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Lahore Garrison University

Cloud Computing
Week-5 Lecture-1
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Overview of previous lecture

 Blade Performance
 A Quick Introduction to Servers and Blades
 Overview of a Cloud architecture
 Systems review
 ISA
 Memory hierarchy
 OS
 Networks

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Preamble of each lecture

 Why do we need IaaS ?

 How IaaS meets cloud properties ?

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Lecture Outcomes

 Understanding related
 Virtualization Overview
 Terminology & Taxonomy

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 Agenda

• Overview
 Why do we need IaaS ?
 How IaaS meets cloud properties ?

• Enabling Techniques
 Virtualization Overview
 Terminology & Taxonomy
Why do we need IaaS ?

OVERVIEW
 Overview

• What is the problems in conventional case ?

 Companies IT investment for peak capacity
 Lack of agility for IT infrastructure
 IT maintain cost for every company
 Usually suffered from hardware failure risk
 …etc

• These IT complexities force company back !!

 Overview

• How to solve these problem ?

 Let’s consider some kind of out-sourcing solution
• Somebody will handle on demand capacity for me
• Somebody will handle high available resource for me
• Somebody will handle hardware management for me
• Somebody will handle system performance for me
• Somebody will …

 Frankly, that would be a great solution IF there were “somebody”.

 But who can be this “somebody”, and provide all these services ?
 Overview

• Infrastructure as a Service will be the salvation.

 IaaS cloud provider takes care of all the IT infrastructure complexities.
 IaaS cloud provider provides all the infrastructure functionalities.
 IaaS cloud provider guarantees qualified infrastructure services.
 IaaS cloud provider charges clients according to their resource usage.

• But, what make all of these happen so magically ?

 Virtualization

• Assume that you are going to be an IaaS cloud provider.

 Then, what are the problems you are facing ?
• Clients will request different operating system.
• Clients will request different storage size.
• Clients will request different network bandwidth.
• Clients will change their requests anytime.
• Clients will …

 Is there any good strategy ?

• Allocate a new physical machine for each incomer.
• Prepare a pool of pre-installed machines for different requests.
• or …
 Virtualization
• What if we allocate a new physical machine for each
incomer ?

I want I want
Windows 7
Linux
Customer A Customer B

I want … I want …

I wanLtni …
I wantW…indows
ux
 Virtualization
• How about preparing a pool of pre-installed physical
machines for all kinds of request ?
I want
Mac OS

Somebody Somebody
Somebody may want Somebody may want
might want… might want…

Windows + Office Windows Server Linux + OpenOffice Linux Server

 Virtualization
• Obviously, neither of previous strategies will work.
• We need more powerful techniques to deal with that.

• Virtualization techniques will help.

 For computation resources
• Virtual Machine technique
 For storage resources
• Virtual Storage technique
 For communication resources
• Virtual Network technique
Why do we need IaaS ?
How IaaS meets cloud properties ?

OVERVIEW
• As a cloud provider, all of the fundamental properties and
characteristics stated in previous lectures should be
concerned and implemented.

Properties and
Characteristics
 Scalability & Elasticity
• What do scalability and elasticity mean in IaaS ?
 Clients should be able to dynamically increase or decrease the
amount of infrastructure resources in need.
 Large amount of resources provisioning and deployment
should be
done in short time, such as several hours or days.
 System behavior should remain identical in small scale or
large one.
 Scalability & Elasticity
• How to approach scalability and elasticity in IaaS ?
 For computation resources :
• Dynamically create or terminate virtual machines for clients on demand.
• Integrate hypervisors among all physical machines to collaboratively
control and manage all virtual machines.
 For storage resources :
• Dynamically allocate or de-allocate virtual storage space for clients.
• Integrate all physical storage resources in the entire IaaS system
• Offer initial storage resources by thin provisioning technique.
 For communication resources :
• Dynamically connect or disconnect the linking state of virtual networks for
clients on demand.
• Dynamically divide the network request flow to different physical routers
to maintain access bandwidth.
 Availability & Reliability
• What do availability and reliability mean in IaaS ?
 Clients should be able to access computation resources without
considering the possibility of hardware failure.
 Data stored in IaaS cloud should be able to be retrieved when
needed without considering any natural disaster damage.
 Communication capability and capacity should be maintained
without considering any physical equipment shortage.
 Availability & Reliability
• How to approach availability and reliability in IaaS ?
 For computation resources :
• Monitor each physical and virtual machine for any possible failure.
• Regularly backup virtual machine system state for disaster recovery.
• Migrate virtual machine among physical machines for potential failure
prevention.
 For storage resources :
• Maintain data pieces replication among different physical storage devices.
• Regularly backup virtual storage data to geographical remote location for
disaster prevention.
 For communication resources :
• Built redundant connection system to improve robustness.
 Manageability &
• Interoperability
What do manageability and interoperability mean in IaaS ?
 Clients should be able to fully control the virtualized infrastructure
resources which allocated to them.
 Virtualized resources can be allocated by means of system control
automation process with pre-configured policy.
 States of all virtualized resource should be fully under monitoring.
 Usage of infrastructure resources will be recorded and then billing
system will convert these information to user payment.
 Manageability &
• Interoperability
How to approach manageability and interoperability in IaaS ?
 For computation resources :
• Provide basic virtual machine operations, such as creation, termination,
suspension, resumption and system snapshot.
• Monitor and record CPU and memory loading for each virtual machine.
 For storage resources :
• Monitor and record storage space usage and read/write data access from
user for each virtual storage resource.
• Automatic allocate/de-allocate physical storage according to space
utilization.
 For communication resources :
• Monitor and record the network bandwidth consumption for each virtual
link.
• Automatically reroute the data path when computation and storage are
duplicated.
 Performance & Optimization
• What do performance and optimization mean in IaaS ?
 Physical resources should be highly utilized among different clients.
 Physical resources should form a large resource pool which provide
high computing power through parallel processing.
 Virtual infrastructure resources will be dynamically configured to
an optimized deployment among physical resources.
 Performance & Optimization
• How to approach performance and optimization in IaaS ?
 For computation resources :
• Deploy virtual machine with load balancing consideration.
• Live migrate virtual machines among physical ones to balance the system
loading.
 For storage resources :
• Deploy virtual storage with hot spot access consideration.
• Live migrate virtual storage among physical ones with different
performance level.
 For communication resources :
• Consider network bandwidth loading when deploying virtual machines
and storage.
• Dynamically migrate virtual machines or storage to balance network
flow.
 Accessibility & Portability
• What do accessibility and portability mean in IaaS ?
 Clients should be able to control, manage and access infrastructure
resources in an easy way, such as the web-browser, without
additional local software or hardware installation.
 Provided infrastructure resources should be able to be reallocated
or duplicated easily.
 Accessibility & Portability
• How to approach accessibility and portability in IaaS ?
 For computation resources :
• Cloud provider integrate virtual machine management and access through
web-based portal.
• Comply the virtual machine standard for portability.
 For storage resources :
• Cloud provider integrate virtual storage management and access through
web-based portal.
 For communication resources :
• Cloud provider integrate virtual network management and access through
web-based portal.
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Q&A

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References

 These lecture notes were taken from following source:

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