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Understanding Database Schemas

The document provides an overview of database schemas in Python SQL libraries, detailing their components, importance, and design principles. It includes a case study of a social media app schema, covering tables for users, posts, comments, and likes, along with their relationships and sample data entries. Additionally, it discusses SQLAlchemy for ORM, normalization, indexing, security, and best practices for database management.

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sedhupathivishnu2
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54 views50 pages

Understanding Database Schemas

The document provides an overview of database schemas in Python SQL libraries, detailing their components, importance, and design principles. It includes a case study of a social media app schema, covering tables for users, posts, comments, and likes, along with their relationships and sample data entries. Additionally, it discusses SQLAlchemy for ORM, normalization, indexing, security, and best practices for database management.

Uploaded by

sedhupathivishnu2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understanding Database Schemas

in Python SQL Libraries


What is a Database Schema?
• Definition and importance in relational
databases.
Components of a Schema
• Tables, fields, data types, relationships.
Importance of Schema Design
• Data integrity, efficiency, scalability.
Overview of the Social Media App
Schema
• Introduction to the case study.
Users Table
• Stores user information.
Fields in Users Table
• id, name, age, gender, nationality.
Primary Key Concept
• Understanding unique identifiers.
Data Types and Constraints
• Integer, text, NOT NULL, etc.
Sample Data Entry (Users)
• Example of a user record.
Posts Table
• Stores user posts.
Fields in Posts Table
• id, title, description, user_id.
Foreign Key Relationship
• Linking posts to users.
One-to-Many Relationship
• One user can have many posts.
Sample Data Entry (Posts)
• Example of a post record.
Comments Table
• Stores comments on posts.
Fields in Comments Table
• id, text, user_id, post_id.
Dual Foreign Keys
• Linking comments to users and posts.
One-to-Many Relationships
• Users and posts to comments.
Sample Data Entry (Comments)
• Example of a comment record.
Likes Table
• Stores likes on posts.
Fields in Likes Table
• id, user_id, post_id.
Many-to-Many Relationship
• Users liking multiple posts and vice versa.
Implementing Many-to-Many in
SQL
• Using join tables.
Sample Data Entry (Likes)
• Example of a like record.
Entity-Relationship Diagram
Overview
• Visual representation of tables and
relationships.
Users and Posts Relationship
• Detailed ER diagram segment.
Posts and Comments Relationship
• Detailed ER diagram segment.
Users and Likes Relationship
• Detailed ER diagram segment.
Full Schema Diagram
• Comprehensive ER diagram.
Introduction to SQLAlchemy
• ORM for Python.
Defining the Users Model
• Python class for users table.
Defining the Posts Model
• Python class for posts table.
Defining the Comments Model
• Python class for comments table.
Defining the Likes Model
• Python class for likes table.
Setting Up Relationships in
SQLAlchemy
• Using relationship() and backref.
Creating the Database
• Using Base.metadata.create_all().
Inserting Sample Data
• Adding records using SQLAlchemy session.
Querying the Database
• Retrieving data with SQLAlchemy.
Updating and Deleting Records
• Modifying data using SQLAlchemy.
Importance of Normalization
• Avoiding data redundancy.
Indexing for Performance
• Enhancing query speed.
Handling Migrations
• Using Alembic with SQLAlchemy.
Security Considerations
• Preventing SQL injection, managing access.
Backup and Recovery Strategies
• Ensuring data safety.
Scaling the Database
• Handling increased load.
Monitoring and Optimization
• Using tools for performance tuning.
Common Pitfalls to Avoid
• Mistakes in schema design.
Recap of Key Concepts
• Summarizing the presentation.
Q&A and Further Resources
• Engaging the audience and providing
materials.

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