inch above the end
of the jacket.
 Step 5: Carefully insert the wires all the way into the modular connector,
making sure that each wire passes through the appropriate guides inside
the connector.

 Step 6: Push the connector inside the crimping tool and squeeze the
crimper all the way down.
Cont …
 Step 7: Repeat steps 1-6 for the other end of the cable.
 Step 8: To make sure you've successfully terminated each end of the cable, use
a cable tester to test each pin.

 When you're all done, the connectors should look like this:

That's it. For crossover cables, simply make one end of the cable a T568A and
the other end a T568B. Now you can make Ethernet cables of any length, fix
broken connectors, or make yourself a crossover cable. Happy crimping!
Major challenges and problems
During the internship period we have faced different problems
like: -
 In the first time it is difficult to communicate with the employees
 Lack of willingness to show the practice to us
 the organization is far from our home
 we hadn’t computers
 advisor was not came to the university in case of current country
issue
 Lack of computer in the office
 There are more apparent students in the organization and the
technician is not voluntary to show for us.
 The money given to us is not enough to cover the basic needs during
the last one month.
The measurement that taken to overcome these challenges
During the internship period we have faced many problems, but we have
taken different measurement like: -
 we went to the organization very early
 we trained practice based on the schedule
 We used computer in digital library
 We used different websites to made reports
 We trained to cover our expense with the help of the family
 Chapter three

3. The overall benefits we gained from the internship

 The overall benefits of this internship program can have many benefits.
But the basic benefits of our internship was extremely valuable for to
improving theoretical knowledge and practical skills. And other benefits of
internship was to improve team playing skills, interpersonal skills,
communication skill, leadership skills and working ethics related issue.
3.1. Theoretical knowledge gained
 the internship takes a great roll in terms of upgrading our theoretical
knowledge. It helps us gained more theoretical knowledge related to the
real world that we didn’t got it from school. And also helps us to know how
our theoretical knowledge is cooperated with other many professions and
made as in to multi-dimensional way of thinking.
 Improve sociability and responsibility.
 Creative and logical approach to solving problems.
 Clearly understand different electronic devices working principle and
using different types of networking cables.
3.2. Benefits of internship in terms of improving team skill
 Working as a team is the key point to gain the maximum possible result
than working individually. We recognized that team work is necessary for a
given task to be accomplished early and qualitatively in case of reducing
time, effort performed a given task or problems in short period of time .
 example: 50 lemons for one person is burden but for 50 person is
simple.
3.3. Benefits of internship in terms of interpersonal
communication skill
 Interpersonal communication is the process of exchange of information,
ideas and feelings between two or more people through verbal or non-
verbal methods.
 Interpersonal communication in the workplace plays an important
role in employee satisfaction, motivation, collaboration and
business success.
 It often includes face-to-face exchange of information, in a form of voice,
facial expressions, body language and gestures.
 The level of one’s interpersonal communication skills is measured through
the effectiveness of transferring messages to others.
3.4. Benefits of internship in terms of improving practical skill
 The internship have a vital benefits to improving practical skill of our knowledge by a
means of theoretical knowledge apply in practice by using different infrastructures in
the DMU-ICT center. This internship program helped us to handle the practical
knowledge and skill. We could also evaluate our self how much we can change the
theoretical knowledge to the practical. Some of the practical skills we gained from
this internship program are:
 We would acquired practical experience to complement the theoretical content of our
studies.
 Finding the solution.
 Performing daily activities .
 Improve Practical skill.
3.5. In terms of improving leadership skill
 Leadership skill are the tool, behavior and capabilities that a person needs in
order to be successful at motivating and directing others. Leadership is the
ability to help people grow in their own abilities. The most successful leaders
are those that drive others to active their own success. we gained leadership
skills from our supervisor during the internship period which includes
managing time, giving feedback, building teams and motivating individuals.
 Learn new skills and add to your knowledge base while gaining confidence in
your abilities
 Opportunity to practice communication and teamwork skills.
3.6. In terms of improving work ethics and organization psychology related issues
 Internship is the opportunity to learn the skills and behavior along with the
work values that are required for success in the work place. Workplace ethics
are established codes of conduct that reflect the values of the organization or
company where we are employed. We have seen posses a willingness to work
hard from all our staff worker during our internship period, we acquired the
most efficient way to complete task and finding ways to save time, how to
keep punctuality and how to communicate with the staff members.
3.7. Benefits of Internship Programs to the Entrepreneurship
skill
 Internship provides great opportunities to speak directly to people who
have experience in the role. Some of the internship benefits for
entrepreneurs are stated here below.
 Internship programs for entrepreneurs can be a medium by which you can
widen your business.
 It enables us to understand the business concepts
 It helps us to have a long-term vision about being entrepreneur
 You get to experience the real thing minus the risks of putting up a business.
 It helps you make an informed and accurate decision for your future.
 Chapter four

4. General conclusion and recommendation

4.1. conclusion
 The main goal of internship program is to integrate the theoretical acquired concept

with a tangible practical demonstration. During that internship program we tried to

create a good relationship with employees and ask several questions that is not clear

for us. The other thing we got from this internship program was how to manage

work through this also we had increased our self confidence, work ethics,

leadership, team playing skill, entrepreneurial skills and how to work cooperatively

with others in the company. From this we learned good values and principles like

honest, punctuality, fulfilling responsibilities, respecting others and giving a good

attention to others. And also good opportunities to know work environment and to

prepares themselves for the future goal and to have a good advantage before

graduation.

 Generally, internship program is important to the students.

Cont …
 We will develop skills and techniques.

 To upgrade the theoretical knowledge into practical skill.

 Internship program will help to develop problem solving skill in the real

world.

 Internship programs will provides experience practical knowledge about

the theoretical knowledge.

 4.2 Recommendation
 During one month of internship experience period we have seen some positive and
negative sides of the internship hosting organization.
4.2.1 For our Internship hosting organization
 DMU-ICT center we recommend that internship is essential to improve both
practical and theoretical skills. And also to be expand the office of internship class
room and fulfill the infrastructure necessary for the internship students. Generally
we suggested that the hosting organization should be fulfill necessary equipment
and lab room with appropriate facilities .
4.2.2 .for the university
 We suggested that the university should be create awareness to know about the
benefits of internship program for all departments. And also we recommend that all
the university will be give the internship program as a common course for all
students . As we seen that during the internship period internship program are
essential to computer science students and engineering students only. But also
essential to all university students to know the practical world and adopt the
outside environment.
4.2.3. for the student
 Students was considered the internship program as enjoyment but we considered
the internship program as a chance or a career to develop theoretical knowledge
applied to the field in practice. And we recommend that students should know the
benefits of internship program in order to develop both theoretical and practical
knowledge.
 References

 Organization manual
 [Link]
 [Link]
 [Link]
 Mr . Belay and other office employee
THANK YOU !!!