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Medical Management of Laryngitis

Laryngitis is the inflammation of the larynx, leading to hoarseness and discomfort, with types including acute, chronic, and recurrent. Causes range from infections to voice overuse and irritants, with symptoms such as hoarseness and throat pain. Diagnosis involves a physical exam and laryngoscopy, while treatment varies based on type and may include voice rest, hydration, and addressing underlying causes.

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Ezibai Stephen
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84 views17 pages

Medical Management of Laryngitis

Laryngitis is the inflammation of the larynx, leading to hoarseness and discomfort, with types including acute, chronic, and recurrent. Causes range from infections to voice overuse and irritants, with symptoms such as hoarseness and throat pain. Diagnosis involves a physical exam and laryngoscopy, while treatment varies based on type and may include voice rest, hydration, and addressing underlying causes.

Uploaded by

Ezibai Stephen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Laryngitis

Learning objectives

By the end of the session the students


should be able to:
Define laryngitis
State the types of laryngitis
Expalin the causes of laryngitis
 State the clinical manifestation of
laryngitis
Explain the diagnosis of laryngitis
 Discuss the treatment of laryngitis
 Describe the preventive measures of
laryngitis
What is Laryngitis?
• Inflammation of the larynx (voice
box)
• Leads to hoarseness, loss of voice,
throat discomfort
• Vocal cords swell and can't vibrate
normally
Types of Laryngitis

• Acute: <3 weeks, viral or overuse


• Chronic: >3 weeks, due to irritants or
reflux
• Recurrent: Occurs repeatedly, often
due to allergies.
Causes of Laryngitis

• Infectious: Viral (most common),


bacterial, fungal
(immunocompromised)
• Non-Infectious: Voice overuse,
smoking, allergies, autoimmune
disease.
Symptoms of Laryngitis

• Hoarseness or aphonia (loss of voice)


• Dry cough, throat pain, fever
(sometimes)
• Voice worsens with use
Diagnosis

• History & physical exam for voice


changes and triggers
• Laryngoscopy if symptoms last >3
weeks or red flags present
• Other tests: cultures, imaging if
needed
Treatment – Acute

• Voice rest, hydration, steam


inhalation
• Pain relief with paracetamol or
ibuprofen
• Avoid irritants like smoking and
alcohol
Treatment – Chronic

• Treat underlying cause: Allergies,


vocal misuse
• Speech therapy for voice strain
• Antibiotics only if bacterial infection
is confirmed
Treatment – Fungal & Surgical

• Antifungals for fungal laryngitis


(e.g., fluconazole)
• Surgery for vocal cord nodules,
polyps, or papillomas
Prevention

• Avoid yelling, stay hydrated, quit


smoking
• Manage reflux and allergies
• Use humidifiers and maintain good
vocal hygiene
Mnemonic – 'HOARSE'

• H – Hoarseness
• O – Overuse of voice
• A – Aphonia
• R – Rest voice
• S – Sore throat
• E – Etiology
Differential Diagnosis

• Pharyngitis, Epiglottitis, Laryngeal


cancer
REFERENCES

National Institute on Deafness and


Other Communication Disorders
(NIDCD)Laryngitis.
[Link]
laryngitis
Munier, M., & Tadi, P. (2023).
Laryngitis. In StatPearls.
Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls
Publishing.
[Link]
NBK519517/
Munier, M., & Tadi, P. (2023).
Laryngitis. In StatPearls.
Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls
Publishing.
[Link]
NBK519517/

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