Lecture 6,7: Authentication & Access
Control
• Understanding MFA, Biometrics, and Role-
Based Access Control (RBAC)
What is Authentication?
• Authentication is the process of verifying the
identity of users or systems.
Why is Authentication Important?
• 1. Prevents unauthorized access
• 2. Protects sensitive data
• 3. Ensures system security
Types of Authentication Factors
• 1. Something You Know (Passwords, PINs)
• 2. Something You Have (Smart Cards, OTPs)
• 3. Something You Are (Biometrics)
Single-Factor vs Multi-Factor Authentication
• Single-Factor: Uses only one authentication
method
• Multi-Factor: Combines two or more
authentication factors for increased security.
What is Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)?
• MFA requires two or more independent
credentials to enhance security.
MFA Examples in Real Life
• 1. Password + OTP
• 2. Fingerprint + PIN
• 3. Smart Card + Facial Recognition
Benefits of MFA
• 1. Reduces risk of unauthorized access
• 2. Protects against phishing attacks
• 3. Enhances cybersecurity compliance
Challenges of Implementing MFA
• 1. User inconvenience
• 2. Compatibility issues
• 3. Cost of implementation
What are Biometrics?
• Biometrics use unique biological traits for
authentication.
Types of Biometric Authentication
• 1. Fingerprint Recognition
• 2. Facial Recognition
• 3. Iris Scanning
• 4. Voice Recognition
• 5. Behavioral Biometrics
Advantages of Biometric
Authentication
• 1. High security and reliability
• 2. Difficult to forge
• 3. Fast and convenient for users
Challenges of Biometric
Authentication
• 1. Privacy concerns
• 2. Risk of biometric data leaks
• 3. Spoofing and hacking risks
What is Role-Based Access Control
(RBAC)?
• RBAC restricts access based on predefined
roles within an organization.
How RBAC Works
• 1. Users are assigned roles
• 2. Each role has specific permissions
• 3. Access is granted based on roles, not
individuals
Benefits of RBAC
• 1. Simplifies access management
• 2. Enhances security by restricting access
• 3. Reduces administrative workload
Case Study: MFA in Banking
• How financial institutions use MFA to secure
online banking and prevent fraud.
Case Study: RBAC in Corporate
Environments
• Example: How a company restricts access to
financial data using RBAC policies.
Quiz & Discussion
• 1. What are the three main authentication
factors?
• 2. Why is MFA more secure than single-factor
authentication?
• 3. What challenges do biometrics present?
• 4. How does RBAC improve security?
Summary
• 1. MFA improves security with multiple
authentication factors
• 2. Biometrics provide strong authentication
• 3. RBAC ensures controlled and efficient
access management.
Final Thoughts
• Implementing strong authentication and
access control is critical for cybersecurity.
