INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTING
Computer and its components
Computer software
Computer programs and applications
Mobile and game devices
The web
Communication and networks
Technology uses
WHAT IS A COMPUTER?
DEFINITION
• A computer is an electronic device that
manipulates information, or data. It has the
ability to store, retrieve, and process data
• It needs user’s instruction to perform any job.
WHAT DOES IT DO?
• Input
Accepts data / input
Raw facts, figures, and symbols
• Processing
Processes data into information
– Data that is organized, meaningful and useful
• Output
Information produced and stores
results
Processing
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
• INPUT DEVICES
Keyboard
Mouse
Game pad
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
• PROCESSING DEVICE
system unit
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
Interprets and carries out basic instructions that operate a computer .
Also called the processor.
A typical CPU has a number of components.
• The first is the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which performs simple
arithmetic and logical operations.
• Second is the control unit (CU), which manages the various components
of the computer. It reads and interprets instructions from memory and
transforms them into a series of signals to activate other parts of the
computer. The control unit calls upon the arithmetic logic unit to
perform the necessary calculations.
• Lastly, Main Memory which holds data and instruction for processing
CPU
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
• OUTPUT DEVICES
Printers
Monitor
Projector
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
• STORAGE DEVICES
Compact disc
Universal Serial Bus(USB)
Hard drive
FEW DEFINITIONS
• Hardware – the physical equipment that
makes up the computer
• Software – a series of instructions that tells
the hardware how to perform tasks
• Storage – holding data and information for
future use
• Information processing cycle – the cycle of
input, process, output, and storage
• User – a person who communicates with the
Computer
FEW DEFINITIONS
• Data- is raw, unorganized facts that need to be
processed. It can be character, a word.
• Information – when data is processed,
organized, structured or presented in a given
context so as to make it useful. It is called
information.
COMPUTER SOFWARE
• System software - Programs that control the
operations of the computer. Serves as the
interface between the user, the application
software, and the computer's hardware
Operating system
–Microsoft Windows
–Mac OS
User interface
–Graphical user interface (GUI)
COMPUTER SOFTWARE
• APPLICATION SOFTWARE -Programs that
perform specific tasks for users
word processing - Allows users to create and
manipulate documents that contain text and
graphics.
Spreadsheet -Allows you to organize data and
it Performs calculations
Database- Allows you to create, access, and
manage a database
COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND
APPLICATIONS
• Computer program- is a set of instructions for
a computer to perform some tasks.
• Application- it is a software program that runs
on your computer. Web browsers, e-mail
programs, word processors, games, and
utilities are all applications
MOBILE AND GAME DEVICES
• Mobile devices- small, pocket-sized computing
device with a touch screen and memory card
for storage. There are small enough to be held
by hand.
uses of mobile devices-
internet access
Camera
For playing games
MOBILE AND GAME DEVICES
• Game devices- these are devices which are
used directly or indirectly in conducting a
game. Gaming device is used solely for the
purposes of amusement or entertainment or
gambling.
THE WEB
• Web is a way of accessing information over
the medium of internet. It is a subset of the
internet, it consists of pages that can be
accessed using a web browser.
• Internet- allow different computers around
the world to communicate with one another.
COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK
• Data communications refers to the
transmission of digital data between two or
more computers.
• A computer network is a set of computers
connected together for the purpose of sharing
resources.
TECHNOLOGY USES
• Business
• Education
• Communication
• Agriculture
