Uses of ICT/E-
governance
Vishonath Bhandari
Roll no.: 1531
Development Management-II
MPA Second Semester
E-Governance:Introduction
• The use of ICT to enhance and streamline the delivery
of government
• Fosters citizen engagement and participation in
governance
• Bill Clinton’s Government Paperwork Elimination Act,
1998
Types/Components of E-Governance
• G2C: contact between Government and [Link].
Issue of citizenship
• G2B: relationship between Government and
Private/business [Link]. E-taxation.
• G2G: Government ensures cooperation and
coordination between intra-national and international
government units
• G2E: Provides information and services from
Government to employee and employee to
Importance/Benefits of E-
Governance
• Ensures efficiency, economy and effectiveness (3E)
governance
• Promote better relationship between public and
government, and provide better access to information
and quality service for citizens,
• Promote accountability, transparency and rapid
response in public service delivery
• Develop knowledge-based society for national
development
• Promote integrated service delivery overcoming
physical and geographical constraints in public service
delivery
• Reduce cost, minimize corruption/irregularities as well
as role of intermediaries in service delivery
• Promote public participation and ownership in
governance system
• Reduce work load through use of digital institutional
memory
E-Governance in Nepal
• Established Radio Nepal in 2007, NTA in 2032, and Nepal
Television in 2042
• Computer was used for the first time in 2028 Census
• After the restoration of democracy in 2046 B.S., use of
computer technology expanded in private sectors too.
• Concept of E-governance was put forward by the government
when it introduced IT policy, 2057 (now IT policy, 2072)
• Electronic Transaction Act, 2063
• Provision of website, e-bidding, internet voting, LMBIS,
ASYCUDA, e-passport
Problems and Challenges of E-
Governance in Nepal
• Digital Divide: disparity in internet access and digital literacy
• Infrastructure Constraints: Limited ICT infrastructure
• Capacity Constraints: constraints in expertise, digital
governance, data management
• Legal and Regulation Frameworks: lack of SOP
• Cyber Security Risks: including hacking, data breaches, cyber
attack
• Knowledge Gap: uneducated and unskilled in IT
• Political Instability: frequent changes in government
leadership can hinder e-governance initiatives and long-tern
planning and implementation.
• Coordination Gap: between public offices and private sector
• Abandoning traditional and procedural cultur
Way Forward
• Formulation clear e-governance policy framework and
regulations to address legal issues
• Invest in expanding broadband connectivity and upgrading
ICT infrastructure
• Implement digital literacy programs and training initiatives
• Ensure availability of funds and resources to implement
electronic based government services and development
• Design and develop user-friendly e-governance platforms
and applications
• Enhance cyber security measures and data protection
mechanism
• Streamline government processes and procedures through
the digitization of administrative task
• Establish system security framework and data standards
• Foster greater citizen engagement and participation
• Provide training and capacity-building program
• Strengthen legal and regulatory frameworks for e-
governance
• Conduct public awareness campaigns and outreach activities
