第一章
雅思阅读概况
雅思阅读简介
1. 雅思阅读评分标准。
2. 文章题材
3. 雅思题型及频次
4. 语言能力要求
5. 如何定位
雅思阅读简介
3 篇文章
60 分钟
40 道题
4-5 种题型
每篇约 1100-1300 词左右
整体思路：阅读做题，而非阅读理解
评分标准
正确数量 对应分数
39-40 9
37-38 8.5
35-36 8
33-34 7.5
30-32 7
27-29 6.5
23-26 6
19-22 5.5
15-18 5
12-14 4.5
文章题材
社会科学：历史文明、语言文化、教育学习、交通旅游、管理经济类
自然科学：自然环境、生物科技、建筑、社会学、医疗健康
考试题型及频次
题型 频次
判断题（ TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 或 YES/NO/NOT 63
GIVEN
选择题（ MULTIPLE CHOICES ） 44
摘要填空（ SUMMARY ） 29
段落大意 （ LIST OF HEADINGS ） 22
信息段落匹配 （ PARAGRAPH INFORMATION ） 18
从属关系匹配（ CLASSIFY… ） 11
半句匹配（… CORRECT ENDING ） 10
人名理论匹配（ PEOPLE…STATEMENT ） 7
图表题（ TABLE ） 10
简答题（ SHORT ANSWER QUESTION ） 8
完成句子（ SENTENCE COMPLETION ） 6
填图题（ DIAGRAM ） 5
流程图题（ FLOW CHART ） 3
语言能力要求
1.快速阅读
2.词汇
3.语法
语言能力要求
略读（ SKIMMING ）
1. 快速阅读 扫读（ SCANNING ）
精读（ INTENSIVE READING ）
词汇记忆
雅思基础词汇测试
analysis eruption survive construct alternative
restrict contradict objective complaint explanation
primary involve bilingual variable explode
feedback distribution resemble appropriate weapon
雅思各分数段词汇量要求
单词量 原始分数 技巧分数
8000 雅思词汇 6.5-7 7-8
5500 六级词汇 6-6.5 7
4300 四级词汇 5.5-6 6-6.5
3000 高中词汇 5-5.5 5.5
词汇记忆特点（艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线）
时间间隔 记忆量
刚刚记忆完毕 100%
20 分钟后 58.2%
1 小时后 44.2%
8-9 小时后 35.8%
1 天后 33.7%
2 天后 27.8%
6 天后 25.4%
雅思词汇学习要求
同一单词，需在第 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30 天时重复记忆。
语法突破
句子结构 : 简单句，并列句，复合句，并列复合句
句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、同位语、插入语、非谓语动词
句子类型：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句
阅读方法：定位法
1.) 稳定
2.) 醒目
3.) 独特
阅读方法：定位法
→ 定位词
→ 特殊定位词
→ 常见特殊定位词有数字，时间，大写名词（人名，地名，机构名，国家名，缩写），
斜体字，特殊符号 ( 引号，百分比符号，金钱符号 ) 等。
stion: The 1990 survey related to 550,000 consultations with alternative therapists （ T/F/NG ）
The 550,000 consultations with alternative therapists reported in the 1990 survey.
estion: The new organizational structure requires_____. （ Multiple Choices ）
of the old management positions.
% of the old management positions.
% more management positions.
fewer management positions.
The first of the initiatives was an organizational structure with only three levels of
gement--compared to the traditional seven. Partly as a result of this change, there are
rcent fewer management positions, enabling a significant saving.
答案： A
大写名词（人名，地名，机构名，国家名 , 缩写 ...)
1. Question: Opponents of smoking financed the UCSF study…
Text: A more recent study by researchers and the University of California at
San Francisco (UCSF) has shown that…
2. Question: Arthur Koestler considered laughter biologically important in
several ways.(T/F/NG)
Text: The writer Arthur Koestler dubbed it the luxury reflex : “Unique in
that it serves no apparent biological purpose".
答案： F
→ 特殊符号：引号
Question: Readers are said to ‘bark’ at a text when_____. （ Multiple Choices ）
A . They read too loudly.
B . There are too many repetitive words.
C . They are discouraged from using their imagination.
D . They have difficulty assessing its meaning.
Text: Even if a child is able to read aloud fluently, he or she may not be able
to understand much of it : this is called ‘barking at a text’.
普通定位词
常见普通定位词有名词，形容词，副词 , 动词等。
考点词
逻辑关系词
因果，让步，转折，比较，并列，列举
请找出下列句子中的逻辑关系词
.The growing importance of the middle classes led to an increased demand for diction
. Johnson did not have a library available to him, but eventually produced definitions
n excess of 40,000 words written down in 80 large notebooks.
. Johnson has become more well known since his death.
. In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English had neither the technical
vocabulary nor the grammatical resources to express their ideas.
.Sometimes the desire to protect ideas seems to have been stronger than the desire
ommunicate them, particularly in the case of mathematicians and doctors.
阅读实质：同义替换
AA 语言替换—原词重现
重现内容多为时间、地点、人名、数字、国名、机构名称
请找出下列句子中的特殊定位词
[Link]: In 1985, AI was at its lowest point.
Text: Most researchers agree that AI peaked around 1985.
答案： F
[Link]: Air Traffic Control started after the Grand Canyon crashed in 1956.
Text: Rudimentary air traffic control(ATC) existed well before the Grand Canyon
disaster.
答案： F
AB 语言替换
同根词、同义词
请找出下列句子中的同根词、同义词
Question: Modern technologies have led to a reduction in domestic water consumption.
(Y/N/NG) (C7T1P2)
Text: But since 1980, the amount of water consumed per person has actually decreased,
thanks to a range of new technologies that help to conserve water in homes and industry .
同根词： consumed—consumption
同义词： decrease—reduction , home--
domestic
上下义词 : 上义词（概括词）；下义词（具体词）
请找出下列句子中的上下义词
Q: Frequent breakdown of buses and trucks in Makete hindered attempts to make the existing
transport services more efficient.
T: The efforts to improve the efficiency of the existing transport services were not very successful
because most of the motorised vehicles in the district broke down.
关系替换—句子结构对应
常见关系替换：比较关系，列举关系，主被动关系，因果关系
请找出下列句子中的关系替换
1. Q: …We can deduce that the Little Ice Age was a time of ______, rather than of consistent freezing.
（ NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ）
T: The Little Ice Age was far from a deep freeze, however; rather an irregular seesaw of rapid climatic
shifts
2. Q: There is no limit to the photosynthetic rate in plants such as_____.
T: Some plants reach maximal photosynthesis at one-quarter full sunlight, and others,
like sugarcane, never reach a maximum, but continue to increase photosynthesis rate as light intensity
rises.
3. Q: Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because______are not
used in their navigation system.
T: It is technically incorrect to talk about bat “radar”, since they do not use radio waves.
[Link] great variety of languages came about largely as a result of geographical _____.
T ： Isolation breeds linguistic diversity: as a result, the world is peppered with languages
spoken by only a few people.
数字文字替换
数字可以表达的事物及其常用文字表达有：
与“钱”有关的： cost, fund, salary, wage, investment, fee, profit 等。
与“时间”有关的： date, time, century, decade, age 等。
与“数字”有关的： percentage, statistics, figure, number, quantity, amount,
portion,half, quarter 等。
请找出下列句子中的数字文字替换
Question ： Just over half the nurses in the 1986 study believed that management understood
the effects that shift work had on them.
Text: Only 53 percent of the respondents felt that every effort was made to schedule staff fairly.
方向性句意词
谓语动词，形容词，否定词，绝对词，频率词，时间介词
下列句子中的方向性句意词
Plants which do not respond to light levels are referred to as day-neutral plants.
There is plenty of documented evidence available about the incidence of nickel sulphide failure.
There is no limit to the photosynthetic rate in plants such as sugarcane.
Johnson only received payment for his Dictionary on its completion.
Not all of the assistants survived to see the publication of the Dictionary.
The term ‘artificial intelligence’ was first coined at a conference in 1956 by a group of researche
Prior to the start of MIRTP the Makete district was almost inaccessible during the local area.
