OPENING PRAYER

Lord Jesus, please give me a

Water
Resources
objectives
At the end of the module, the
learners will be able to:
• Identify the various water
resources on Earth.
• Explain how different activities
affect the quality and availability
of water for human use.
introduction
Water resources are
natural resources of
water that are
potentially useful.
introduction
Water resources are
used in many fields:
agriculture, industry,
household, and
recreational and
environmental
introduction
Water is now
considered as one of
the world’s most
expensive
commodities.
introduction
Water is now
considered as one of
the world’s most
expensive
commodities.
The
Hydrologic
Cycle
IS ALSO CALLED AS
THE “WATER CYCLE.”
 3
4
1 2

5
 3 Condensati
on
4 Precipitatio
1 Evaporatio Transpirati 2 n
n on

Collection
5 (Runoff)
The
Hydrologic
Cycle
Is composed of
interconnected
pathways and
reservoirs.
 Earth’s
hydrosphere
undergo
Hydrologic
es That is was
cycle te
affected
freshwater by
saltwater
Surfa w/c
Groundw ce ic Seas and produc
ater e ocean es
wate
Used
r Domestic, agriculture,
Used for
for industrial, aquaculture,
fisheries, recreation
Earth’s water
Earth’s water
budget generally
remains constant
through time.
Earth’s water
Ocean is the largest
reservoir of water
with 97.5% of the
earth’s water.
Earth’s water
The Freshwater is
2.5% of the total
earth’s water;
divided in 68.7%
Glacier, 30.1%
Ground water, 0.8%
Residence Time for Specific
Reservoir
Reservoir Residence Time
Ocean and ice Thousand of years
sheets
Groundwater Tens to hundreds of
years
Streams and rivers Few weeks
Atmosphere Few days
Saltwater
reservoir
Ocean is a vast
body of salt water.
Saltwater
reservoir
Salinity is the
measure of
saltiness of
saltwater.
Saltwater
reservoir
THREE
MAJOR
ZONES IN
OCEAN:
1.SURFACE
WATER
Freshwater
reservoir
Is the rarest type of
ecosystem on earth.
Freshwater
reservoir
Can be found in
glaciers, ice sheets
and permafrost.
freshwater
reservoir
Glacier is a
large
permanent
body of ice,
which consists
of
freshwater
reservoir
Ice Sheets a
mass of
glacial land
ice extending
more than
50,000 square
Greenland Ice
Sheet
freshwater
reservoir
Permafrost is
a soil, rock, or
sediments
that are
frozen for
more than two
Surface water
reservoir
Is the body of water
found above the
ground.
Surface water
reservoir
stream is a
moving body of
surface water
that flows
downslope
toward sea
Surface water
reservoir
Lakes are large
inland bodies
of fresh or
saline water.
Surface water
reservoir
Wetlands are
land areas
where water
covers the
surface for
significant
Surface water
reservoir
Three types of
wetlands
1.Marsh
2.Swamp
3.estuary
Surface water
reservoir
Marsh is made
up of grasses
and reeds.
Surface water
reservoir
swamp is made
up of lush trees
and vegetation.
oxygen in water
is typically low.
Surface water
reservoir
Estuary is a
partly enclosed
coastal body
where
freshwater from
stream meets
Groundwater
reservoir
Is found in rock
and soil layers
beneath the
surface.
Groundwater
reservoir
Is largest reservoir
of liquid fresh water
on Earth (30.1%).
Groundwater
reservoir
Terms to remember:
• Aquifers: water-
bearing rock,
“sponge.”
Groundwater
reservoir
Terms to remember:
• porosity: total
amount of empty
pore spaces in the
rock.
Groundwater
reservoir
Terms to remember:
• permeability:
ability of the rock
or sediments to
allow water to
pass through it.
Ground
water
profile
Water as a
resource
World’s greatest
river:
• Tigris & Euphrates
(Mesopotamia)
• Nile River (Egypt)
• Yellow River (Huang-He
Tigris and
Euphrates
Nile river
Yellow river
Water as
resource
Water resources help
to regulate climate,
and to shapes
earth’s surface.
Water as
resource
Water bodies are
habitat for humans,
animals, plants and
marine animals.
Water as
resource
Water is very
important for
agriculture, cleaning,
cooking food and
various activities.
Human’s activities affecting
water resource
1. Population growth:
particularly in water
short regions.
Human’s activities affecting
water resource
2. Movement of
large number of
people from the
countryside to
towns and cities.
Human’s activities affecting
water resource
3. Demands for
greater food
security and higher
living standard.
Human’s activities affecting
water resource
4. Increase
competition
between different
uses of water
sources.
Human’s activities affecting
water resource
5. Pollution from
factories, cities and
farmlands
Water resources management
& Conservation
planning,
developing,
distributing and
managing the
optimum use of
Water resources management
& Conservation
accurate knowledge
of the available
resources ,
demands, and
mechanisms to
Water resources management
& Conservation
1. Rainwater harvesting
Water resources management
& Conservation
2. Surface water is
diverted into basins in
recharge zones to
increase infiltration,
reduce evaporation, and
Water resources management
& Conservation
3. Dams and Reservoir
are built to provide
additional water storage.
Water resources management
& Conservation
4. Inter-basin transfer of
water.
.
Water resources management
& Conservation
Current technological
advancement:
1.make the wastewater
reusable.
2.Non-potable water use for
irrigation in industry.
POLICIES AND LAWS
Are crafted to protect,
and to better manage
water resources.
POLICIES AND LAWS
Includes the following:
1.PD No. 424 of 1974
2.PD No. 1067 (1976)
3.EO No. 222 of 1995
4.RA No. 8041
5.The Philippine Clean
Water Act of 2004
POLICIES AND LAWS
PD No. 424 of 1974
created the National
Water Resource
Council (NWRC) to
coordinate and
integrate water
POLICIES AND LAWS
PD No. 1067 (1976)
instituted the Water
Code.
POLICIES AND LAWS
EO No. 222 of 1995
established the
Presidential
Committee on Water
Conservation and
Demand
POLICIES AND LAWS
RA No. 8041 is AN
ACT TO ADDRESS THE
NATIONAL WATER
CRISIS AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES.
POLICIES AND LAWS
The Philippine Clean
Water Act of 2004
provided a
comprehensive water
quality management.
 Summary of water resources
I. HYDROLOGIC CYCLE III. WATER AS A
• The Five Phases RESOURCE
ii. EARTH’S WATER • Water activities
• Saltwater Reservoir affecting water
• Freshwater Reservoir resources
• Surface Water Res. • Water resources
• Groundwater Res. management and
• Aquifers, Artesian conservation
Well, and Springs • Policies and laws
• Groundwater-Stream crafted to protect and
 Closing PRAYER
Lord Jesus, I thank you
for all the blessings you
have given me which I
will use for your greater
honour and glory.