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Ecosystem Interactions and Factors

The document outlines the interactions between organisms and their environment, focusing on biotic and abiotic factors that influence ecosystems. It describes key concepts such as habitats, populations, communities, and various feeding relationships including competition, predation, and symbiosis. Additionally, it highlights adaptations that help organisms survive and reproduce within their ecosystems.

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fakhir.abbasi2010
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23 views9 pages

Ecosystem Interactions and Factors

The document outlines the interactions between organisms and their environment, focusing on biotic and abiotic factors that influence ecosystems. It describes key concepts such as habitats, populations, communities, and various feeding relationships including competition, predation, and symbiosis. Additionally, it highlights adaptations that help organisms survive and reproduce within their ecosystems.

Uploaded by

fakhir.abbasi2010
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Week 6 - Ecology

Learning Objective
• Understand how the interactions between organisms impact an
ecosystem
• Recall the biotic and abiotic factors of an ecosystem

Success Criteria
• Identify the interactions between organisms impact an
ecosystem
• Describe the biotic and abiotic factors of an ecosystem
Ecosystems
Study of the relation of living organisms with each
other, and their surroundings of other living
organisms and non living things
• Habitat: where plants and animals live need to have:

• Population: same species living in the same area. Size


depends on availability of the above 5 factor
• Community:
• Interdependence:
• Ecosystem:
Abiotic (Non-living)
• temp – heat affects chemical reaction in cells
- ectothermic: eg lizard warms up in the sun
- endothermic: eg humans warms up due to respiration
• water assists the chemical reaction in the cell

• fire –
• soil types for quality and quantity of plants
-
• wind - moisture loss, transportation of pollen and seeds

• sunlight –
• gas levels – CO2 for photosynthesis, O2 for respiration,
Biotic (Living ) - Types of Interactions
• Producers autotroph
-
-
• Consumers heterotrophs: unable to make their own food so
obtain nutrition from consuming other organisms.

• Decomposers eg fungi, bacteria, ants, termites


Feeding Relationships
• Competition: between organism for resources eg food, water,
shelter
-
• Predator–prey predator kills its prey eg lion and gazelle
• Symbiotic relationships:
- Parasitism: parasite benefits, while the host is harmed
Feeding Relationships cont…
- Mutualism: both benefit eg oxpecker feeds on parasites ad
dead skin on the giraffe or zebra

- Commensalism: host does not benefit nor is harmed eg-


Barnacles living on whales
Adaptation: are special features that help organisms survive
their habitat with the biotic and abiotic factors to reproduce:
• Structural – body parts eg elephant’s large ears for cooling,
kangaroo’s tail to balance Lady Bug
• Behavioural – habits, action, way of life eg nocturnal,
dolphin’s echo-location system
• Functional – organisms body works eg heart rate increases
when cycling to increase blood supply, snake injecting poison
to kill its prey

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