KASA
ROGA
By Dr. Swati Sharma
TYPES
वातादिजास्त्रयो ये च क्षतजः क्षयजस्तथा |
पञ्चैते स्युर्नृणां कासा वर्धमानाः
क्षयप्रदाः||(Ch. Chi.18\4)
There are five types of kasa.
These five types are
vataja, pittaja, kaphaja, kshataja and kshayaja.
PREMONITORY SIGNS- POORVA RUPA
पूर्वरूपं भवेत्तेषां शूकपूर्णगलास्यता |
कण्ठे कण्डूश्च भोज्यानामवरोधश्च जायते ||
(Ch. Chi.18\5)
Following are the premonitory signs and symptoms of kasa:
1.Sensation as if throat and mouth are filled with shooka (thorns).
2.Itching sensation in the throat.
3.Inability to swallow food
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- SAMPRAPTI
अधःप्रतिहतो वायुरूर्ध्वस्रोतःसमाश्रितः
|
उदानभावमापन्नः कण्ठे सक्तस्तथोरसि ||६||
आविश्य शिरसः खानि सर्वाणि प्रतिपूरयन् |
आभञ्जन्नाक्षिपन् देहं हनुमन्ये
तथाऽक्षिणी ||७||
नेत्रे पृष्ठमुरःपार्श्वे निर्भुज्य
स्तम्भयंस्ततः |
शुष्को वा सकफो वाऽपि कसनात्कास उच्यते ||८||
takes over the
moves
Vata being function of
upwards,
obstructed Udana Vayu
afflicts the
in the lower and gets
channels of
region of localized in
circulation in
the body the throat and
the upper part
chest
of the body
Then entering all the
Thereafter this cavities in the head,
obstructed vata causes fills them up and
contraction and stiffness causes hunching and
convulsive
of the eyes, back, chest movements of the
and sides of the chest, body, jaws, sides of
gives rise to kasa the neck and eyes
• SPECIFIC FEATURES OF KASA- ROOPA
वेदनाशब्दवैशिष्ट्यं कासानामुपजायते ||(Ch.
Chi.18\9)
Specific variations in the pain and sound associated with different types
of kasa are caused by the specific nature of the obstruction (by kapha,
etc.) to the force fully moving vayu
• ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF VATAJA KASA-NIDANA
रूक्षशीतकषायाल्पप्रमितानशनं स्त्रियः |
वेगधारणमायासो वातकासप्रवर्तकाः ||(Ch. Chi.18\10)
Following are the causative factors of vatika type of kasa:
1.Intake of ruksha (dry), sheeta(cold), kashaya (astringent) type of food.
2.Intake of food in less quantity or much less quantity or not taking food at
all.
3.Excess indulgence in vyavaya.
4.Suppression of vega.
5.Excessive physical strain.
CLINICAL FEATURES OF VATAJ KASA- ROOPA
हृत्पार्श्वोरःशिरःशूलस्वरभेदकरो भृशम् |
शुष्कोरःकण्ठवक्रस्य हृष्टलोम्नः प्रताम्यतः ||११||
निर्घोषदैन्यस्तननदौर्बल्यक्षोभमोहकृत् |
शुष्ककासः कफं शुष्कं कृच्छ्रान्मुक्त्वाऽल्पतां
व्रजेत् ||१२||
स्निग्धाम्ललवणोष्णैश्च भुक्तपीतैः प्रशाम्यति |
ऊर्ध्ववातस्य जीर्णेऽन्ने वेगवान्मारुतो भवेत् ||१३||
Its signs and symptoms are as follows:
1.Excruciating pain in the epigastric region, flanks, chest, and head.
2.Excessive hoarseness of the voice.
3.Dryness in the chest, throat and mouth.
4.Horripilation and fainting.
5.Resonant sound during coughing, looks hopeless, hollow sound during
coughing.
6.weakness, agitated, illusive perceptions.
7.Dry cough
8.Expectorate scanty phlegm with pain.
9.The kasa gets alleviated by the food and drinks that are snigdha, amla,
lavana and ushna.
10.The upward movements increases vata after digestion of food.
• ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF PITTAJA KASA- NIDANA
कटुकोष्णविदाह्यम्लक्षाराणामतिसेवनम् |
पित्तकासकरं क्रोधः
सन्तापश्चाग्निसूर्यजः ||(Ch. Chi.18\14)
Excessive intake of ushna, katu, vidahi, amla and kshara type of ahara;
krodha,
Santapa , exposure to the heat of the fire and sun are the causative
factors of pittaja kasa
CLINICAL FEATURES OF PITTAJ KASA- ROOPA
पीतनिष्ठीवनाक्षित्वं तिक्तास्यत्वं स्वरामयः |
उरोधूमायनं तृष्णा दाहो मोहोऽरुचिर्भ्रमः ||१५||
प्रततं कासमानश्च ज्योतींषीव च पश्यति |
श्लेष्माणं पित्तसंसृष्टं निष्ठीवति च पैत्तिके ||१६||
Signs and symptoms of pittaja kasa are as follows:
1.Yellowish sputum and eyes
2.Bitter taste in mouth
3.Voice disorders
4.Feeling of smoke is being vomited out of the chest
5.Morbid thirst, burning, illusive, anorexia and giddiness
6.Appearance of twinkling stars in front of the eyes while coughing
continuously
7.Expectoration of sputum mixed with pitta.
• ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF KAPHAJA KASA- NIDANA
गुर्वभिष्यन्दिमधुरस्निग्धस्वप्नाविचे
ष्टनैः |
वृद्धः श्लेष्माऽनिलं रुद्ध्वा कफकासं
करोति हि ||(Ch. Chi.18\17)
• Intake of heavy to digest, slimy, excessive sweets and oily foods ;
• excessive sleep and habitual inertia leads to aggravation of kapha and
thereby obstructs the movement of vata which gives rise to kaphaja
type of kasa
CLINICAL FEATURES OF KAPHAJ KASA- ROOP
मन्दाग्नित्वारुचिच्छर्दिपीनसोत्क्लेशगौरवैः |
लोमहर्षास्यमाधुर्यक्लेदसंसदनैर्युतम् ||१८||
बहुलं मधुरं स्निग्धं निष्ठीवति घनं कफम् |
कासमानो ह्यरुग् वक्षः सम्पूर्णमिव मन्यते ||१९||
The signs and symptoms of kaphaja type of kasa are as follows:
1.Lowered digestion process, anorexia, vomitng, nasal discharge,
nausea and heaviness
2.Horripilation, stickiness and sweetness of the mouth
3.Expectoration of thick, sweet, slimy, phlegm in large quantity
4.Not feeling of pain in the chest while coughing
5.Feeling of fullness in the chest
• ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF KSHATAJA KASA- NIDANA
अतिव्यवायभाराध्वयुद्धाश्वगजविग्रहैः |
रूक्षस्योरः क्षतं वायुर्गृहीत्वा
कासमावहेत् ||(Ch. Chi.18\20)
Excessive indulgence in vyavaya, carrying excessive heavy load,
walking excessively long distance, indulgence in fighting, excessive
indulgence in restraining the movement of horses and elephants etc.
factors cause injury to the chest and bring about rukshata in the body
and in turn causes aggravation of vata there by results in the
manifestation of kshataja kasa.
CLINICAL FEATURES OF KSHATAJ KASA- ROOP
स पूर्वं कासते शुष्कं ततः ष्ठीवेत् सशोणितम् |
कण्ठेन रुजताऽत्यर्थं विरुग्णेनेव चोरसा ||२१||
सूचीभिरिव तीक्ष्णाभिस्तुद्यमानेन शूलिना |
दुःखस्पर्शेन शूलेन भेदपीडाभितापिना ||२२||
पर्वभेदज्वरश्वासतृष्णावैस्वर्यपीडितः |
पारावत इवाकूजन् कासवेगात्क्षतोद्भवात् ||२३||
Signs and symptoms of kshataja kasa are as follows:
1.The cough will be dry in the beginning followed by blood tinged
sputum
2.Excessive pain in the throat and feeling of cracking pain in the chest
3.Pricking type of pain as if pricked by sharp needles
4.Excruciating pain and discomfort by touch on chest, miserable
appearance.
5.Pain in joints and fingers, fever, labored breath, thirst and altered
voice
6.While coughing, sounds humming like pigeon.
• ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF KSHAYAJA KASA- NIDANA
विषमासात्म्यभोज्यातिव्यवायाद्वेगनिग्र
हात् |
घृणिनां शोचतां नॄणां व्यापन्नेऽग्नौ
त्रयो मलाः ||(Ch. Chi.18\24)
Intake of vishamashana and asatmya ahara,
indulgence in vyavaya,
suppression of vega, ghrina and shoka etc factors leads to vitiation
of agni thereby aggravation of tridosha giving rise to kshayaj Kasa.
कुपिताः क्षयजं कासं कुर्युर्देहक्षयप्रदम् |
दुर्गन्धं हरितं रक्तं ष्ठीवेत् पूयोपमं कफम् ||२५||
स्थानादुत्कासमानश्च हृदयं मन्यते च्युतम् |
अकस्मादुष्णशीतार्तो बह्वाशी दुर्बलः कृशः ||२६||
स्निग्धाच्छमुखवर्णत्वक् श्रीमद्दर्शनलोचनः |
पाणिपादतलैः श्लक्ष्णैः सततासूयको घृणी ||२७||
ज्वरो मिश्राकृतिस्तस्य पार्श्वरुक् पीनसोऽरुचिः |
भिन्नसंहतवर्चस्त्वं स्वरभेदोऽनिमित्ततः ||२८||
इत्येष क्षयजः कासः क्षीणानां देहनाशनः |
साध्यो बलवतां वा स्याद्याप्यस्त्वेवं क्षतोत्थितः ||२९||
नवौ कदाचित् सिध्येतामेतौ पादगुणान्वितौ |
स्थविराणां जराकासः सर्वो याप्यः प्रकीर्तितः ||३०||
Signs and symptoms of kshayaja kasa are as follows:
1.Expectoration of the kapha, which is greenish, red in colour,
associated with pus and bad odor.
2.While coughing person feels as if the heart is displaced.
3.Feels suddenly afflicted with both hot and cold sensations.
4.Consumption of food in excessive quantity
5.Feeling of very weak, and emaciation
6.Clean and unctuous complexion of face, associated with gracious
appearance of face and eyes.
7.Soft silky touch of hands and foot.
8.Person always finds fault with others and develops immensely hateful
disposition.
9.Person suffers from diseases like jwara (having signs and symptoms
of all dosha), nasal congestion, anorexia, painful flanks, altered voice.
10.Feces hard or loose frequently without apparent cause stool.
This is called kshayaja kasa which leads to the death of the patient if he
is already very weak. If the patient is strong, then the disease can be
cured.
• Kshataja kasa is palliable if the patient is strong. If these two
diseases(kshataja and kshayaja) are in their initial stage and if all
four chikitsa chatushpada are endowed with efficiency, then both of
these are curable. All types of kasa are however palliable if the patient
is old
PROGNOSIS-SAADHYASADHYATA
The first three types of kasa (vataja, pittaja, kaphaja) should be treated as
these are sadhya vyadhi. Whereas other two types (khataja and kshayaja)
should be managed with appropriate drugs and diet.
This is called kshayaja kasa which leads to the death of the patient if he is
already very weak. If the patient is strong, then the disease can be cured.
• Kshataja kasa is palliable if the patient is strong. If these two
diseases(kshataja and kshayaja) are in their initial stage and if all
four chikitsa chatushpada are endowed with efficiency, then both of
these are curable. All types of kasa are however unmanageable if the
patient is old.
