Soldering and Brazing
Introduction:
Soldering and brazing
provide permanent joint
to bond metal pieces.
Soldering and brazing
process lie some where
in between fusion
welding and solid state
welding.
Brazing
Soldering:
Definition:-
• The joining of metals using a filler material of a lower
melting point than that of the parent metals to be
joined.
Soldering Process:
1. Heat both items by applying the
soldering iron to the copper pad and the
component lead.
1
2. Continue heating and apply a few
millimeters of solder. Remove the iron and
allow the solder joint to cool naturally.
2
3. It only takes a second or two to make the
perfect joint, which should appear shiny.
5
3
A Good Solder Joint:
• Smooth
• Shiny
• Clean
• Concave
fillet
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Bad Solder
Connections:
Cold Solder Joint Not Soldered
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Soldering Tools:
1. Vise
2. Safety Glasses 3 4
3. Solder Sucker 5
2
4. Solder Tool 1
5. Diagonal
Cutters
6. Nose Pliers 9 6
7. Solder
8. Solder Wick 7
10
9. Damp Sponge
10. Soldering Iron
8
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Solder:
• Solder is an alloy of Tin and Lead.
• The solder used for electronics is frequently called
60/40 solder because it is made of 63% tin and 37%
lead.
• 60/40 solder melts at 361 F.
• Multi-core solder is the usual form for electrical
work.
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Soldering Iron:
Typically 25-30 watts
Tip Temperature 750°F (400
°C)
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Tinning Process:
[Link] Solder to Iron Tip [Link] Tip on Damp Sponge
[Link] Tinned Soldering Iron Tip 11
Soldering Iron Care & Maintenance:
Un-Tinned
• A soldering iron must be coated with a
thin coat of solder. This will allow for
the transfer of heat to the work piece.
• This procedure is called tinning.
Tinned
• The tip must be kept coated with a
shiny layer of solder by occasional
wiping and applying solder directly to
the tip.
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What is Flux?
Flux is a chemical compound.
Is applied and shields the joint surface from
air and prevents oxide formation.
Although flux will dissolve
and absorb oxides.
Applications:
• Soldering is use in
electronics and in
jewelry metalwork.
• Some refrigeration
components are often
assumbled and repaired
by the higher
temperature silver
soldering process.
Applications:
• It can also be used as a
semi-permanent patch
for a leak in a container
or cooking vessel.
• Electronic soldering
connects electrical
wiring
and
components electronic
to
printed circuit boards
Advantages of Soldering:
1. Low power is required.
2. Low process temperature.
3. Microstructure is not affected by heat.
4. Easily automated process.
5. Dissimilar materials may be joined.
6. High variety of materials may be joined.
7. Thin wall parts may be joined.
Disadvantages of soldering:
1. Large sections cannot be joined.
2. Fluxes may contain toxic components.
3. Soldering joints can not be in high
used
temperature applications.
4. Low strength of joints.
5. Careful removal of the flux residuals is required
in order to prevent corrosion.
Barazing:
• Brazing is when a
filler metal or alloy is
heated
to melting
its
temperature
above
450 °C.
only
• In this filler
metal melts, there is no
case
melting of workpiece
metal.
Brazing Process:
1. In a brazing operation, you
apply heat broadly to the
base metals.
2. The filler metal is drawn
through the joint to create
this bond is capillary
action.
Brazing Methods:
• Torc Brazing:-
h
flux is applied to the
part surfaces and a
torch is used to focus
flame against the work
at the joint. A reducing
flame is used to
prevent the oxidation.
• .
• Furnace Brazing :
Furnace Brazing used to heat the workpieces to be joined
by brazing operation. The component parts and brazing
metal are loaded into a furnace, heated to brazing
temperature, and then cooled and removed.
Induction Brazing:-
A process that uses electrical
resistance of workpiece and high frequency current
induced into the same as a source of heat generation.
The parts are pre-loaded with filler metal and placed in
a high frequency AC field.
Power
supply
Dip Brazing:
Assembled parts are typically dipped in a
heated chemical bath which serve as both fluxing agent and
heat source to melt pre-applied filler material.
Brazing Welds:
Advantages of Brazing:
1. Any metals can be joined including
dissimilar metals.
2. Certain brazing methods can be performed
quickly.
3. Brazing can be applied to join thin-walled parts that
can’t be welded.
4. In general, less heat and power are required than in
fusion welding.
Disadvantages of Brazing:
1. Joint strenght is generally less than that of a welded
joint.
2. Although strenght of a good brazed joint is greater
than that of the filler metal it is likely to be less than
that of the base metals.
3. High service temperatures may weaken a brazed
joint
4. The colour of the metal in brazed joint may not
match the colour of the base metal parts
