perspective of

the self
and personality
Alico, BRozas, De Guia, & POLBOSA
 ICE BREAKER

Personality Test
 Questions:

1. When you're feeling stressed, do you immediately grab a snack or take

a nap before anything else?

2. Do you feel more accomplished when you achieve personal goals

rather than just spending time with friends or family?

3. Do you always try to get better at things?

4. When life gets tough, do you care more about being safe or being
hugged by your bestie?

5. Do you prefer to have a well-planned life, or do you go with the flow?

 Questions:
6. Do you prefer a safe job or an exciting, unpredictable one?

7. Do you feel like a champion when you finally finish a project you’ve
worked hard on?

8. When you mess up, do you laugh it off and think “I’ll get better next
time”?

9. Do you feel more energized by being with people who understand you,
or by reaching your own goals?

10. Do you think you're still growing and changing, or do you feel like
you've already reached your full potential (no more upgrades)?
“the egg”
“the egg”
What is
Human
Personality?
According to the American
Psychological Association (APA),
personality refers to individual
differences in characteristic patterns
of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
It’s what makes each person unique
and includes traits such as how we
respond to situations, our emotional
patterns, and how we interact with
others. Essentially, personality is the
way we consistently think, act, and
How is Human
Personality
Developed?
The development of personality is a
lifelong process, and it’s influenced
by various factors: Your
Environment, Your Experiences, and
Your Inner Self.
“FITTING THE PIECES TOGETHER
”
Abraham Maslow(born
April 1, 1908 – died June
8, 1970) was an
American psychologist who is

Abraham
best known for
developing the
Hierarchy of Needs
theory. He believed that
humans have a set of Maslow?
needs that must be met
in a specific order
Abraham Maslow(born April 1, 1908 –
died June 8, 1970) was an American
psychologist best known for
developing the Hierarchy of Needs
theory. He believed that humans have
a set of needs that must be met in a
specific order
 Maslow’s
Hierarchy of
Needs
 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of

Needs is like a pyramid that
shows the different things
humans need to feel happy,
safe, and complete. These
needs are arranged in levels,
and we have to fulfill the basic
needs at the bottom before we
can move up to the next level.
The Five
Levels of
Maslow’s
Hierarchy
 Physiological Needs
(Basic Survival Needs)

These are the most important

needs, like food, water, air, and
sleep. Without them, it’s hard
to do anything else.

1.
 safety Needs
(Feeling Safe and Secure)

Once our basic survival needs

are met, we want to feel safe.
This includes things like having
a safe home, a stable job, and
not being in danger.
2.

1.
 Love and Belonging Needs
(Friendship and Relationships)

After feeling safe, humans need

to feel loved and connected to
3.
others. This includes friends,
family, and being part of a
2. group.

1.
 Esteem Needs
(Feeling Good About Yourself)
4.
Once we feel loved and safe,
we want to feel proud of
3.
ourselves and be respected by
others. This means achieving
2. goals and feeling recognized
for our hard work.

1.
5.
Self-Actualization Needs
(Reaching Your Full Potential)
4.
This is the highest level. It’s
when you are doing your best
3.
and being the best version of
yourself. It’s about pursuing
2. your dreams and becoming the
person you’ve always wanted
to be.
1.
Is Self-Actualization really
possible for everyone? Can
anyone reach this stage, or
is it just a dream?
Maslow believed that self-
actualization is a rare achievement,
but that doesn't mean it’s
impossible for everyone to reach it.

Here are some important points to

consider:
1. It depends on fulfilling basic needs:
According to Maslow, you can only reach self-
actualization after satisfying all your lower-
level needs (like food, safety, love, and
esteem). So, for someone who is struggling
with basic survival needs, reaching self-
actualization might be more challenging.
2. It’s a continuous process: Maslow didn’t
view self-actualization as a one-time
achievement. Instead, it’s an ongoing journey
of growth. Even people who reach this stage
may still experience setbacks, but they
continue to strive toward self-improvement.
3. Not everyone will reach the same level:
Maslow didn’t believe that everyone would
reach the same level of self-actualization. For
some, the pursuit of happiness, creativity, or
fulfillment might look different. It's a very
individual journey, and different people might
have different ways of experiencing self-
actualization.
4. External factors matter: Things like culture,
environment, and life circumstances can play
a role in whether someone can reach self-
actualization. For example, people in
oppressive situations might face more
obstacles, making self-actualization more
difficult.
Self-Actualization is not a fixed
destination. It’s about continuous
growth and striving toward
becoming your best self—and that
is possible for everyone, even if
it's at different levels or in
different ways.
What are
Peak
Experiences?
Peak Experiences are moments when you
feel super happy, really connected, and like
everything is going perfectly. It's when you
feel so good that you forget about
everything else around you because you are
fully in the moment.
How Peak Experiences Relate to Self-
Actualization?

Self-Actualization is about becoming the

best version of yourself—feeling proud,
confident, and truly happy with who you are.
Peak Experiences are moments that show
you are growing and being your authentic
self.
 Carl Rogers (1902–
1987) was an
American
who is
psychologist and
carl one of the founders
of humanistic

rogers psychology. He is
best known for
developing Person-
Centered Therapy.
Carl Rogers (1902–1987) was
an American psychologist and
one of the founders of
humanistic psychology. He is
best known for developing
Person-Centered Therapy.
According to the book Theories of
Personality by J. Feast and Tomo-Ann
Roberts (2013), Carl Rogers' Person-
Centered Theory is based on the
idea that people have an inherent
tendency to grow and improve, and
that they are motivated by the
desire to become the best version of
themselves, known as self-
actualization.
key concepts in
roger’s theory
1. Self-
Actualization

2. Unconditional Positive
Regard

3. The Real Self vs. The Ideal

Self

4. Congruence
key concepts in
roger’s theory 1. Self-
Actualization

is when you become the best version of yourself.

It’s like when a plant grows into a beautiful flower,
reaching its full potential. According to Carl Rogers,
everyone has the ability to become their best self,
but they need the right environment to grow.
key concepts in
roger’s theory 2. Unconditional Positive
Regard

means loving and accepting someone for who they

are, no matter what. It’s about showing kindness
without judgment, even when someone makes
mistakes. This acceptance helps people feel safe
and supported, and they’re more likely to grow and
reach their potential.
key concepts in
roger’s theory 3. The Real Self vs. The Ideal
Self

The Real Self is who you really are right now, with
all your thoughts, feelings, and actions. The Ideal
Self is the person you want to become—your
dreams, goals, and the best version of you. To grow
and be happy, your Real Self and Ideal Self should
be close to each other. When they are very
different, you may feel unhappy or confused.
key concepts in
roger’s theory 4. Congruence

is when your Real Self and Ideal Self match up

closely. When they do, you feel authentic and
comfortable with who you are. But when they don’t
match, it causes incongruence, which leads to
stress and confusion because you’re not being true
to yourself.
 compare and contrast

maslow’s roger’s
both
theory theory
 compare and contrast: maslow’s theory

• Focuses on needs in a • Needs must be met in

hierarchy. a certain order (e.g.,
basic needs first, then
• Emphasizes physical love, then esteem)
and psychological
needs. • Self-actualization
happens when all
• Self-actualization is at needs are met.
the top of the
 compare and contrast: roger’s theory

• Focuses on self- • Focuses on the

actualization and personal importance of
growth. unconditional positive
regard .
• Emphasizes the
importance of • Self-actualization is
unconditional love and achieved when the real
acceptance. self and ideal self align.

• Emphasizes the
 compare and contrast: both theories

• Focus on personal growth • Both theories encourage

and self-actualization. a safe environment for
growth.
• Believes people need
support to grow. • Both focus on helping
people become the best
• Both believe people have version of themselves.
the potential to grow into
their best selves.
how both theories impacts
self-esteem
& self awareness
 Maslow’s Theory

Self-Esteem: To feel good about yourself, you

need basic needs (like food, safety, and love) to
be met. Once these needs are met, you can feel
proud of yourself and your abilities.

Self-Awareness: When your basic needs are met,

you can start thinking about your goals and
dreams, which helps you understand what you
need to grow and what’s important to you.
 rogers’s Theory

Self-Esteem: You need to be accepted and loved

for who you are, even if you make mistakes.
When people accept you, you feel more
confident and proud of yourself.

Self-Awareness: By understanding who you

really are (your real self) and who you want to
be (your ideal self), you become more aware of
what you need to change or improve.
modified true or false
1.) Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs starts with
the need for self-actualization.

2.) Self-actualization means becoming the best

version of yourself.

3.) Unconditional positive regard means loving

someone only when they do well.
4.) According to Maslow, self-esteem comes
before love and belonging in the hierarchy of
needs.

5.) Self-awareness means knowing your

strengths, weaknesses, and feelings.

6.) According to Rogers, people should be

loved and accepted for who they really are to
7.) In Maslow’s theory, safety needs are the
most important for self-actualization

8.) Congruence happens when your real self

and ideal self are very different.

9.) A person who experiences peak

experiences is likely moving toward self-
actualization.
10.) Rogers’ theory helps people understand
their real self and ideal self to reduce emotional
stress.
 answers

1. False (Maslow's hierarchy starts with basic

needs like food and safety.)
2. True
3. False (Unconditional positive regard means
loving and accepting someone no matter
what.)
4. False (Love and belonging come before
self-esteem.)
5. True
 answers

6.) True
7. ) False (Basic needs like food and shelter
are more important for self-actualization.)
8.) False (Congruence happens when your
real self and ideal self match closely.)
9. ) True
10.) True
thank you!