Unit 2

Self-Management Skills – II
 Learning Objectives

This Unit Covers:

 Stress Management
 Self-awareness
 Self-motivation
 Self-regulation
 Self-analysis/Knowing Yourself
 Time Management
 Goal Setting
 Introduction

 Self-management is defined as the application of skills and strategies that help

an individual throughout his/her life to achieve goals and objectives and
become more productive.
 Self-management includes decision-making, managing time, setting goals and
making plans and time table.
 Self-management covers the abilities of an individual to manage sentiments,
feelings and tough situations effectively.
 Self-management skills are those skills that help individuals become more
productive in their personal as well as professional lives.
 Some self-management skills are stress management, self-awareness, self-
motivation, self-regulation, and self-analysis.
 Session 1: Stress Management

 Stress is a general term that represents various kinds of pressures people

experience in life.
 Stress arises due to inside and outside forces of an environment.
 Stress management is a skill of controlling and managing an individual’s level
of stress and making the activities of life more organized.
 There are two types of stress one is positive stress and the other one is
negative stress.
 Stress Management Techniques

 Stress management techniques are

used to control and reduce stress.
 In an organization, an employer must
develop positive stress at workplace.
Negative stress must be avoided.
 Some techniques which may help an
individual to reduce the level of stress
is shown in Figure.
 Working Independently

 To work independently means to get things done on your own, usually without
the help or interference of others. Some characteristics of people who like to
work independently are:
 They are self-motivated, self-aware, self-monitored, and self-regulated.
 They take initiatives to achieve their goals.
 They have the ability to take risks.
 They accept their mistakes without blaming anyone.
 They are good learners.
 They know what resources they have.
 They are flexible to reduce challenges.
 They have the ability to manage their time to achieve their goals.
 They know what they need to do.
 Emotional Intelligence

 Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognise, regulate, and evaluate your

emotions to reduce stress.
 According to Daniel Goleman, there are five key elements that help you build
your emotional intelligence.
 These elements are: self-motivation, empathy, self-awareness, social
awareness, and self-regulation.
 To cope with stress, you need to maintain your emotional reserves, which can
be done by:
 Building Relationships: Interact with people and let them know that you
value their views.
 Focussing on Realistic Goals: Pursue meaningful realistic goals rather than
the goals that others have set for you that you do not believe in.
 Giving Time to Yourself: Be kind and gentle to yourself and invest time in
yourself.
 Session 2: Self-Awareness

 Self-awareness is the capacity of a person to examine his/her own thoughts or

feelings.
 One can know various shades of his/her characteristics by being more aware
about him/herself.
 There are two types of self-awareness, one is public self-awareness and the
other one is private self-awareness as shown in Figure.
 Session 2: Self-Awareness

 Public Self-awareness: The kind of awareness that comes into being when
people are at the center of attention, such as giving a presentation or speech
at a public gathering. This kind of self-awareness often forces people to follow
certain social norms.
 Private Self-awareness: The kind of awareness that comes into being when
people become aware about themselves and their inner instincts, such as
seeing your face in a mirror or introspecting on one’s own conduct.
 Session 3: Self-Motivation

 Self-motivation is the ability of doing things without the influence of others.

 Self-motivated people easily find reasons to complete a task. Such kind of
people never give up. They do not need someone to encourage them.
 It is of two types, one is intrinsic motivation and the other one is extrinsic
motivation.
 Intrinsic Motivation: This kind of motivation makes us perform tasks based
on internal satisfaction. Some basic intrinsic motivators are being
interested in the task or enjoying the task that you are doing.
 Extrinsic Motivation: This kind of motivation makes us perform tasks to
attain a certain kind of reward that may be in terms of money, good marks
in an exam or a powerful position in an organization.
 Session 4: Self-Regulation

 Self-regulation is the ability to watch and manage our emotions, thoughts and
behaviour. Our behavior should be such that it produces positive results such
as well-being and learning.
 All emotions have the following three motivations:
 Approach: In this kind of motivation, a person seeks more out of
something, such as to discover more or to experience more.
 Avoid: In this kind of emotion, a person wants to run away from
everything.
 Attack: In this kind of emotion, a person wants to insult or criticize
someone.
 Session 5: Self-analysis/Knowing Yourself

 Self-analysis (also known as knowing yourself) plays an important role in

everyone’s life. It is a process where we have to focus on ourselves completely.
 Self-analysis is an understanding of knowing our internal qualities, abilities,
strengths and weaknesses.
 Knowing yourself is being aware of your strengths and weaknesses. It also
means having the knowledge of your positive and negative attributes.
 The process of self-discovery is done with conscious effort, intention, and
purpose.
 Session 5: Self-analysis/Knowing Yourself

 Some questions that help you identify your strengths are:

 What do you love to do the most?
 What other people think and talk about you?
 What are your interest areas?
 What knowledge or expertise do you have?
 What are your personal characteristics that you are proud of?
 Some questions that help you identify your weaknesses are:
 What you did not want to do?
 What other people say about you?
 What are the areas in which you suffer?
 In which areas, do you procrastinate or feel a lack of energy?
 SWOT Analysis

 The letters of SWOT stand for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and

Threats.
 In SWOT analysis, strength and weakness are known as internal factors, while
opportunities and threats are considered as external factors.
 By using the SWOT analysis, you can question yourself and get the best answer
that will help in making decisions.
 This will help in familiarising yourself with your strengths and weaknesses and
attaining success.
 Session 6: Time Management

 Time management is the process of organizing time in such a way that you can
complete specific activities in an effective manner.
 The most important part of time management is to manage yourself so that
you can complete all your tasks within a time limit.
 A good and effective time management means better productivity and quality.
 Some key features of time management are as follows:
 Creating a list of all the tasks
 Arranging all tasks according to their priorities and setting their time limits
 Making proper plans to complete all tasks
 Including short breaks in a plan
 Session 6: Time Management

 Following the plans strictly

 Breaking large tasks into parts and managing them according to deadlines
 Delegating some tasks to friends or other team members, if necessary
 Reducing time wastage as much as possible
 Steps for Successful Time Management

 By following some steps, you can easily manage your time. These steps are as
follows:
1. Know about your goals, either they are short term or long term, and make
a list of them.
2. Identify how much time you are having and how you are currently
spending your time.
3. Prioritize your goals and accordingly categorize them.
4. Create daily plan or schedule keeping your goals, available time, and
priorities in your mind.
5. Include your plan in your daily routine strictly.
 Time Management Tips for Students

 Time management tips are important to be followed by students for utilizing

their time properly. Some of the tips are as follows:
 Identify how long you can study and make proper time schedules
accordingly.
 Include additional activities that you like to do in your schedules.
 Make your daily, weekly, and monthly plans separately.
 Create a list of tasks every day and prioritize them.
 Select a separate area for study that is free from any interruptions.
 Make a habit to revise a thing on the same day when you read it.
 Follow your plans strictly.
 Remind yourself of your ambitions regularly.
 Session 7: Goal Setting

 Goal setting is the process of finding any task or activity that you want to
accomplish within a particular time frame.
 Goal setting is the formulation of specific, challenging and clearly-defined
goals for an individual, group, or employee.
 Goal setting specifies how you progress in your life and what you want to be in
future.
 Goal setting of individuals can differ based on their living style, requirements,
and values.
 With the help of the SMART method, you can set your goal.
 The SMART method is used to set and achieve your goals on the Specific,
Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound criteria.
Thank You