AURORA’S TECHNOLOGICAL AND
RESEARCH INSTITUTE,PARVATHAPUR,UPPAL,MEDIPALLY(M),
MEDCHAL(D).HYDERABAD - 500098
NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION
GUIDED BY : PRESENTED BY : M
RAVI TEJA
MR MAHESH
20841A05E5
What is NFC ?
NFC or Near Field Communication is a short range high frequency
wireless communication technology.
NFC is mainly aimed for mobile or handheld devices
A radio communication is established by touching the two phones or
keeping them in a proximity of a few centimeters (up to 10 cm)
It allows for simplified transactions, data exchange, and wireless
connections between two devices.
Allows communication between
Two powered (active) devices
Powered and non self-powered (passive) devices
FEAUTURES
NFC is an extension of Radio frequency identification (RFID)
technology that combines the interface of a smartcard and a reader
into a single device. This allow two-way communication between
endpoints, where earlier systems were one-way only.
It operates within the globally available and unlicensed radio
frequency band of 13.56 MHz, with a bandwidth of 14 kHz
Working distance with compact standard antennas: up to 10 cm
Supported data rates: 106, 212 and 424 Kbit/s
For two devices to communicate using NFC, one device must have an
NFC reader/writer and one must have an NFC tag
NFC READER
Usuallya microcontroller-based (for
example NFC enabled phones) with an
integrated circuits that is capable of
generating radio frequency at 13.56
MHZ with other Components Such as
encoders, decoders, antenna,
comparators, and firmware designed to
transmit energy to a tag and read
information back from it by detecting
the backscatter modulation. The reader
continuously emits RF carrier signals,
and keeps observing the received RF
NFC tag
An RFID device incorporating a silicon memory
chip connecting to external antenna. Tag does
not have its own power source (passive).
The passive tag absorbs a small portion of the
energy emitted by the reader (phone),
and starts sending modulated information when
sufficient energy is acquired from the RF field
generated by the reader.
Data modulation (modulation for 0s and 1s) is
accomplished by either direct modulation or
FSK or Phase modulation.
Operation of NFC
1. NFC has two communicative terminals :The INITIATOR İs the one who wishes to
communicate and starts the communication. The TARGET receives the initiator's
communication request and sends back a reply
NFC employs two different coding to transfer data. If an active devicetransfers data at 106 Kbit/s, a
Modified Miller coding with 100% modulationis used. In all other cases Manchester coding is used
with a modulation ratioof 10%.
Operation of NFC
There are two modes of communication
1. Passive communication mode
2. Active communication mode
Passive Mode: The Initiator device provides a carrier field and the target device answers by modulating existing
field in this mode ,The target device may draw its operating power from the intiator Provided electromagnetic field
Operation of NFC
Active communication Mode :
Both Initiator and Target device communicated by alternately generating
their own field. A device deactivates its RF field while it is waiting for its
data
In this mode , both devices typically need to have a power supply.
Modes of operation
Reader/writer mode :
The NFC device is capable of reading NFC Forum-mandated tag types, such as a
tag embedded in an NFC smart poster
Peer-to-Peer mode :
Two NFC devices can exchange data. For example, you can share Bluetooth or Wi-Fi
link set-up parameters or you can exchange data such as virtual business cards or
digital photos.
Card Emulation mode :
The NFC device appears to an external reader much the same as a traditional
contactless smart card. This enables contactless payments and ticketing by NFC
devices without changing the existing infrastructure.
Operation of NFC
► NFC devices communicate via magnetic field induction, where two loop antennas are
located within each other's near field, effectively form in an air-core transformer.
► The reader continuously generates an RF carrier sine wave (at 13.56MHz), watching
always for modulation to occur. Detected modulation of the field would indicate the
presence of a tag.
Comparison with existing technologies
Applications of NFC
Application of NFC
Smart poster :
An object that has, affixed to or embedded in it, one or more readable NFC
tags with NDEF messages stored in them.
Each tag is read when an NFC device is held close to it
"N-Mark" shows touch point
Not only a paper poster on the wall
Billboard, garment tag, magazine page, evena three-dimensional object
Application of NFC
NFC and Mobile Payment :
A customer makes his payment through mobile phone using NFC
NFC phone will open wallet application
Wallet will display product cost when user clicks “Buy”
At check out, wallet will display all credit/debit cards in wallet for
payment
Customer will select card for payment Wallet will show the confirmation
page with the check out basket
Wallet will connect to retailer back end for authorization and display
tracking information
History of NFC
Advantages of NFC
Convenience :
NFC is a perfect source of convience because it mergesa mobile device with wallet(s).
Versality :
NFC can be well adapted for all kinds of situations ranging from bank cards to transit
passes, movie passes, reward systems and even keys.
Safety :
NFC enabled credit cards are much more secure than a credit card magnetic strip
Requires PIN
Retailers no longer have physical access to your credit card information Security
Dis-advantages of NFC
Company Agreements to use NFC
• if companies do not agree to integrate NFC into their business ,
consumers will not be able to use the technology.
Security
•Examples include a phone's owner credit card information, bill
payments, social security information, etc.
• Moreover, as technology advances, it will becomes easier for hackers
to do this.
CONCLUSION
Mobile handsets are the primary target for NFC and soon NFC will be
implemented in most handheld devices. Even though NFC have the
shortest range among radio frequency technologies but it is
revolutionary due to it's security, compatibility, user friendly
interface, immense applications etc
The above mentioned scenarios are just a few examples of how NFC
will change our lives for the better. With the high level of interest by
corporations, as well as involvement of individual developers and
users in this short range communication standard, the possibilities
are endless.
THANK
YOU
