ME-100
Engineering Drawing and
Graphics
Lecture 1
Introduction
Course Instructor: M. Mohsin Shabbir
Email:
[email protected] Outcome Based Education (OBE)
• System of education that revolves around goals
(outcomes) the students are to achieve through a
degree program.
Outcome Based Education (OBE)
Institute
Vision/Mission
Faculty
Vision/Mission
Program
Eductional
Objectives
(PEO's)
Program
Learning
Outcomes
(PLO's)
Course Course Course Course
Learning Learning Learning Learning
Outcome Outcome Outcome Outcome
(CLO1) (CLO2) (CLO3) (CLO4)
Program Learning Objectives
Course Learning Outcomes
Sr. No Course Learning Outcomes PLOs Blooms Taxonomy
Comprehend the fundamentals of
CLO_1 PLO-1 C2
engineering drawing & graphics
State the fundamentals of
engineering drawing & graphics and
CLO_2 PLO-5 P2
perform practical activity in lab
using instruments and CAD tool
Follow the fundamentals of
Engineering Drawing and Graphics PLO-
CLO_3 P2
to visualize, communicate and 12
document design ideas
Course Learning Outcomes
• The CLO’s are mapped to PLO’s and are
evaluated at the end of each course.
• You need to achieve at least 40% of each PLO.
• If you fail to achieve at least 40% in any of the
12 PLO’s at the end of your 4 year program,
necessary action may be taken against you.
Text Book and Other Resources
• Text Book: Technical Graphics Communication 3rd
edition by Eric N. Wiebe and Garry R. Bertoline
(Soft copy be made available through e-mail/portal)
Grading Policy (Subject to Change)
• Quizzes = 15% (4 Quizzes)
• Assignments = 10% (4 Assignments)
• Sessional 1 = 10%
• Sessional 2 = 15%
• Final Exam = 50%
Please note that you have to
score a minimum of 50 to pass
the course
Welcome
• Welcome aboard!
• Looking forward to a pleasant and
enjoyable learning and teaching journey
Objectives of Todays Lecture
• What is design process.
• Stages in Design Process
• Why we need graphics in Design process
• Techniques used to create graphics
• Standards and their Importance
• Scales (Reducing and Enlarging Scale)
• Drawing Equipment
What is Engineering Design??
Typical Engineering Design Process
Problem
Identification
Preliminary Ideas
Design Refinement
Analysis
Optimization
Documentation
Graphics in Design Process
Technical graphics is a real and complete language
used in the design process for:
1. Visualization
2. Communication
3. Documentation
Visualization
• Visualization is the ability to mentally picture things
that are not there.
• Ability to visualize problem solutions and
communicate them through sketches is one of the
most important skill of a designer.
Communication
• Refinement of your initial sketches so that your design
solution can be communicated to others without ambiguity.
• Usually done by creating a three dimensional (3D) model
Documentation
• Is a process to permanently record that solution/Final
sketch/Design.
• 2D drawing follow strict standard practices. These standards
are the language used to communicate graphically.
• 3D graphical representation can also be part of the final
documentation
Composition of Graphic Language
Graphics is a visual communication language
“Drawing” or “Drafting” is graphical representation of
Objects and structures.
A drawing can be done using freehand, instruments
or computer methods.
Freehand drawing
The lines are sketched without using instruments other
than pencils and erasers.
Example
Instrument drawing
Instruments are used to draw straight lines, circles, and
curves concisely and accurately. Thus, the drawings are
usually made to scale.
Example
Computer Aided drawing
The drawings are usually made by commercial software
such as AutoCAD, Pro-E/ CREO, solid works etc.
Example
Engineering Drawing
• An engineering drawing is a set of
drawings/Views/Sections etc. that communicates an
idea, design, schematic or model.
• Engineering drawing is an universal graphic language,
known as the language of engineers.
• It is used by engineers to develop and record their
ideas and transmit them to others for execution.
Different types of drawing
For e.g. mechanical engineers need productions
drawing to manufacture a component or assembly.
Elements of Engineering Drawing
Engineering drawing are made up of graphics language
and word language.
Graphics
language
Describe a shape/geometry
(mainly).
Word
language
Describe size, location and
specification of the object.
Drawing Standards
Standards are set of rules that govern how technical
drawings are represented.
Drawing standards are used so that drawings convey
the same meaning to everyone who reads them.
Standard Code
Country Code Full name
Turkey TS Turkish Standard
USA ANSI American National Standard Institute
Japan JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
UK BS British Standard
Australia AS Australian Standard
Germany DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung
ISO International Standards Organization
Drawing Sheet
A4
Trimmed paper of
a size A0 ~ A4.
A3
Standard sheet size
(ISO) A2
A4 210 x 297
A3 297 x 420 A1
A2 420 x 594
A1 594 x 841
A0 841 x 1189
(Dimensions in millimeters) A0
Lettering (Gothic Text Style)
ANSI standard
Drawing Scales
Length, size
Scale is the ratio of the linear dimension of an element
of an object shown in the drawing to the real linear
dimension of the same element of the object.
Size in drawing Actual size
:
Representative Factor
• The ratio of the dimensions of an object on the drawing to its actual
size is called Representative factor
NOTE: The units in the numerator and denominator must be same
Drawing Scales
Designation of a scale consists of the word “SCALE”
followed by the indication of its ratio, as follow
SCALE 1:1 for same scale
SCALE X:1 for enlargement scales (X > 1)
SCALE 1:X for reduction scales (X > 1)
Dimension numbers shown in the drawing are correspond
to “true size” of the object and they are independent of
the scale used in creating that drawing.
DRAWING TOOLS
Drawing Boards
DRAWING TOOLS
2. Triangles or
1. T-Square
T-Squares
DRAWING TOOLS
2H or HB for thick line
4H for thin line
3. Adhesive Tape 4. Pencils
Drawing Pencils
9H 8H 7H 6H 5H 4H (HARD)
These grades are used for line work, when extreme accuracy is required, the lines drawn with these grades
are too light.
3H 2H H F HB B (MEDIUM)
These grades are used for lettering, arrowhead and freehand work. H and 2H are used for pencil tracing
2B 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B (SOFT)
These grades are used for drawing rough line. The lead must be continuously sharpened. They will not be
used for mechanical drafting. They are used mainly for artwork
DRAWING TOOLS
5. Compass
DRAWING TOOLS
6. Pencil Eraser
7. Circular Template8. Sharpener
DRAWING TOOLS
10. Scales
Note: Bring A4 size sheet for your
next Lab
Self study
• Line types in Engineering Drawing
What is Mechanical Engineering?
