SCIENCE 7
second QUARTER- Week
1
Matatag curriculum
Exploring the Compound
Microscope
OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, the learners will be
able to:
1. Identify the main parts of a compound microscope
and describe their functions.
2. Demonstrate the proper handling and storing of a
compound microscope.
3. Appreciate the compound microscope by
answering the reflection of learning.
I. Activating Prior Knowledge
Identify the parts of compound microscope.
I. Activating Prior Knowledge
Identify the parts of compound microscope.
I. Activating Prior Knowledge
Identify the parts of compound microscope.
I. Activating Prior Knowledge
Identify the parts of compound microscope.
I. Activating Prior Knowledge
Identify the parts of compound microscope.
Identify the parts of compound microscope.
Identify the parts of compound microscope.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
⮚ Microscope is an optical
instrument used to observe
small objects or details that are
not visible to the naked eye.
⮚ It uses lenses to magnify the
image of the object being
examined, allowing the user to
see it in greater detail.
Types of Microscope
1. Light Microscope - Usually
found in most school. It uses
compound lenses and light to
magnify objects. The lenses
bend or refract the light, which
makes the object beneath them
appear closer.
Types of Microscope
2. Scanning Electron
Microscope - this type of
microscope allows scientist to
view much smaller objects to be
seen with a light microscope.
- it does not use light waves, they
use electrons to magnify
objects up to 2 million times.
Types of Microscope
3. Transmission Electron
Microscope - this type of
microscope also uses electrons,
but instead of scanning the
surface the way SEMs do,
electrons are passed through very
thin specimens.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
▪ Eyepiece (Ocular Lens): The
lens at the top of the
microscope that you look
through, usually with a
magnification of 10x or 15x.
▪ The eyepiece, also called the
ocular lens, is the lens closest
to the user's eye when looking
through a microscope.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
▪ Arm: The part of the
microscope that connects the
base to the head and the
eyepiece tube. It is used to
carry the microscope.
▪ The arm is typically made of a
sturdy metal material to ensure
the microscope remains stable
and secure during use and
transport.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
▪ Stage Clips: Metal clips on the
stage that hold the slide in place.
▪ Stage clips come in different
designs, such as spring-loaded
clips or screw-down clips. They
provide a stable platform to keep
the specimen centered and
focused as the user examines it
through the microscope.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
▪ Coarse Adjustment Knob: A
larger knob used for focusing the
microscope. It moves the stage
or the body tube up and down to
bring the specimen into general
focus.
▪ Turning the coarse adjustment
knob moves the objective lens a
larger distance, allowing for
faster focusing.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
▪ Fine Adjustment Knob: A
smaller knob used for fine-tuning
the focus of the specimen after
using the coarse adjustment
knob. It moves the stage slightly
to sharpen the image.
▪ The fine adjustment is essential
for getting the most detailed, high-
resolution observation of the
sample under the microscope.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
▪ Draw Tube: The tube that connects
the eyepiece to the microscope
body.
▪ The draw tube is the cylindrical tube
that connects the eyepiece (ocular
lens) to the main body or frame of
the microscope. This is an important
component that enables the user to
optimize the performance and
viewing experience when using the
microscope.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
▪ Revolving Nosepiece: The part
that holds two or more objective
lenses and can be rotated to
easily change power
(magnification).
▪ The revolving nosepiece is a
crucial part of the microscope that
gives the user the ability to easily
change magnification levels
simply by rotating the nosepiece.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
▪ Objective: The lenses closest to
the specimen, that are typically of
varying magnifications (e.g., 4x,
10x, 40x, 100x).
▪ The different objective lenses
allow the user to view the
specimen at different levels of
magnification. The objective
lenses are the lenses closest to
the specimen being observed.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
▪ Stage: The flat platform where
the slide is placed for observation.
▪ The stage is a fundamental part of
the microscope that enables the
user to properly prepare, position,
and focus on the specimen they
wish to observe and study. It's a
critical component for getting
high-quality, detailed images
through the microscope.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
▪ Diaphragm (YOUNG Sheldon
▪ ): A rotating disk under the stage
with different sized holes. It is
used to vary the intensity and size
of the cone of light that is
projected upward into the slide.
▪ Illuminator: A light source
located at the base of the
microscope.
Parts of a Microscope and their functions
▪ Base: The bottom part of the
microscope that provides stability
and support. It houses the
illuminator and other electrical
components.
▪ The base is the foundation that the
rest of the microscope structure is
built upon. Its sturdy design helps
keep the microscope steady and
prevents it from tipping or moving
during use.
Microscope Operation and Techniques
A. Preparing a Wet Mount Slide
1. Placing the specimen
▪ Use a clean microscope slide
▪ Add a small drop of water or
mounting medium to the center of
the slide
▪ Carefully place the specimen (e.g.
plant tissue, cheek cells) into the
drop
Microscope Operation and Techniques
A. Preparing a Wet Mount Slide
2. Adding a coverslip
▪ Gently lower a coverslip at a
45-degree angle onto the drop.
▪ Avoid trapping air bubbles
under the coverslip.
Microscope Operation and Techniques
B. Adjusting the Focus
1. Using coarse and fine adjustment
knobs.
▪ Start with the lowest power objective
lens
▪ Use the coarse adjustment knob to
quickly bring the specimen into view
▪ Switch to the fine adjustment knob
to refine and sharpen the focus
Microscope Operation and Techniques
B. Adjusting the Focus
2. Achieving optimal sharpness
▪ Observe the specimen and make
small, incremental turns of the fine
adjustment
▪ Continue adjusting until the image is
as clear and detailed as possible.
Microscope Operation and Techniques
C. Controlling Illumination
1. Adjusting the light source brightness
▪ Use the diaphragm or light intensity
control to adjust the brightness
▪ Aim for even, consistent illumination
across the field of view
Microscope Operation and Techniques
C. Controlling Illumination
2. Using the diaphragm or condenser
▪ The diaphragm controls the size of
the light beam.
▪ The condenser lens focuses the
light onto the specimen.
▪ Adjust these components to
optimize contrast and clarity
